中考基礎知識精講 |
|
一.知識網(wǎng)絡 【重點內容概要】 1.形容詞、副詞的比較級和最高級的基本用法以及比較級和最高級的規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化。 2.理解和運用一般講來時be going to的用法。 3.提建議的表達方法及答語。 4.表示需要和詢問對方和向對方提出建議。 5.一般過去時及其一般疑問句的回答。 6.反義疑問句。 7.介詞in, on, at的用法。 8.There be結構的一般過去時態(tài)。 9.一般講來時will的用法。 10.感嘆句。 11.邀請和應答;打電話;談論天氣、季節(jié);請求許可。 【句型、詞組精講】 1. May I have a piece of paper, please? 請問,能給我一張紙嗎? May I…? 是表示請求對方許可的句型,多用于較正式的場合。 這個句型的肯定回答:(1) Yes, please (2) Certainly. (3) Of course. (4) Sure. (5) That’s OK/all right. (6) Yes, you may /can. 等。 否定回答是:(1) No, you can t. (2) Certainly not. (3) Of course not. 也可婉轉地回答:I’m sorry, but …或: I’m afraid not. 如: —May I borrow your bike ,please ? 我可以借你的自行車嗎? —Certainly! Here you are. (Sorry .I’m using it. )當然可以!給你。(對不起,我正用著。) 2. Don’t you usually come to school by bike? 難道你通常不是騎自行車上學嗎? 這是否定疑問句,常用來表示責怪、驚奇、建議等,可譯成“難道不……嗎?”回答時若事實是肯定的用Yes (不),若事實是否定的則用No(是),注意不要受漢語的干擾。如: —Aren’t you a student? 難道你不是個學生嗎? —Yes, I am.. (No, I’m not.) 不,我是。(是的,我不是。) 3. And the air today is nice and clean. 今天的空氣很清新。 Nice and 在英語中是個固定結構,意為“很”、“十分”,相當于very 或quite, 其后接形容詞或副詞,用于加強語氣。如: The child is nice and strong .這孩子很強壯。 4. few/a few/little/a little few ,a few 用于代替或修飾可數(shù)名詞; little, a little 用于代替或修飾不可數(shù)名詞。 a few 和a little 的意思是肯定的,表示“一些;有一點兒”; few 和little 的意思是否定的,表示“很少、幾乎沒有”。 5. Why not? 為什么不呢? “Why not+動詞原形?”雖然形式上是否定的,但它所表達的含義是肯定的,常用來表示一種建議,語氣比較委婉、客氣。此句型可看作是“Why don’t you…?”的省略式。如: Why not have a swim now? (=Why don’t you have a swim now?)為什么現(xiàn)在不游泳呢? 6. It’s time for class. 該上課了。 “It’s time for…” 和“It’s time to…” 這兩個句型都表示“該……了”或“是……的時候了”。for 后接名詞、代詞或動詞的ing形式, to 后接動詞。如: 7. What about a quarter past two? 兩點一刻怎么樣? What about……? (=How about……?)意為“(你認為) ……怎么樣?“常用于征求意見、詢問情況或提出建議。后接名詞、代詞或動名詞。 8. Shall we go to the park? 我們去公園去嗎? Shall I (we) ……? 表示建議征求對方意見,意為“我(們) ……好嗎? 肯定回答多用:(1)Good idea. (2) All right. (3) OK. (4) Yes, please. 等。 否定回答多用:(1)No, thanks. (2) No, please don’t. (3) No, I don’t think……等。如: —Shall I open the window? 我打開窗戶好嗎? —No, thanks. (All right.) 不用,謝謝。(好吧。) 9. Let’s make it a little earlier. 讓我們早一點吧! (1)Let’s……是提建議的一種句式,意思是“讓我們……”,Let’s 后接動詞原形。 肯定回答用Ok! 或All right !等; 否定回答則用No, let’s……. (2)Make it 是習慣用語,it 在這里表示“規(guī)定時間”。如: Let’s make it half past six. 讓我們定在六點半吧。 10. in front of/in the front of in front of 意為“在(物體之外的)前邊”,而in the front of 意為“在(物體本身的)前部。“表示“在某人前面”要用in front of sb . 