今天有朋友在飯團(tuán)上向我提問(wèn)這樣一個(gè)問(wèn)題:
...found record levels of marketing resistance from consumers; a majority reported negative opinions about marketing and advertising and said they avoid products they feel are overmarketed.
they avoid products they feel are overmarketed這句話為什么用了are?意思看得懂,但句子結(jié)構(gòu)怎么分析呢?
我們把這段話的從句部分提取出來(lái):
they avoid products they feel are overmarketed.
這段話其實(shí)是由兩個(gè)從句構(gòu)成:
They avoid products... 什么樣的products呢?that they feel are overmarketed修飾products,這是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。
定語(yǔ)從句部分they feel are overmarketed中又含有一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句, they feel that are overmarketed.
that are overmarketed是products的修飾語(yǔ),也是they feel的賓語(yǔ),這種結(jié)構(gòu)被稱為“嵌入式關(guān)系分句” -- 賓語(yǔ)從句“嵌入”到了定語(yǔ)從句中。《新編高級(jí)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法》中給出了這樣的例句:
She has an adpoted child who she says was an orphan. (她有一個(gè)她說(shuō)曾是孤兒的養(yǎng)子/養(yǎng)女。)
I've got a proposition that I'm sure will interest you. (我有一個(gè)提議相信會(huì)引起你的興趣)
注意,they avoid products they feel are overmarketed這句話中的“they feel”和“插入語(yǔ)”差不多,把they feel刪掉也不會(huì)影響句子結(jié)構(gòu)的完整性。但是要注意它和真正的插入語(yǔ)還是不同的。
那這句話把a(bǔ)re去掉,寫(xiě)成they avoid products they feel overmarketed對(duì)不對(duì)?如果這樣寫(xiě)的話從句部分就變成了:
they feel products overmarketed. ?
feel一般不會(huì)這樣用。Practical English Usage中說(shuō)明了feel的用法:
我們可以寫(xiě)成:
they feel products to be overmarketed. (比較正式、少見(jiàn))?
they feel that products are overmarketed. (更常見(jiàn),也是問(wèn)題中作者的寫(xiě)法)?
從這一個(gè)問(wèn)題中我們可以至少學(xué)到兩件事。一是有疑問(wèn)就主動(dòng)去解決,自己解決不了可以去問(wèn)問(wèn)別人(例如問(wèn)我啊??);二是要注意動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)法特點(diǎn),不確定就要多查查字典和工具書(shū)。
“學(xué)起于思,思源于疑”,如果你有一段時(shí)間沒(méi)有過(guò)疑惑、沒(méi)犯過(guò)錯(cuò)誤的話,可能你這段時(shí)間并沒(méi)有在學(xué)習(xí)。當(dāng)我們有疑惑和犯錯(cuò)誤的時(shí)候,不要沮喪,反而是要高興才是,因?yàn)檫@意味著我們有進(jìn)步了呢。
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