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if的用法 精簡與典藏版
1. (表示條件)如果
He will come if you invite him.
如果你請他,他會來的。
2. (表示虛擬)假如,要是
If I were you, I would never do that.
如果我是你,我決不做那件事。
3. (表示讓步)即使
We'll go even if it rains.
即使下雨我們也要去。
4. 是否
I wonder if she is ill.
不知她是否病了。
5. (表示因果關系)每一次...的時候(總是會)
If I feel any doubt, I inquire.
我一感到有疑問就隨時詢問。
n.
1. 條件;設想[C]
There are too many ifs in his offer.
他的提議中條件太多了。
回答人的補充   2009-11-07 21:53

if you did/were...,I would do...

if you had done... , I would have done...

if it should/would do...,I would do...

回答人的補充   2009-11-07 21:54
1. (表示條件)如果 ,主句用將來時,if從句用現(xiàn)在時表示將來
He will come if you invite him.
如果你請他,他會來的。
2. (表示虛擬)假如,要是

1)時態(tài):可以表示過去,現(xiàn)在和將來的情況。它的基本特點是時態(tài)退后。
a. 同現(xiàn)在事實相反的假設。
句型 : 條件從句 主句
一般過去時 should( would) +動詞原形
If they were here, they would help you.

b. 表示于過去事實相反的假設。
句型: 條件從句 主句
過去完成時 should(would) have+ 過去分詞
If she had worked harder, she would have succeeded.
The rice would not have been burnt if you had been more careful.
If my lawyer had been here last Saturday, he would have prevented me from going.


If he had come yesterday, I should / would have told him about it.
含義:He did not come yesterday, so I did not tell him about it.
If he had not been ill and missed many classes, he would have made greater progress.
含義: He was ill and missed many lessons, so he did not make greater progress.

c. 表示對將來的假想
句型: 條件從句 主句
一般過去時 should+ 動詞原形
were+ 不定式 would + 動詞原形
should+ 動詞原形
If you succeeded, everything would be all right.
If you should succeed, everything would be all right.
If you were to succeed, everything would be all right
回答人的補充   2009-11-07 21:55

if是英語中出現(xiàn)頻率很高的連詞,并且它的用法也很多。學生感到很難掌握,為了讓同學們更多更好地了解其用法及其語法功能?,F(xiàn)結合教學中遇到的情況,予以歸納,以供參考。

  

   一、if作為連詞,引導條件狀語從句,它表示的意思是“假如”“如果”等。在復合句中如果主句用將

  來時,則if引導的狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時。例如:

   1. If it doesn’t rain, we will go to the park next Sunday. 如果天不下雨,下周星期天我們將去公園。

   2. If you ask him,he will help you.如果你求他,他將會幫助你。

   二、if還可以引導讓步狀語從句。這時if當作“即使是”,“雖說”解。例如:

   1. If she’s poor,at least she’s honest. 雖說她很窮,但至少她還是誠實的。

   2. If I am wrong,you are wrong, too. 即使說我錯了,那么你也不對。

   3. I’ll do it, even if it takes me all the afternoon. 雖然會花費我一下午的時間,我還是要做這事。

   三、if作為連詞還可以引導賓語從句。引導賓語從句時和whether意思相同。例如:

   1. Lily asked if / whether she liked it. 莉莉問她是否喜歡它。

   2. She asked if / whether they had a cotton one. 她問是否他們有一件棉織的。

   四、if引導時間狀語從句,當if做“當”或“無論何時”解而不含有條件之義時,if從句中的時態(tài)與主句中的時態(tài)相同。例如:

   1. If youmix yellow and blue,you get green.你將黃色與藍色混合,便會得到綠色。

   2. If she wants the servant,she rings the bell.每當她需要仆人時,她便按鈴。

   五、if后接否定動詞,用于感嘆句中,表示沮喪、驚奇等。例如:

   I. Well,if I haven’t left my false teeth at home!真倒霉,我把假牙丟在家里了!

   2. And if he didn’t try to knock me down!(What do you think he did!He tried knock me down!)你猜他想做什么?他想把我撞倒!

   六、用于虛擬語氣中,if從句中用過去式,表示不可能實現(xiàn),大概不會實現(xiàn)或提出作為考慮的假定條件。例如:

   1. If you were a bird, you could fly.假使你是只鳥,你便會飛了。

   2. If I asked him(if I were to ask him) for a loan,would he agree?如果我向他借貸,他會答應嗎?

   另外,if從句中用過去完成式,表示過去未實現(xiàn)的條件(例如由于不可能實現(xiàn)或某人之未能實行)。例如:

   1. If they had startedearlier,they would have arrivedin time.要是他們早些動身,他們便可及時到達了。

   2. If they had not started when they did,they would not be here now.如果他們那時不動身,現(xiàn)在他們就不會在此地了。

   第三,在文學體栽中,if有時可省略,然后將主語與所用的限定動詞(尤其是were,had,should)倒置。例如:

   1. Should it (=if it should)be necessary,I will go. 倘若有必要,我會去的。

   2. Were I(=if I were) in your place,I would do the same . 如果我處于你的位置,我也會這樣干的。

   3. Had I(=if I had)known earlier,I would come.如果我早一點知道,我就會來。

   七、if與其它一些介詞的連用。

   首先,as與if連用,它的意思是:“仿佛、好像”同樣引導從句。例如:

   1. It isn’t as if we are rich.(We are not rich.)我們不像富有的樣子。(即我們不富有)

   2. It isn’t as if he doesn’t know the ruler.(i.e.He does know the rulers.)他不像不懂規(guī)則的樣子。(即他懂得規(guī)則)

   另外as if還可以引導感嘆句。例如:

   As if I would allow it!(i.e.I would certainly not allow it!)好像我會答應似的!(我才不會答應哩!)