11. They must keep their hands behind their backs .The other students in the class keep their eyes closed.他們必須把手一直放在背后。班上的其它學生一直閉著眼睛。 “keep +賓語+賓補”意為“使…保持某種狀態(tài)”。 其形式有: (1) keep +賓補+形容詞; (2) keep +賓語+動詞ing 形式; (3) keep +賓語+介詞短語; (4) keep +賓語+副詞。如:He kept me waiting for an hour .他讓我等了一個小時。 12. The eraser goes from one student to another—first one way, then another. 橡皮從一個學生手里傳到另一個學生手里——先從這邊傳過去,然后再從那邊傳過來。 (1) from…to…從……到:……,通常與基數(shù)詞或表示時間、地點的名詞以及抽象名詞連用。 They go to school from Monday to Friday. 他們從這星期一到星期五去上學。 (2) one…another…一個……另一個……,一個……又一個(總數(shù)是三個以上) (3) first……then……先……后…… 13. find/findout/look for find通常指發(fā)現(xiàn)、找到有形的東西,也可指偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)某物或某種情況; find out意為“找到”、“查出”,多指通過探索、觀察而發(fā)現(xiàn),通常帶有“經(jīng)過困難曲折的涵義”; look for則指“尋找”的過程。 14. You’d better ask that policeman over there. 你最好問問那邊的那個警察。 had better為習慣用語,相當于一個情態(tài)動詞。had better意為“最好”,后接動詞原形,指現(xiàn)在或將來,用于向對方提出建議或勸告。 其否定形式為had better not+動詞原形。如: You’d better not stay there too long. 你最好別在那里逗留太久。 15. We live in a place called Gum Tree. 我們住在一個叫桉樹鎮(zhèn)的地方。 a place called…=a place named…=a place with the name…名叫……的地方,called是過去分詞,給前面的名詞作定語。如:a boy called Tom一個名叫湯姆的男孩。 16. I hope he’s better tomorrow. 我希望他明天會好些。 hope是及物動詞,意為“希望”,其后可接動詞不定式或賓語從句。如: He hope to go shopping with us. 他希望和我們一起去買東西。 表示“希望某人做某事”不可用hope sb. to do sth. 而要用hope +(that)從句。 如:我希望你來。 誤:I hope you to come. 正:I hope (that) you will come. 17. Is watching TV too much good or bad for your health? 過多的看電視對你的身體有害還是有益呢? (1) be good (bad) for表示“對……有好(害)處”;be good (bad) to表示“等……好(不好)”;be good at意為“擅長……”,“在……方面做得很好”,相當于do well in。 如:She’s very good to us. 她等我們很好。 Some are very good at boating. 有些人擅長劃船。 (2) too much表示“過多”、“太多”,在句中可作賓、定、表或狀語;而much too表示“太”、“過分”,修飾形容詞或副詞,作狀語。如: Eating too much is bad for your health. 吃得太多對你的身體有害。 This question us much too difficult. 這個問題太難了。 18. how long/how often how long意為“多久”、“多長”,用于提問時間或距離的長短。如: How long were you away last year? 去年你缺席多長時間? How long is the Great Wall? 長城有多長? how often意為“每隔多久,每隔多長時間”?;卮鸨硎境潭鹊念l度副詞有sometimes, always, usually, never等或once a week, three times a month等。如: How often do you go to see your mother? 你每隔多長時間去看你的母親? 此外,how far意為“多遠”(對距離提問); how old“多大”(對年齡提問); how many“多少”(對不可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量提問)。 19. What’s wrong with sb/ sth.? 用于詢問某人或某物“怎么了?”或“某物出了什么毛???”。 