1.stop to do sth. 和stop doing sth.
“stop to do sth?！?表示停止做其它事情而去做“to do sth。”所表示的事情，可以將“to do sth?！崩斫獬伞皊top”的目的狀語(yǔ)；“stop doing sth?！北硎静蛔觥癲oing sth?！彼硎镜氖虑?。
例如： “Stop talking. Let’s begin our class?！?said the teacher. 老師說(shuō)：“別說(shuō)話(huà)了，讓我們開(kāi)始上課?！?nbsp;/ N* D6 j/ f$ M) W# [
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We have kept doing our homework for a long time. Let’s stop to listen to music. 我們做家庭作業(yè)很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了，讓我們停下來(lái)聽(tīng)聽(tīng)音樂(lè)。 ! {, _8 g" ^4 `4 t c/ y' |# x. H% `3 m
2.forget to do sth。和forget doing sth. (remember to do sth. 和remember doing sth。)
“forget to do sth?！北硎緦?lái)不要忘記做某事，談的是未來(lái)的事情；“forget doing sth?！北硎就涍^(guò)去應(yīng)該做的事情。
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例如： “Don’t forget to do your homework?！?said the teacher before the class was over. , J6 c' }# _1 y) L. y8 ]
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老師在下課前說(shuō)：“不要忘記做家庭作業(yè)。”
“I’m sorry. I forgot doing my homework. May I hand it in this afternoon, Mr. Chen?” said Li Ming.
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李明說(shuō)：“對(duì)不起，我忘記做家庭作業(yè)了。我今天下午交好嗎，陳老師？”
3.have sth. done。(過(guò)去分詞)(讓別人)做某事
例如：I had my hair cut yesterday afternoon. 我昨天下午理了發(fā)。 ! ?* k% o+ J4 m, a! N5 F; t _
My computer can not work now. I must have it repaired. 我的電腦有故障了，我必須讓人修好它。 ) T" a% J! V& j+ c- d8 m& ?; D
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4. 感官動(dòng)詞后接不帶to的不定式或者現(xiàn)在分詞的區(qū)別 % n L# [0 y. Q1 Y% n* v5 t7 C; d
例如：see sb. do sth。看見(jiàn)某人(經(jīng)常)做某事 和see sb. doing sth?？匆?jiàn)某人(正在)做某事 , C" I8 {7 z' a$ c! J9 I
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I often see him do exercise in the morning. 我經(jīng)常在早晨看見(jiàn)他鍛煉身體。 % @3 D" d6 ], m T
When I was walking in the park, I saw him drawing a picture there. 當(dāng)我在公園散步的時(shí)候，我看見(jiàn)他正在那里畫(huà)畫(huà)。 ; I8 ]* V1 c( C. g1 m
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5. 在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，感官動(dòng)詞(see, hear, feel, watch等)和使役動(dòng)詞(make, have, let等)要求接不帶to的不定式做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，而在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)里，不定式要帶上to。 3 P% D& ~* l0 s% ~
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例如：The boss often made the workers work 10 hours a day.
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The workers were made to work 10 hours a day. 7 E) C" s) V+ B6 D# ~ I
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She was heard to use strong language. 聽(tīng)說(shuō)她罵人了。
6.常用的幾個(gè)和不定式有關(guān)的句型：
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Why not do sth? 為什么不做某事？
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It takes/took sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花了某人多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。 % c" N& j+ M' G: E1 ]& \ z( `
It is/was +形容詞+(for sb。) +to do sth. 做某事(對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō))怎么樣。 ' Z2 ?0 n9 ^, e
7. 介詞后面一般接動(dòng)名詞。同學(xué)們要特別注意介詞to和不定式符號(hào)to的區(qū)別，例如下面的詞組一定要記清：
prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 喜歡做……不喜歡做…… . ]4 b2 E4 _6 G) p; [- b
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look forward to doing sth. 期待/盼望做某事 . [ B8 q( ^! E8 {
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make a contribution to doing sth. 為……做出貢獻(xiàn) , j$ Q* P( C% \+ T! @2 L/ J/ _
8. 現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞做定語(yǔ)的區(qū)別 0 b% g f5 m v5 g9 e: W/ F
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A. 現(xiàn)在分詞含有正在進(jìn)行的意思，而過(guò)去分詞含有被動(dòng)或者已經(jīng)完成的意思，如：
a developing country 發(fā)展中國(guó)家 a developed country 發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家
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boiling water 正在沸騰的水(一般情況下水溫為100℃) boiled water 開(kāi)水(已經(jīng)燒開(kāi)的水，水溫可以依然很高，也可以是涼白開(kāi)) 4 m+ p, g# a) W1 z9 r2 C
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a boy named Jim 一個(gè)叫Jim的男孩
B. 有些動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞都具有形容詞特征，但是它們的意思有區(qū)別。它們的-ing形式往往用來(lái)說(shuō)明事物的特征；他們的-ed形式表示被動(dòng)的意思，用來(lái)說(shuō)明人的情況。
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I am interested in this interesting story. 我對(duì)這個(gè)有趣的故事感興趣。 , b+ _0 @0 T- ]
I am moved at the moving sight. 我被這動(dòng)人的情景感動(dòng)了。
They were amazed at the amazing facts. 他們對(duì)那些令人驚異的事實(shí)感到驚奇。
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下面是一些常見(jiàn)的固定表達(dá)，請(qǐng)同學(xué)們牢記：
和to do 連用的固定搭配 4 R# g, w# t$ X& _! I* J
ask sb. to do sth. 請(qǐng)求某人做某事
be pleased /be glad to do sth。很高興做某事
can't wait to do sth. 迫不及待地做某事 9 p# v! T6 Z8 _% N8 y( E
can't afford to do sth. 不能擔(dān)負(fù)起干某事 5 p0 C; q; F4 X5 V* @6 W3 e5 P; s" Y
decide to do sth. 決定做某事
do/try one's best to do sth。盡全力做某事
do nothing to do sth. 對(duì)……無(wú)能為力 . h8 A. s, ]+ A7 ]4 ~$ _' T
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deserve to do sth. 值得干某事
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形容詞/副詞+enough to do sth. 足以做某事
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encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓勵(lì)某人做某事 7 K( L7 S1 S$ |
find + it + 形容詞 +to do sth. 發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事…… " g t7 Z% h0 s( D' B
get ready to do sth. 準(zhǔn)備做某事 8 l2 Q1 J7 j2 a
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go on to do sth. 繼續(xù)做某事 {# Q# B9 u+ ^1 w( n
hope to do sth. 希望做某事 P' s8 o+ T- G
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improve sth. to do sth. 改善/提高某物來(lái)干某事 0 k: h* C0 {. a/ p( l7 ?7 ^" N' C
invite sb. to do sth. 邀請(qǐng)某人干某事
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It's better to do sth. 干某事比較好
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It's time to do sth. 到該做某事的時(shí)間了。 2 |- w g$ p9 p$ g7 I
like to do sth. 喜歡做某事…… * T [! o D" P9 K ^# E( o2 ] H0 X
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like sb. to do sth. 喜歡某人做某事 5 |# J2 S7 |! r+ a: |
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love to do sth. 愛(ài)做某事
learn to do sth. 學(xué)會(huì)做某事 ) T9 |) U2 M& ^ C
make one's mind to do sth. 下決心做某事 + \2 }( u( L) B5 h6 a
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make a list of five ways to do sth. 列出干某事的五種方式的清單