   其次, if與only連用。常表示愿望或一個未實現(xiàn)的條件,尤其用于感嘆句中。例如:

   1. If only he arrives in time!他若能及時到達就好了!

   2. If only she would marry me!但愿她能嫁給我!

   3. If only she had known about it!(But she didn’t know.) 她那時要是知道(但她不知道)這事就好了!

if是英語中出現(xiàn)頻率很高的連詞,并且它的用法也很多。學生感到很難掌握,為了讓同學們更多更好地了解其用法及其語法功能?,F(xiàn)結合教學中遇到的情況,予以歸納,以供參考。

  

   一、if作為連詞,引導條件狀語從句,它表示的意思是“假如”“如果”等。在復合句中如果主句用將

  來時,則if引導的狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時。例如:

   1. If it doesn’t rain, we will go to the park next Sunday. 如果天不下雨,下周星期天我們將去公園。

   2. If you ask him,he will help you.如果你求他,他將會幫助你。

   二、if還可以引導讓步狀語從句。這時if當作“即使是”,“雖說”解。例如:

   1. If she’s poor,at least she’s honest. 雖說她很窮,但至少她還是誠實的。

   2. If I am wrong,you are wrong, too. 即使說我錯了,那么你也不對。

   3. I’ll do it, even if it takes me all the afternoon. 雖然會花費我一下午的時間,我還是要做這事。

   三、if作為連詞還可以引導賓語從句。引導賓語從句時和whether意思相同。例如:

   1. Lily asked if / whether she liked it. 莉莉問她是否喜歡它。

   2. She asked if / whether they had a cotton one. 她問是否他們有一件棉織的。

   四、if引導時間狀語從句,當if做“當”或“無論何時”解而不含有條件之義時,if從句中的時態(tài)與主句中的時態(tài)相同。例如:

   1. If youmix yellow and blue,you get green.你將黃色與藍色混合,便會得到綠色。

   2. If she wants the servant,she rings the bell.每當她需要仆人時,她便按鈴。

   五、if后接否定動詞,用于感嘆句中,表示沮喪、驚奇等。例如:

   I. Well,if I haven’t left my false teeth at home!真倒霉,我把假牙丟在家里了!

   2. And if he didn’t try to knock me down!(What do you think he did!He tried knock me down!)你猜他想做什么?他想把我撞倒!

   六、用于虛擬語氣中,if從句中用過去式,表示不可能實現(xiàn),大概不會實現(xiàn)或提出作為考慮的假定條件。例如:

   1. If you were a bird, you could fly.假使你是只鳥,你便會飛了。

   2. If I asked him(if I were to ask him) for a loan,would he agree?如果我向他借貸,他會答應嗎?

   另外,if從句中用過去完成式,表示過去未實現(xiàn)的條件(例如由于不可能實現(xiàn)或某人之未能實行)。例如:

   1. If they had startedearlier,they would have arrivedin time.要是他們早些動身,他們便可及時到達了。

   2. If they had not started when they did,they would not be here now.如果他們那時不動身,現(xiàn)在他們就不會在此地了。

   第三,在文學體栽中,if有時可省略,然后將主語與所用的限定動詞(尤其是were,had,should)倒置。例如:

   1. Should it (=if it should)be necessary,I will go. 倘若有必要,我會去的。

   2. Were I(=if I were) in your place,I would do the same . 如果我處于你的位置,我也會這樣干的。

   3. Had I(=if I had)known earlier,I would come.如果我早一點知道,我就會來。

   七、if與其它一些介詞的連用。

   首先,as與if連用,它的意思是:“仿佛、好像”同樣引導從句。例如:

   1. It isn’t as if we are rich.(We are not rich.)我們不像富有的樣子。(即我們不富有)

   2. It isn’t as if he doesn’t know the ruler.(i.e.He does know the rulers.)他不像不懂規(guī)則的樣子。(即他懂得規(guī)則)

   另外as if還可以引導感嘆句。例如:

   As if I would allow it!(i.e.I would certainly not allow it!)好像我會答應似的!(我才不會答應哩!)

   其次, if與only連用。常表示愿望或一個未實現(xiàn)的條件,尤其用于感嘆句中。例如:

   1. If only he arrives in time!他若能及時到達就好了!

   2. If only she would marry me!但愿她能嫁給我!

   3. If only she had known about it!(But she didn’t know.) 她那時要是知道(但她不知道)這事就好了!

回答人的補充   2009-11-07 21:55

O(∩_∩)O~ 這些絕對夠你用了啦

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