如:What’s wrong with your watch? 你的手表出了什么毛??? 20. But we need some more. 但我們還需要再準備些。 more表示“另外的、更多的、附加的”之意,可起代詞或形容詞作用。其前還可以再加some, a little, much, many, a few等修飾語。如: Would you like a little more tea? 你要不要再喝點茶? 當more前有數(shù)詞時,more和another可進行改寫。如: I wrote two more letters to her. 我又給她寫了兩封信。(I wrote another two letters to her.) 【語法精講】 一般過去時 一、一般過去時的形式 1.動詞be的一般過去時態(tài)的形式有兩種,即was, were。was用于第一、三人稱單數(shù),were用于第一、三人稱復數(shù)和第二人稱單、復數(shù)。You were we were they were 2.行為動詞一般過去時態(tài)的形式:動詞的過去式,沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。 二、一般過去時的用法 1.表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài),即“一次性的過去動作”。如: They enjoyed themselves last Sunday. 他們上周日玩得很高興。 I was busy yesterday. 昨天我很忙。 2.表示過去經(jīng)常或反復發(fā)生的動作。如: We often walked in the evening when we lived in the country last summer. 去年夏天我們住在農村,傍晚常出去散步。 三、一般過去時的時間狀語 1.由副詞yesterday或由yesterday開頭構成的短語:yesterday morning/ afternoon等。如:Where did you go yesterday? 昨天你去哪兒了? 2.由“last+表時間的名詞”構成的短語:last week, last year等。如:I received two letters from my home last month. 上個月我收到兩封家信。 3.由“時間段+ago”構成的短語:a moment ago, an hour ago等。如:They left two hours ago. 他們兩小時以前離開了。 4.由“介詞+時間名詞”構成的短語:in 1998, on Monday, on April 12等。如:Napoleon did in 1821. 拿破侖死于1821年。 5.其它詞或詞組:then, just now等。如: The scientists lived in China then. 當時這些科學家住在中國?! ?/p> 將來時表示法 一般將來時表示在將來某個時間要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。表示“將來”的句式很多,常用的句式及用法歸納如下: 一、be going to+動詞原形(專題與will的區(qū)別) 1.這種結構表示主體現(xiàn)在打算在最近或將來要做某事。這種打算往往是事先考慮好的。如: My brother is going to learn English next year. 我哥哥準備明年學英語。 I am going to meet Tom at the station at six. 我六點鐘要到火車站去接湯姆。 2.這種結構還可以表示說話人根據(jù)已有的跡象認為非??赡芗磳l(fā)生某事。如: Look at these black clouds——it is going to rain. 看這些烏云——要下雨了。 I’m afraid I’m going to have a bad cold. 恐怕我要得重感冒了。 注意: 1. 如果be going to后接的是形容詞或副詞(there)時,其后應加上be,然后再接形容詞或副詞。如:I’m going to be busy this Sunday. 這個星期天我很忙 2. there be句型也可用于這種句型中,但there不能和have連用。如:There is going to be an English film this evening. 今天晚上有一場英文電影。 二、shall/ will+動詞原形。在書面語中,第一人稱常用shall, 但在口語中,所有人稱都可用will. 1.will/ shall均可表示單純的將來。如:The radio says it will be cloudy tomorrow. 收音機報道明天多云。 2.表示預料中將要發(fā)生的動作或情況。如:You’ll feel better after having this medicine. 吃了這藥,你就會感到好些的。 3.will表示人的主觀意愿,它帶有濃厚的感情色彩。如:Come earlier tomorrow, or I won’t let you in. 明天早點兒來,否則我不讓你進來。 4.在問對方是否愿意或表示客氣的邀請或命令時,常用will。如:Will you go to see a film with us? 