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狀語從句講解及練習(xí)


狀語從句的析與練 

   用來修飾主句中的動詞,形容詞或副詞等而充當(dāng)狀語的從句叫做狀語從句。狀語從句常用從屬連詞來引導(dǎo),與主句連接起來。若置于句末,則前面不加逗號。根據(jù)意義和作用,狀語從句可分為時(shí)間原因條件等幾種。下面我們就來分析一下這幾種狀語從句。 

1 時(shí)間狀語從句

   時(shí)間狀語從句常用從屬連詞when, after, until,as soon as, 等來引導(dǎo)。

當(dāng)主句是祈使句或謂語動詞是一般將來時(shí)態(tài)或情態(tài)動詞時(shí),其時(shí)間狀語從句中的謂語動詞常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)表示將來發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。這就是我們常說的“主將從現(xiàn)”。

如:Please call me when you get there. 當(dāng)你到那時(shí),請給我打個(gè)電話。

    Iwill write to you as soon as I arrive in Beijing. 我一到北京就給你寫信。

<溫馨提示> since引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句表示“自從…以來”,從句中的動詞一般表示動作的起點(diǎn),用過去時(shí);而主句的動作延續(xù)的情況則用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。常用的句型為:

    It hasbeen/ is + 一段時(shí)間+ since + 過去時(shí)。

如:I has been/ is three years since we met lasttime.  自從我們上次見面,已經(jīng)三年了。 

2 條件狀語從句

引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的連詞或詞組有:if (如果), unless(除非), as longas(只要)等。如果主句是將來時(shí),條件狀語從句也用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)來表示。

如:I will stay at home if it rainstomorrow.   如果明天下雨,我就待在家。

    Youcan’t learn English well unless you workhard. 

除非你努力學(xué)習(xí),否則是學(xué)不好英語的。

<溫馨提示> 由if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句,若從句表達(dá)的是與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的事實(shí),則常用虛擬語氣,即用過去時(shí)態(tài)表示(如果涉及到be動詞,一律都用were)。此時(shí),主句則用過去將來時(shí)。

如:If I had enough money, I would buy it foryou.  如果我又足夠的錢,我將把它買給你。

    Iwouldn’t do it if I were you.  如果我是你,我是不會做的。 

3 原因狀語從句

because, since, as, for 都可用來引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句,那么它們又有哪些區(qū)別呢?

① because 用來表示“造成某種結(jié)果的直接原因”,語氣較濃,常用來回答why提出的問句。如:

   --- Why are you late?

   --- Because my bike isbroken.

② as 和since用來表示“看的到的或是不說也知道的原因”,since 也可譯作:“既然”。

如:As he is old enough, let him do it.   他既然長大了,就讓他干吧!

    Since hisshoes are worn out, let’s buy him a new pair.

   既然他的鞋壞了,那我們就給他買雙新的吧。

③ for 引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句不置于句首,常用來表示“順便提及的理由”,只是稍帶說明原因,并非強(qiáng)調(diào)。

如:I must stay here, for it’s raining sohard.   我必須得待在這兒,因?yàn)橛晗碌暮艽蟆?/p>

 

   當(dāng)然,除了以上提到的幾種狀語從句之外,我們還學(xué)過由than 引導(dǎo)的比較狀語從句,由so …that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句等。在具體作題時(shí),只要保持清醒地頭腦,仔細(xì)地審題,冷靜的分析,相信會取得好成績!怎么樣,來幾道練習(xí)題挑戰(zhàn)一下吧!  

真題鏈接 

(  )1. You’ll do much better _____ you’re morecareful with your spelling.

      A.if    B.before   C.although   D.unless    (2006陜西)

(  )2. _____ you told me, I heard nothing ofwhat happened.

      A.Until   B.After    C.If    D.Since     (2006 濰坊)

(  )3. I don’t understand the text______ thereare few new words in it.

      A.so   B.because    C.if   D. though   (2006 青島)

(  )4. I sit in the front of the classroom______ I can hear clearly.

      A.so that   B. when  C. inorder   (2006 青海)

(  )5. ---Come and join us,Jimmy!        

       --- I’m sorry, but I ‘m really busy now. If I______time, I would certainly go.

      A.will have   B. havehad   C.had   D.have   (2006 河南)

(  )6. --- Would you please give this messageto Jay when he _________?

       ---Yes, I will.                          

      A.will come   B. wouldcome   C.comes   D. iscoming   (2006 杭州)

(  )7. If you don’t go to the meetingtomorrow,_________.

      A.he will, too   B. he won’t,either      

      C. he does, too    D. hedoesn’t,either     (2006 重慶)

(  )8. ---Did David go to school yesterday?

       ---No, ______he had a bad cold.

      A. because     B.if     C.though     (2006 佛山)

(  )9. Most people ______when the bigearthquake took place in that area.

      A.are sleeping   B. weresleeping   C. slept   D.sleep.  (2006 上海)

(  )10. If _______sunny tomorrow, I________fishing in South Lake.

       A.is, go    B.will be, go   C. is, willgo   D. will be, will go (2006昆明)

 

大顯身手

單項(xiàng)選擇

(  )11.I know nothing about the news _____ myfriend told me yesterday.

       A. because   B.since   C.until   D. after

(  )12. I will tell him if I _______ him.

       A.saw    B. willsee   C.seeing   D. see

(  )13. I am sleepy ______ I didn’t sleep welllast night.

       A.when   B.that   C.because   D. so

(  )14. They won’t be back until thework________.

       A.do   B.does   C. isdone   D. will do

(  )15.--- When will you call me?

       ---I will call you as soon as _______ in Shanghai.

       A. arrive   B.arrives   C.arriving   D. will arrive

(  )16. I’ll go to cinema thisSunday_________.

       A.if it will be sunny    B.if I’m free

       C.when I have no time   D. becauseI’m busy.

(  )17. Don’t worry. I’ll tell Mrs. White_____she comes back.

       A.when   B.how   C.why   D. where

(  )18. _______he studies hard, _______hedoesn’t pass the exam.

       A.Though, but   B. Though,/   C. But,Though   D. But, /

(  )19. It has been two months since I ______myhometown.

       A.leave   B. willleave   C.left   D. have left

(  )20. The coat is ______ expensive _____ Ican’t afford it.

      A. such, that   B. so,but   C. so,that   D. such, that

句型轉(zhuǎn)換

21. Wang Xiao didn’t go to school. She had afever.  (合并為一個(gè)復(fù)合句)

   Wang Xiao didn’t go toschool _________she had a fever.

22. If you don’t study hard, you won’t pass theexam.  (改為同義句)

   You won’t pass the exam_______ you study hard.

23. I am 15. My brother is 13.  (合并為一個(gè)復(fù)合句)

   I am two years older________my brother.

24. It’s raining heavily, but I still go toschool.  (改為同義句)

   I still go to school_________ it’s raining heavily.

25. It is three years since I joined the army. (改為完成時(shí)態(tài))

   I have ________ ________the army for three years.

翻譯句子

26. I will show him the new book as soon as he_______________.  (到這兒來)

27. What will she do when she _____________? (長大)

28. We will go out to play if it _____________tomorrow.  (不下雪)

29. While my mother ____________, someone knocked at thedoor.   (做飯)

30. Turn off the lights before you __________________.(離開教室) 

 

練習(xí)題參考答案

1-5 AADAC   6-10 CBABC     11-15CDCCA     16-20BABCC

21. because    22. unless     23.than     24.though / although     25. beenin

26. comes here   27. growsup  28. doesn’tsnow   29. wascooking   30. leave theclassroom  

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