1. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)的構(gòu)成:
1) 肯定句:主語(yǔ)+V(p)(動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式)。
主語(yǔ)+was/were+表語(yǔ)。
例:I had a word with Julia this morning.
今天早晨,我跟朱麗亞說(shuō)了幾句話。
You were absent from school two days ago.
你兩天前沒(méi)來(lái)學(xué)校.
2) 否定句:主語(yǔ)+didn’t +V(動(dòng)詞原形)。
主語(yǔ)+wasn’t/weren’t+表語(yǔ)。
例:He didn’t have classes this morning.
他今天上午沒(méi)上課。
She wasn't in Grade 1 last year.
她不是去年上1年級(jí)。
3) 一般疑問(wèn)句:Did+主語(yǔ)+V(動(dòng)詞原形)?
Was/Were+主語(yǔ)+表語(yǔ)?
例: Did you tell him the truth?
你告訴他真相了嗎?
Was she in Grade 1 last year?
她去年上一嗎?
4) 特殊疑問(wèn)句:疑問(wèn)詞+did+主語(yǔ)+V(動(dòng)詞原形)?
一般疑問(wèn)句
疑問(wèn)詞+was/were+主語(yǔ)?
一般疑問(wèn)句
例: What did you do during the last summer vocation?
你去年暑假做了什么?
How old was she then?
她當(dāng)時(shí)多少歲了?
2. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)的基本用法:
1)過(guò)去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。如:
Who pointed out the mistake?
誰(shuí)指出了這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤?
2)過(guò)去經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。
He will never be what he used to be.
他永遠(yuǎn)也不會(huì)象以前那個(gè)樣子了。
3)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式如: could, would, should, might可用于現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)表示一種委婉的語(yǔ)氣。如:
Could you lend me your book?
你可以借我你的書(shū)嗎?
Would you like a cup of tea?
你要喝咖啡嗎?
What should I do now?
現(xiàn)在我該干些什么?
4)表示過(guò)去經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作也可用 used to或 would+動(dòng)詞原
形,如:
He is no Longer what he used to be.
他已經(jīng)不再是他過(guò)去的樣子了。
He used to walk after supper,didn’t he?
他過(guò)去常常在晚飯后散步,是嗎?
I would tell him the great changes when I was in his home.
當(dāng)我在他家的時(shí)候我常常給他講那些巨大的變化。
5)一般過(guò)去時(shí)常用的狀語(yǔ)有如: yesterday,in1960, two years
ago, last week等。如:
He fell ill yesterday.
We had a good time last Sunday.
She got up early when she was young.
3. 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式變化規(guī)則:
1) 一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加-ed
如:pull-pulled ;cook-cooked ;want-wanted ;wash-washed; play-played
2) 結(jié)尾是e加d
如:taste-tasted ; love-loved; like-liked; hope-hoped ; dance-danced
3) 末尾只有一個(gè)元音字母加一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié),應(yīng)雙寫(xiě)末尾的輔音字母,再加-ed
如:stop-stopped; plan-planned
4) 以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的,變y為i, 再加-ed
如:study-studied; cry-cried ; copy-copied
5) 不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式
如:am/is-was; are-were; do-did ; see-saw; say-said; give-gave; get-got ; go-went; come-came ; have-had; eat-ate等。
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