你愿意和我們一起去看電影嗎? 5.shall表示建議或征求對方的意見。如:Shall we go at eight? 我們八點去好嗎? 6.表示不以人們的意志為轉移的規(guī)律。如:He is fourteen this year, and he will be fifteen next year. 他今年十四歲,明年十五歲。 三、come, go, leave, fly, begin, arrive等表示位置轉移的動詞用現(xiàn)在時行時表示將來的動作。如: Mr. Li says he is leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 李先生說他明天將去北京。 The sports meeting is beginning at three this afternoon. 運動會將于今天下午三點開始。 四、在條件、時間狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來的動作。如: If it doesn’t rain, they will climb a hill tomorrow. 如果明天不下雨,他們將去爬山。 I’ll write to you as soon as I arrive home. 我一到家就給你寫信?! ?/p> 五、come, go, start, leave等動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時也可以表示將來,它是用來根據(jù)規(guī)定或時刻表示一定會發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)。與現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)一樣,一般現(xiàn)在時主要用于往返動作。如: The train leaves at two o’clock p.m. 火車下午兩點鐘開?! ?/p> The new term starts at the beginning of September. 新學期將于九月初開始。 注:表示往返和位置轉移動詞的一般現(xiàn)在時和現(xiàn)在進行時都可以表示按計劃安排將要發(fā)生的事,但一般現(xiàn)在時表示“不可改變或不可隨便更改的事件或計劃”,所以常用于時刻表;而現(xiàn)在進行時表示將來“按計劃安排的事可能會改變”。 六、用“情態(tài)動詞+動詞原形”也可表示將來。這種形式一般用于比較明顯的表示將來的時間狀語的句子中。如:You must get up early tomorrow. 你明天必須得早起。 七、用“has better+動詞原形”也可以表示將來。如:You’d better go to see your sister next week. 下周你最好去看看你妹妹。 使用比較等級應注意的事項 1.注意錯用比較等級的構成。 1)他比我走得慢。 誤:He walks slowlier than I. 正:He walks more slowly than I. 有些雙音節(jié)形容詞(副詞),可在詞尾加-r(-er), -st(-est)構成比較級和最高級。如:happy, dirty, clever等。但以“ly”結尾的副詞,除了early外多在其前加more, most構成比較級和最高級。 2)游泳是我最喜愛的運動。 誤:Swimming is my most favourite. 正:Swimming is my favourite sport. 有些形容詞,本身表示的程度就已達到“極限”,或者無法再比較,所以沒有比較等級形式。再如:full, empty, whole, afraid, round, living, dead等。 2.注意比較對象前后的一致。 比較級中,比較的雙方必須是同一類的人或事物,非同類的事物是不能進行比較的。如: 我的自行車比你的自行車便宜。 誤:My bike is cheaper than you. 正:My bike is cheaper than yours 在比較級中,比較的雙方雖屬同類,但相比較的事物為了避免重復,than后面的比較對象常用that,one, those或ones代替前面出現(xiàn)的比較對象。如: 北京的冬天比上海冷。 誤:In winter, the weather of Beijing is colder than it of Shanghai. 正:In winter, the weather of Beijing is colder than that of Shanghai. 3.注意比較范圍中的“包括”與“不包括”。 在同一范圍內比較時,必須把主體排除在被比較的對象之外。如: 吉姆比班里的其他任何學生都高。 誤:Jim is taller than any students in his class. 正:Jim is taller than any other student in his class. 4.注意比較級、最高級前定冠詞the的使用?! ?/p> 形容詞比較級前一般不用定冠詞,但句中若有“of the two”結構,表示兩者“較……的一個”時,要加定冠詞the。如:He is the taller of the two. 他是兩人中個子較高的一位。 