【概念引入】
一般過(guò)去時(shí)是初中英語(yǔ)中非常重要的一個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)。表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，有時(shí)也表示過(guò)去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。
例如： He left home at half past five yesterday.
他昨天五點(diǎn)離開家的。
Li Ming always went to work by bike in the past.
過(guò)去李明總是騎自行車去上班。
【語(yǔ)法講解】
I、用法：
1. 表示在過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。例如：
Lin Tao left for Shanghai at 8:00 yesterday morning.
林濤昨天早上八點(diǎn)去上海了。
He was ill last night.
昨晚他生病了。
2. 表示過(guò)去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。例如：
Li Tao always went to school by bus last term.
上學(xué)期李濤一直乘公共汽車上學(xué)。
3. 表示已故的人曾經(jīng)做過(guò)的事情。例如：
Lao She wrote many great works.
老舍寫過(guò)許多膾炙人口的作品。
4. 表示過(guò)去所發(fā)生的一系列的動(dòng)作。例如：
The old man came into the room, took off his clothes and went to bed.
這位老人走進(jìn)屋，脫下衣服，然后上床睡覺了。
Mr. Black got up at six o'clock this morning, dressed, had breakfast, and went to work.
布萊克先生今天早上六點(diǎn)起床、穿衣服、吃飯，然后去上班了。
II、一般過(guò)去時(shí)如何識(shí)別？
每個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)，都會(huì)有其獨(dú)特的標(biāo)志性詞語(yǔ)（主要是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)）?？梢苑Q其為“標(biāo)志詞”。通常來(lái)講，一般過(guò)去時(shí)常見的標(biāo)志詞有：
1. yesterday, the day before yesterday.
2. last week / year / month / term…(簡(jiǎn)稱last系列)
3. two hours ago, three years ago, a moment ago…(簡(jiǎn)稱ago系列)
4. in / on + 過(guò)去的年/月/日，如 in 1999, in April, 2005
5. just now, once upon a time, one day…
III、分類：
1. 含有be動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)：
系動(dòng)詞be的過(guò)去式有兩種形式：was和were。其中was是am和is的過(guò)去式，were是are的過(guò)去式。含有was和were的句子的轉(zhuǎn)換方式與含有am / is /are的句子相似，即：否定句在was或were后加not (was not可縮略成wasn’t，were not可縮略成weren’t); 疑問句是把was或were提前放在句首?！±纾?/p>
He was in Grade 6 last year. (肯定句)
→He was not (wasn’t) in Grade 6 last year. (否定句)
→Was he in Grade 6 last year? (一般疑問句)
There were many trees here years ago. (肯定句)
→There were not (weren’t) many trees here years ago. (否定句)
→Were there many trees here years ago? (一般疑問句)
2. 含有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)：
(1)常見句式：主語(yǔ) + v.-ed + 其它（賓語(yǔ)/狀語(yǔ)/表語(yǔ)……）例如：
He Lived in Guangzhou 5 years ago.
五年前他住在廣州。
I met one of my classmates in the street yesterday.
昨天我在大街上遇見了一位同班同學(xué)。
(2) 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去時(shí)的變化可分為規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化。規(guī)則變化如下：
1) 一般情況下在動(dòng)詞原形后直接加-ed。例如：wanted；played。
2) 以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，在單詞末尾直接加字母d。例如：hoped；lived
3) 重讀閉音節(jié)單詞需雙寫最后一個(gè)輔音字母再加-ed。例如：shopped；stopped
4) 以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞變y為i，再加-ed。例如：studied；worried
IV、一般過(guò)去時(shí)的否定和疑問句
1. 含有be動(dòng)詞的句子
含有be動(dòng)詞的句子在變成否定句時(shí)，在be動(dòng)詞之后加not；在變成疑問句時(shí)，直接將be動(dòng)詞提到主語(yǔ)之前，并在句尾加上問號(hào)。如果是特殊疑問句，則在句首加上相應(yīng)的特殊疑問詞即可。例如：
He was born in 1996. 他出生于1996年。
→ He wasn’t born in 1996.
They were at home at that moment. 當(dāng)時(shí)他們?cè)诩依铩?/p>
→ They were not at home at that moment.
