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來自：《zen things》

這一規(guī)則（還有其他一些后面的規(guī)則）為長期閱讀禪僧習(xí)慣的讀者所熟知。這也是我哲學(xué)的一部分，也是一個(gè)禪僧生活的一部分：單任務(wù)而不一次進(jìn)行多項(xiàng)任務(wù)。當(dāng)你在倒水的時(shí)候就只倒水就可以了。而當(dāng)你吃飯的時(shí)候就只吃飯好了。當(dāng)你洗澡的時(shí)候，就專注于洗澡。不要試著停下一些工作去吃飯或洗澡。禪僧格言：當(dāng)你行走的時(shí)候，專心行走。當(dāng)你吃飯的時(shí)候，專心吃飯。

Do one thing at a time

This rule (and some of the others that follow) will be familiar to long-time Zen Habits readers. It’s part of my philosophy, and it’s also a part of the life of a Zen monk: single-task, don’t multi-task. When you’re pouring water, just pour water. When you’re eating, just eat. When you’re bathing, just bathe. Don’t try to knock off a few tasks while eating or bathing. Zen proverb: “When walking, walk. When eating, eat.”

你可以一次完成一個(gè)任務(wù)，但也可能會(huì)急匆匆的完成它。相反，你不能急，要慢慢來。謹(jǐn)慎地注意你的行動(dòng)，不要太急忙和隨意了。這需要練習(xí)，但他有助于你專注于你的任務(wù)。

Do it slowly and deliberately

You can do one task at a time, but also rush that task. Instead, take your time, and move slowly. Make your actions deliberate, not rushed and random. It takes practice, but it helps you focus on the task.

全心全意關(guān)注你的任務(wù)。不完成目前的任務(wù)不要進(jìn)行下一個(gè)。如果因?yàn)槟承┰蚰悴坏貌蝗プ鰟e的事，至少盡量把沒有完成的放好并整理一下自己。如果你在做三明治，在吃掉它之前你要先把用來做三明治的東西清理好，清掃一下柜臺(tái)，洗干凈做三明治碟子。這樣你就完成了做三明治的工作，你就可以完成專注于下一個(gè)任務(wù)了。

Do it completely

Put your mind completely on the task. Don’t move on to the next task until you’re finished. If, for some reason, you have no choice but to move on to something else, try to at least put away the unfinished task and clean up after yourself. If you prepare a sandwich, don’t start eating it until you’ve put away the stuff you used to prepare it, wiped down the counter, and washed the dishes used for preparation. Then you’re done with that task, and can focus more completely on the next task.

一個(gè)禪僧不會(huì)過一種懶惰的生活：他很早就醒來了而且每天都塞滿了工作。然而，他不會(huì)有一個(gè)無休止的任務(wù)清單——今天他要完成特定的事情，不會(huì)太多。如果你少做，你就能夠更專注地慢慢地、更徹底地做這些事情，如果你把一天用不同的任務(wù)填滿，你就會(huì)急忙地從一件事情到另一件事情，而不會(huì)停下來去想你究竟做了些什么。

Do less 

A Zen monk doesn’t lead a lazy life: he wakes early and has a day filled with work. However, he doesn’t have an unending task list either — there are certain things he’s going to do today, an no more. If you do less, you can do those things more slowly, more completely and with more concentration. If you fill your day with tasks, you will be rushing from one thing to the next without stopping to think about what you do.

跟“少做”原則相關(guān)，但這是管理你的日程表保證你總是有時(shí)間來完成每項(xiàng)任務(wù)的一種方法。不要把事情安排的過于緊密——相反在事情之間留些空間出來。這會(huì)讓你的日程表更輕松，留出空間也可以防止萬一一項(xiàng)任務(wù)花費(fèi)的時(shí)間超過了你的計(jì)劃。

Put space between things. 

Related to the “Do less” rule, but it’s a way of managing your schedule so that you always have time to complete each task. Don’t schedule things close together — instead, leave room between things on your schedule. That gives you a more relaxed schedule, and leaves space in case one task takes longer than you planned.

禪僧們對(duì)于他們做的很多事情都有儀式，從吃飯到清潔到冥想。儀式給人一種重要的感覺——如果事情重要到需要一種儀式，就需要給予你完成的注意，并且慢慢地正確地來完成。你不必學(xué)習(xí)禪僧的儀式——你可以建立你自己的儀式，為食物的準(zhǔn)備、為吃飯、為清潔、為你開始做的事情、為你醒來后做的事情和你上床之前做的事情、為你在鍛煉之前做的事情。是的，為任何你想做的事情建立一種儀式。

Develop rituals

Zen monks have rituals for many things they do, from eating to cleaning to meditation. Ritual gives something a sense of importance — if it’s important enough to have a ritual, it’s important enough to be given your entire attention, and to be done slowly and correctly. You don’t have to learn the Zen monk rituals — you can create your own, for the preparation of food, for eating, for cleaning, for what you do before you start your work, for what you do when you wake up and before you go to bed, for what you do just before exercise. Anything you want, really.

在一天中的特定時(shí)間內(nèi)禪僧是用來完成特定的活動(dòng)的。洗澡的時(shí)間、工作的時(shí)間、清潔的時(shí)間、吃飯的時(shí)間。這可以保證這些事情有規(guī)律地完成。你可以為你自己的活動(dòng)分配時(shí)間，不管是工作或是清潔或是鍛煉或是寧靜的沉思。如果它很重要需要有規(guī)律地來完成，那就考慮為它分配好時(shí)間吧。

Designate time for certain things

There are certain times in the day of a Zen monk designated for certain activities. A time for for bathing, a time for work, a time for cleaning, a time for eating. This ensures that those things get done regularly. You can designate time for your own activities, whether that be work or cleaning or exercise or quiet contemplation. If it’s important enough to do regularly, consider designating a time for it.