5.注意比較等級前修飾詞的使用?! ?/p> 比較級前不可用very, quite, too等詞來修飾,但可以用表示比較程度的much, a little, a bit, even, still等副詞來修飾。如: This book is much thicker than that one. 這本書比那本書厚得多。 Yesterday was a little colder than today. 昨天比今天有點冷。 另外,名詞短語也可修飾比較級,說明程度。如:I’m three years other than he. 我比他大三歲。 二.考試熱點 1.一般將來時be going to的用法,通過對話詢問對方的計劃、打算,并提出各種建議,學會提建議的表達方法。 2.形容詞的比較級和最高級以及它們之間的句型轉換,能修飾比較級的詞。 3.在交際運用中考查表計劃、打算、詢問及建議的用法。 4.一般過去時。 5.各種情況的翻譯疑問句。 6.邀請、請求許可、打電話及寫電話留言和談論天氣。 主要考查題型:選擇填空,句型轉換題,口語運用題,書面表達題。 三.重、難點突破 1.比較級用于兩者間的比較;有比較連詞’than則要用比較級。在運用比較級時應注意以下幾方面:1)alittle,abit,much,even,still可以修飾比較級;以加強語氣,而very不能修飾比較級。2)進行比較時,要注意比較的對象、比較的范圍是否一致。 2.最高級用于三者或三者以上的比較,一般有in...或of...,among...之類的詞。形容詞最高級前應帶the,而副詞最高級前的the可省略。 3.最高級和比較級常進行轉換。最常見的轉換句式是:最高級轉為比較級,即“...than any other..."結構。 4.提建議的常用句式: (1) 用“Shall we/I...?”句型。其意思是“…...好嗎?”主要用于提出某種建議或征求對方意見,多用于第一人稱。常用Good idea回答。 (2) 用"Let ’s+動詞原形”句型。在表示“建議”時包括對方在內,意為‘‘咱們......吧!”有時還可以在句尾加上"Shall we?”通常用OK回答。 (3) 用“Why not+動詞原形”句型。意為“為什么不......?"它常用All right回答。 (4) 用“had better+動詞原形”句型。其意是“最好......”,表建議或勸告。 (5) 用“How/What about + doing/名詞”句型。 5.一般過去時是非常重要的一個時態(tài),在書面表達中,使用很廣。一般過去時的運用要掌握其構成和常用時間狀語。它的構成可分為兩種情況: 1)主語+謂語be(was/were)+其他。其否定和疑問的構成分別為:主語+was not/were not+其他。Was/Were+主語+其他? 2)主語+行為動詞/連系動詞的過去式+其他。其否定和疑問的構成分別為:主語+did not(didn’t)+謂語動詞的原形+其他,Did+主語+謂語動詞的原形+其他?此處關鍵是謂語動詞要用原形。 動詞變過去式,有規(guī)則動詞和不規(guī)則動詞之分,需要區(qū)分牢記。 常見的過去時間狀語有:yesterday,last+時間名詞,時間段+ago等。 6.關于be going to與will。 這兩者都表示將來,be going to常用來表示打算,計劃、決定要做的事情或根據(jù)某些現(xiàn)象或征兆預測即將發(fā)生的事。在表示意圖或即將發(fā)生某事時可與will互用,但下列情況常用will或shall而不用be going to。 1)表帶意愿色彩的將采。 2)問對方是否愿意,或表示客氣的邀請或命令。 3)表示建議或征求意見。 7.反意疑問句。反意疑問句是在陳述句后面加上一個簡短的附加問句。其用法如下: 1)若前面的陳述句是肯定式,后面的附加問句用否定形式,反之,要用肯定式。簡言之,前肯,后否:前否,后肯;前名(詞)后代(相應代詞);前代后代,時態(tài)一致。若陳述部分為there be句型,其后部分要用there。 2)當反意疑問句的陳述部分含有few,little no, never,hardly等詞時,附加部分要用肯定式。 3)對于反意疑問句的回答,要根據(jù)實際情況回答,若事實是肯定的,要用yes,事實是否定的,要用no,在譯成漢語時要注意。如: There is no water on the moon,is there?月亮上沒有水,是嗎? No,there isn’t.是的,沒有。(注:月亮上沒有水是事實,故不能回答為Yes,there is.) 4)祈使句的反意疑問句除Let’s...,shall we?外,其余的附加問句均為will、you。 8. 感嘆句, 感嘆句根據(jù)感嘆部分可分為兩種類型: 1)How+形容詞+主語+be!或How+副詞+主語+動詞! 2)What a/an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主+謂!或What+ 形容詞+復數(shù)名詞(或不可數(shù)名詞)+主+謂! 9.交際用語項目 1) Could I speak to...,please? 是打電話常用語,若接電話的是所找之人時,用This is...speaking或to..speaking或Speaking。若接電話不是本人時,可以說Sorry,he/she is out。或Hold on a moment,please。