—Was he born in 1996? 他是出生于1996年嗎？
— No, he wasn’t. 不，他不是。
—When was he born? 他是什么時(shí)候出生的？
— He was born in 1996. 他出生于1996年。
2. 含有行為動(dòng)詞的句子
含有行為動(dòng)詞的句子在變成否定句或疑問句時(shí)，則需要助動(dòng)詞did來(lái)幫助完成。在進(jìn)行變化時(shí)，將助動(dòng)詞放在行為動(dòng)詞的前邊（否定句）或句首（疑問句），同時(shí)將該行為動(dòng)詞還原成原形。例如：
Mr. Liu lived in Beijing twenty years ago. 二十年前，劉先生住在北京。
→ Mr. Liu didn’t live in Beijing twenty years ago. 二十年前，劉先生沒有住在北京。
→ — Did Mr. Liu live in Beijing twenty years ago? 二十年前劉先生住在北京嗎？
— No, he didn’t. / Yes, he did. 不是。/ 是的。
巧記：行為動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)用法歌訣：
動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)，表示過(guò)去發(fā)生事。句中謂語(yǔ)用過(guò)去時(shí)，過(guò)去時(shí)間作標(biāo)記。否定句，很簡(jiǎn)單，主語(yǔ)后面didn’t添。疑問構(gòu)成也有法，主語(yǔ)前把did加。還有一點(diǎn)不能刪，后面的動(dòng)詞要還原。
【鞏固練習(xí)】
Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)選擇。
1. My mother ______ an important meeting last night.
A. has B. have C. had D. will have
2. －_______ your sister _______ her homework yesterday?
－No, she didn’t.
A. Does; does B. Did; do C. Did; did D. Is; did
3. Your sister _______ her friend last Sunday.
A. isn’t visit B. doesn’t visit C. didn’t visit D. won’t visit
4. －When ____ you _____ this article? － I ______ it last week.
A. will; write; write B. do; write; wrote C. did; write; wrote D. did; write; write
5. Tommy is looking for the watch his uncle ____ him last month.
A. gives B. gave C. to give D. has given
6. — When ______ you _______ the bike?
— Last month.
A. have; bought B. had; bought C. do; buy D. did; buy
7. — _____ was your vacation?
— It was great.
A. Where B. How C. What D. When
8. — ______ did they go last Friday evening?
— In the park.
A. Which B. When C. What D. Where
9. — When ______ you come here?
— Two years ago. I have been here for two years.
A. do B. will C. did D. have
10. — Hi, Kate. You look tired. What’s the matter?
— I ______ well last night.
A. didn’t sleep B. don’t sleep C. haven’t slept D. won’t sleep
11. I ______ late for the class because I ______ill yesterday.
A. were; were B. am; were C. am; am D. was; was
12. There ______ a film in the cinema last night.
A. is B. was C. were D. are
13. It ______ cold yesterday, but it ______ warm today.
A. is; is B. was; was C. is; was D. was; is
14. There ______ a ball and two books on the table just now.
A. is B. was C. were D. are
15. Last Sunday my aunt ______ at home with me. We were watching TV all day.
A. was B. were C. is D. are
真題鏈接
1. —What did you do for your mom on her birthday? （2015北京門頭溝一模）
—Iher a birthday cake.
A. buy B. bought C. will buy D. have bought
2. — Has Mary ever visited Tower Bridge? （2015沈陽(yáng)中考）
—Yes. She ______ it two years ago.
A. visits B. visited C. has visited D. was visiting
3. —Will you see the film Cinderella with us tonight? （2015長(zhǎng)沙中考）
— No, I _________it last week.
A. see B. have seen C. saw
II、用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
1. He __________(work) in that bank four years ago.
2. She __________(learn) to swim last year.
3. I __________(see) him yesterday.
4. He __________(come) to school at 6 o’clock this morning.
5. The boy __________(have) a bad cold yesterday.
6. When __________ you __________(buy) that house?
7. He __________(tell) a story to his daughter yesterday.
8.__________ you __________(try) to call me last night?
9. What __________you __________(buy) in the shop? I __________(buy) a coat just now.
10. The doctor __________(get) up late this morning.
11. She __________(paint) the wall last month.
12. My mother __________(be) a worker 20 years ago.
13. — __________(be) you here just now? — No, I __________(be not) here.