在禪僧的一生中，禪宗打坐是他每天最重要的部分之一。每天，有專門分配用來打坐的時(shí)間。這種沉思確實(shí)是學(xué)習(xí)活在當(dāng)下的練習(xí)。你可以花些時(shí)間來靜坐冥想，或做我所做的：我以跑步做為活在當(dāng)下的一種鍛煉。同樣地，你可以采用任何活動(dòng)，只要你你經(jīng)常地去做并練習(xí)活在當(dāng)下。

Devote time to sitting

In the life of a Zen monk, sitting meditation (zazen) is one of the most important parts of his day. Each day, there is time designated just for sitting. This meditation is really practice for learning to be present. You can devote time for sitting meditation, or do what I do: I use running as a way to practice being in the moment. You could use any activity in the same way, as long as you do it regularly and practice being present.

禪僧把他們每天中的部分時(shí)間用來服務(wù)他人，不管是寺院里的其他禪僧還是外面世界里的人們。這教會(huì)了他們謙遜，確保他們的生活不單單是自私的，也是為了奉獻(xiàn)他人的。如果你是一個(gè)家長，可能你已經(jīng)至少在家庭中為服務(wù)別人花了些時(shí)間，而不是家長的人們也許也做了這些。類似地，微笑并與人為善是改善你周圍人生活的一種很好的方法。也可以考慮志愿參加慈善工作。

Smile and serve others

Zen monks spend part of their day in service to others, whether that be other monks in the monastery or people on the outside world. It teaches them humility, and ensures that their lives are not just selfish, but devoted to others. If you’re a parent, it’s likely you already spend at least some time in service to others in your household, and non-parents may already do this too. Similarly, smiling and being kind to others can be a great way to improve the lives of those around you. Also consider volunteering for charity work.

除了上面提到的打坐以外，清潔和烹飪也是禪僧每天最榮耀的部分。他們都是練習(xí)專注力的好方式，可以是每天進(jìn)行的很好的儀式。如果烹飪和清潔對(duì)你來說似乎煩瑣的雜務(wù)，試著用冥想的方式來完成它們。全心全意做這些工作，集中注意、慢慢地、徹底地做這些事情。這會(huì)改變你的一天（同時(shí)也給你一間干凈的房間）。

Make cleaning and cooking become meditation

Aside from the zazen mentioned above, cooking and cleaning are to of the most exalted parts of a Zen monk’s day. They are both great ways to practice mindfulness, and can be great rituals performed each day. If cooking and cleaning seem like boring chores to you, try doing them as a form of meditation. Put your entire mind into those tasks, concentrate, and do them slowly and completely. It could change your entire day (as well as leave you with a cleaner house).

在禪僧的生活中基本上都是必須的要做的。他沒有充滿鞋子的衣柜或最新的時(shí)尚衣服。他沒有冰箱和櫥柜來存放垃圾食物。他沒有最新的小玩意、汽車、電視或蘋果音樂播放器。他有保暖的衣物、有避雨的房屋、必須的器具、不可少的工具和充饑的食物（他們吃的很簡單，素餐通常有大米、味噌湯、蔬菜和泡菜組成）。

現(xiàn)在，我的意思不是說你應(yīng)該完成像禪僧一樣生活——我也沒有這樣做。但這確實(shí)提醒我們?cè)谖覀兊纳钪杏泻芏嗍虑槭菦]有必要的。思考我們真正需要的是什么，考慮擁那些不必要的東西是否對(duì)我們真的重要，這對(duì)我們是有用的。

Think about what is necessary

There is little in a Zen monk’s life that isn’t necessary. He doesn’t have a closet full of shoes, or the latest in trendy clothes. He doesn’t have a refrigerator and cabinets full of junk food. He doesn’t have the latest gadgets, cars, televisions, or iPod. He has basic clothing, basic shelter, basic utensils, basic tools, and the most basic food (they eat simple, vegetarian meals consisting usually of rice, miso soup, vegetables, and pickled vegetables). Now, I’m not saying you should live exactly like a Zen monk — I certainly don’t. But it does serve as a reminder that there is much in our lives that aren’t necessary, and it can be useful to give some thought about what we really need, and whether it is important to have all the stuff we have that’s not necessary.

每11條原則——如果某些事情不是必須的——的推論，那么沒有他們你也可以生活。所以簡單生活就是盡可能地處理掉那些沒有必要的和不重要的東西，為重要的東西留存空間。而什么是重要的是因人而異的。對(duì)我來說，家庭、寫作、跑步和閱讀是重要的。對(duì)其他人來說，也許護(hù)理和志愿工作、做禮拜和收集連環(huán)畫是重要的。沒有什么定律來規(guī)定對(duì)你來說什么應(yīng)該重要的——但你應(yīng)該考慮什么是你生命中最為重要的，通過去除不是那么重要的事情為你生命中重要的事情留出空間來。

Live simply

The corollary of Rule 11 is that if something isn’t necessary, you can probably live without it. And so to live simply is to rid your life of as many of the unnecessary and unessential things as you can, to make room for the essential. Now, what is essential will be different to each person. For me, my family, my writing, my running and my reading are essential. To others, yoga and spending time with close friends might be essential. For others it will be nursing and volunteering and going to church and collecting comic books. There is no law saying what should be essential for you — but you should consider what is most important to your life, and make room for that by eliminating the other less essential things in your life.