/One moment,please。 2) Is that...? 或Is that...speaking?是在電話上詢問對方是誰。 3) Would you like to...?是邀請別人。同意即以I d like to回答。若不能應允,則可以用I d like to,but...婉拒。 4)在表示對別人答謝時,常用如下的答謝語: ①That’s all right.②That’s OK.③It’s a pleasure.④With pleasure。⑤It’s my pleasure.⑥Not at all.⑦You re Welcome 四.典型例題 【例1】There is going to ______ a sports meeting in our school next week. A. be B. have C. open D. hold 分析 此題考查學生句子中的詞語搭配。“舉行運動會”為hold a sports meeting, 但句中有“there”一詞,決定要用there be句型,表示“某時有……”,雖然have也有“有”的含義,但它是“(某人/某物)有”故本題答案為A。 【例2】Of all the shoes in your shop, is this pair ______ one? A. very good B. much better C. a cheaper D. the cheapest 分析 此題考查學生形容詞比較等級的用法。因為句中有“Of all the shoes”這個表示最高級的范圍的短語,所以答案應選D。 【例3】選出與句中劃線部分意思相同或相近的詞或短語。 1) — Shall we meet at eight? —Let s make it a quarter earlier, A. ten minutes B. fifteen minutes C. half an hour D. an hour 2) He’s going to London by air. A. by plane B. by ship C. by car D. by train 分析 此題考查學生對英語詞匯的理解。a quarter“一刻”就是十五分鐘fifteen minutes。 by air就是乘飛機by plane, 所以兩題答案為B和A。 【例4】______ I open the window? It s so warm here. A. Must B. Will C. Shall D. Would 分析 此題考查學生對助動詞、情態(tài)動詞的理解。will, shall, would都有征求對方意見之意,語氣都很委婉、客氣,但它們接的人稱代詞不同。will, would常接第二人稱you, shall接第一人稱I和we。故此題答案選C。 【例5】He doesn’t know _____ English because he has studied it for only ______ weeks. A. much, a few B. little, few C. few, a little D. a few, a little 分析 此題考查學生對little/ a little, few / a few的理解。a little/ little修飾不可數(shù)名詞,a few/ few修飾可數(shù)名詞。而a little, a few表示“有點,少數(shù)幾個”,在句中有肯定含義;little/ few表示“少數(shù)”,“幾乎沒有”在句中有否定含義。此題中English是不可數(shù)名詞,weeks是可數(shù)名詞,所以答案為A。 【例6】改寫句子。 We have a class meeting once a week. _______ _______ do you have a class meeting? 分析 此題考查學生對疑問詞的正確理解和運用。once a week“一周一次”,表示動作的頻率次數(shù),而how often正是針對動作的頻率、次數(shù)提問的疑問詞,故該兩空格填How often。 【例7】Peter collected some old coins two years ago. (改為否定句) Peter ______ collect ______ old coins two years ago. 分析 此題考查學生對一般過去時句型的轉換。一般過去時的句子在改一般疑問句和否定句時要借助動詞did,而且句中的some在否定句中要改為any,所以兩空應填出didn’t, any。 【例8】Eating more vegetables will keep you ______ . A. health B. fat C. weak D. healthy 分析 此題考查學生對語句的理解及keep一詞的用法。“多吃青菜”不會使人“胖”或“體弱”,故B、C兩答案不能填。而keep是“使……處于某種狀態(tài)”。keep sth. +形容詞。A答案health是名詞,不能選,所以只有healthy (形容詞、健康的)才行。 【例 9】We do eye exercises every day. (改為一般疑問句) ______ you ______ eye exercises every day? 分析 此題考查學生do作實義動詞、助動詞的用法。句中do eye exercises 中的do是實義動詞“做”之意。