14. Why __________ your brother __________(cry) last night?
15. Yesterday __________(be) my mother’s birthday.
16. They __________ (be) on the farm a moment ago.
17. There__________ (be) a shop not long ago.
18. Jenny__________ (not go) to bed until 11:00 o’clock last night.
19. Danny __________ (read ) English five minutes ago.
20. I __________ (see) Li Lei __________ (go) out just now.
III、句型轉(zhuǎn)換。
1. The children had a good time in the park.
否定句：__________________________________________
一般疑問句：________________________________________
對(duì)劃線部分提問：____________________________________
2. There were about nine hundred people at the concert.
否定句：__________________________________________
一般疑問句：________________________________________
對(duì)劃線部分提問：____________________________________
3. Ann did her homework yesterday evening.
否定句：__________________________________________
一般疑問句：________________________________________
對(duì)劃線部分提問：____________________________________
4. Last week I read an English book.
否定句：__________________________________________
一般疑問句：________________________________________
肯定/否定回答：____________________________________
對(duì)劃線部分提問：____________________________________
5. My brother was in the park just now.
否定句：__________________________________________
一般疑問句：________________________________________
對(duì)劃線部分提問：____________________________________
IV、改錯(cuò)題(請(qǐng)改正每個(gè)句子中的一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤)。
1. How is Jane yesterday? _________________________________________
2. He go to school by bus last week. ________________________________
3. He goes home at 6:00 last month. ________________________________
4. I can fly kites seven years ago. ___________________________________
5. Did you saw him just now? _______________________________________
6. Tom wasn’t watch TV last night. ________________________________
7. I did not my homework yesterday. _______________________________
8. He wait for you three hours ago. _________________________________
9. Who find it just now? ____________________________________________
【答案與解析】
Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)選擇。
1. C。本句子的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)last night是表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間，所以用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，have/has的過(guò)去式是had。
2. B。本句子是考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)的一般疑問句，用助動(dòng)詞did構(gòu)成，在did的后面用動(dòng)詞原形。
3. C。本句子是考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)的否定句，用助動(dòng)詞didn’t＋動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成。
4. C。從對(duì)話后面回答和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)last week可以判斷是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，在問句中用助動(dòng)詞did＋動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成。后面的回答用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。write的過(guò)去式是wrote。
5. B。本題考查定語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)，從句意為“手表是叔叔上個(gè)月給的”。由 “l(fā)ast month”可知用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，所以選B.
6. D。根據(jù)答語(yǔ)的last month，可知應(yīng)該用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；一般過(guò)去時(shí)的特殊疑問句，助動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用did，后面接動(dòng)詞原形，所以答案為D。
7. B。根據(jù)答語(yǔ)可知，問句應(yīng)該問“你的假期怎么樣？”，所以疑問詞用how。
8. D。根據(jù)答語(yǔ)可知，問句問的是地點(diǎn)，對(duì)地點(diǎn)的提問，應(yīng)該用where。
9. C。根據(jù)答語(yǔ)中的two years ago可知用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，一般疑問句助動(dòng)詞用did。
10. A。根據(jù)答語(yǔ)中的last night可知用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，否定句用didn’t加動(dòng)詞原形，所以答案為A。
11. D。根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)yesterday可知用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。
12. B。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)last night可知用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；由因?yàn)橹髡Z(yǔ)是a film，所以應(yīng)該用was。
13. D。根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)yesterday和today可知，第一個(gè)空用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，第二個(gè)空用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；因?yàn)橹髡Z(yǔ)是it，所以用was和is。
14. B。根據(jù)just now可知用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；there be句型要遵循“就近原則，由a ball決定謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，所以答案為B。
15. A。根據(jù)last Sunday可知用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，因?yàn)橹髡Z(yǔ)my aunt是單數(shù)，所以用was。
真題鏈接：
1. B。由問句中did可知是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，所以答語(yǔ)也用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。
2. B。two years ago是過(guò)去時(shí)間，一般與一般過(guò)去式連用，故選B。
3. C。從答句后面的last week可知該句要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故選C。
II、用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
1. worked 2. learned 3. saw 4. came 5. had 6. did; buy 7. told 8. Did; try
9. did; buy; bought 10. got 11. painted 12. was 13. Were; wasn’t
14. did; cry 15. was 16. were 17. was 18. didn’t go 19. read 20. saw; go
III、句型轉(zhuǎn)換。
1. 否定句：The children didn’t have a good time in the park.
一般疑問句：Did the children have a good time in the park?
對(duì)劃線部分提問： Where did the children have a good time?
2. 否定句：There weren’t about nine hundred people at the concert.
一般疑問句：Were there about nine hundred people at the concert?
對(duì)劃線部分提問：How many people were there at the concert?
3. 否定句：Ann didn’t do her homework yesterday evening.
一般疑問句：Did Ann do her homework yesterday evening?
對(duì)劃線部分提問：When did Ann do her homework?
4. 否定句：Last week I didn’t read an English book.
一般疑問句：Did you read an English book last week?
肯定回答：Yes, I did. 否定回答：No, I didn’t.
對(duì)劃線部分提問：What did you do last week?
5. 否定句：My brother wasn’t in the park just now.
一般疑問句：Was your brother in the park just now?
對(duì)劃線部分提問：Who was in the park just now?
IV、改錯(cuò)題(請(qǐng)改正每個(gè)句子中的一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤)。
1. is→was 2. go→went 3. goes→went 4. can→could 5. saw→see
6. wasn’t→didn’t 7. not后加do 8. wait→waited 9. find→found
聯(lián)系客服
