感嘆句
感嘆句的定義
表示說話時的驚異、喜悅、氣憤等情緒,句尾有驚嘆號“!”,讀時用降調(diào),在口語中常用省略句,有時只用一個詞或詞組。如:Great! How cold!
一.What與how型感嘆句
1.結(jié)構(gòu)
感嘆句結(jié)構(gòu)
2.用法
1) 感嘆部分是名詞性短語,即:(a/an)+形容詞+名詞,感嘆詞用what。
① What +a(an)+(形容詞)+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語!例如:
What a fine day it is today!今天天氣真好!
What a strong wind it is!
What an interesting story it is!
What a clever boy he is!
② What+a/an/the+名詞
What a fool!真是個傻瓜!
What a pity!真是遺憾!
What the heck/dickens?。阒v的)什么玩意啊!
3) What+(形容詞)+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+……!例如:
What good students they are!他們真是好學生!
What wonderful ideas (we have)!
What funny stories!多么好笑的故事!
④ What+(形容詞)+不可數(shù)名詞+……!例如:
What bad weather we are having!今天的天氣真糟糕!
What beautiful flowers they are!
What noise they are making!
What cold weather it is!
What bad weather it is!
What terrible luck!太不走運了!
⑤What+名詞
What luck!多幸運啊! What fun!多么好玩?。?/p>
2) 感嘆部分是形容詞、副詞,感嘆詞用how。
①How+形容詞
How lovely!多可愛??!
How nice!多好啊!
How kind of you!您好客氣!
②How+形容詞+主語+謂語
How tall she is!她個子多高??!
How fond he was of it!他多么喜歡它??!
③How+副詞+主語+謂語
How well George writes!喬治寫得多好??!
How beautifully she sings!她唱歌唱得多美?。?/p>
④How+主語+謂語
How he ran!他跑得多快??!
How they shout!他們叫喊得多厲害呀!
⑤How+形容詞(+名詞)+謂語+主語
How strange and impressive was life!人生是多么奇妙動人?。?/p>
How precise and thorough are her observations!她的觀察是多么準確和透徹?。?/p>
For how many years have I waited!我等了多少年呀!
How good an example he set for us!他給我們樹立了多么好的榜樣!
注:
1)謂語動詞如是連系動詞,則how修飾形容詞。如:
How careful the boy is!
How cold it is today!今天真冷??!
How clever a boy he is!
2)謂語動詞如是行為動詞,則how修飾副詞。如:
How carefully the boy is writing!
How fast they are running !他們跑得真快!
How lovely the baby is!
感嘆句口訣:
感嘆句,要記牢,
what與how少不了;
感嘆名詞用what,
感嘆形、副必用how;
感嘆讀句用降調(diào),
句末嘆號莫忘掉。
二.其它類型的感嘆句
1.感嘆詞(以及副詞、形容詞)表示的感嘆句:
Alas!哎呀! Oh!??!哦!哎喲!
Well!好啦! Why!什么(話)!嗯!豈有此理!好好!
Excellent!好極了!
2.短語表示的感嘆句:
Dear me!哎呀! Great Heavens!天哪!
My goodness!哎呀!
None of your nonsense!不要胡扯了!
3.從句表示的感嘆句:
As if it were my fault!好像是我的過錯似的!
To think a scandal of this sort should be going on under my roof!
真想不到這種丑事竟然出在我們家里!
4.表語表示的感嘆句:
Just my luck!唉,又倒霉了!
Sorry,my mistake!對不起,是我的錯!
5.such用于感嘆句的句型:
We have had such sport!我們玩得好極了!
6.肯定的修辭問句表示的感嘆句:
Am I tired?。ǎ?I’m extremely tired.)我累極了!
Can he run?。ǎ紿e can run exceptionally well.)他真會跑!
Was she angry?。ǎ絪he was very angry indeed.)她氣極了!
Did he look annoyed!他看來很煩惱!
Has she grown!她長大了!
7.否定的修辭問句表示的感嘆句:
Aren’t they sweet!(=They are very sweet.)他們多可愛?。?/p>
Isn’t he fast?。?He’s extremely fast.)他還不快嗎!
Wasn’t it a marvelous concert?。?It was a marvelous concert,wasn’t it?)那是一次極好的音樂會,不是嗎?
8.Here/There開頭的感嘆句:
1) Here/There+主語(代詞)+謂語
Here he comes!他來啦!
2) Here/There+謂語+主語(名詞)
Here comes the bride!新娘來啦!
9.副詞(Off/Away/In)+謂語+主語(名詞/不定代詞):
Off they went!別人都進來了!
10.反語感嘆句(echo exclamation)
由于對對方所說的話表示驚訝、反對、厭惡等,因而重復(fù)他話語的一部分或全句,這樣構(gòu)成的感嘆句為反語感嘆句。
—I have lived here for twenty years.—Twenty years!That’s a long time.
“我在這里住了20年。”“20年,可不短啦!”
—Have you ever been to Paris?—Been to Paris!I’ll say I have!“你到過巴黎嗎?”“到過巴黎!當然到過!”
—Open the door,please.—Open the door!Do you take me for the doorman?“開門!”“你當我是看門的嗎?”
11.帶有強烈感情的語調(diào)說出的陳述句、疑問句和祈使句變成的感嘆句(書面語,句末用感嘆號):
Could one have believed it!誰肯相信這個!
Don’t you say that again!你可不要再說那個了!
12.If only表達愿望時,常為感嘆句:
If only I’d known!我早知道就好了!
If only I could have my life over again!我要是再有一次生命就好了!
13.習慣上,一個表達強烈感情的句法不完整的句子可用作感嘆句:
You told!你說的!
An ice cube!一個冰塊!
Even worse!更加糟糕!
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