將此句改為一般疑問句要借助助動詞do,而實義動詞do也不能少,所以兩格應填Do, do。 【例 10】Bruce, Look at your dirty shoes. You d better ______ them right now. A. washed B. washing C. wash D. to wash 分析 此題考查學生對You’d better習慣用語中的用法。You’d better意思是“你最好……”后面接動詞原形。故此題答案選C。 【例11】(廣州市,2003)Now the air in our hometown is than it was before。Something must be done. A. much better B.more worse C.more better D。much worse 思路分析 此題考查形容詞比較級的用法,由more不能修飾比較級可以排除B、C,由"Something must be done"(必須采取措施)知,情況不好,故選D。 解后反思 能修飾比較級的常見詞有:much,a little,a bit,even,still,any等。 【例12】(南寧市,2003)Do you think an American film tomorrow? A.is there B.there s going to be C.will there be D. there s going to have 思路分析 此題考查there be句型的用法及賓語從句的語序。故A、C可以排除。而there be句型的將來時結構應是there will be或there is(are) going to be...所以本題正確答案為B。 解后反思 在there be句型中不能出現(xiàn)have的各種形式。 【例13】(上海市,2003)— is it from our school to Lupu Bridge? ——About half an hour s bus ride。 Shall we go and visit it? A. How long B.How often C How far D. How much 思路分析 本題考查疑問詞的用法。how long指時間長短,如two days;how often問頻率,如three times a day;how much問(不可數(shù))多少;而how far問距離,而本題half an hour’s bus ride指的是距離,故選C。 【例14】(桂林市,2003)Could you tell me if there is a flight to the capital ——March,25th? A. in B. on C. at D. of 思路分析 此題考查介詞與時間搭配的用法。in不與具體日期連用,但它:可以與時間段、季節(jié)、年連用;at與時間點連用,of不與時間連用,而on與具體日期 連用,故選B 解后反思 on與時間的連用,有如下幾種情況: 1)on月+日/on+日期 2)on+星期/on星期+morning/afternoon/evening 3)On a+修飾詞+morning/afternoon/evening/day 4)on the morning/afternoon/evening of月、日。 【例15】(桂林市,2003) he at this school last term? ——Yes,I think so, A. Did,study B。Does,study C. Was,study D. Did,studied 思路分析 此題考查一般過去時的一般疑問句的用法。由last term知B可以排除,而study是行為動詞,其疑問句要借助助動詞did且助動詞后的謂語動詞要用動詞原形,故選A。 【例16】(昆明市,2003)He has never visited the Great Hall of the People, ? A.hasn’t he B。has he C.does he D.doesn’t he 思路分析 此題考查反意疑問句,由前后時態(tài)要一致的原則,選項D、C可排除,又never意為“從不’’,故選B。 解后反思 弄清反意疑問句的特點是解題關鍵。 |
五.強化訓練及答案(Book II Units 1-14)
I.詞匯A)根據(jù)句意或漢語提示完成句子。
1._____is the second month of a year.
2. Her father work in a ______ . (醫(yī)院)
3. Do you ______ his telephone number? (記得)
4. The twins sit in the _______ row.(前面的).
5. There are sixty _______ in an hour.
B)用括號中所給詞語的適當形式填空。
6. The students ran out of the classroom ______. (quick)
7. December is the _______ month of a year.(twelve)
8. Are you good at _______basketball? (play)
9. They all go to school on_____.(foot)
10. The farmers are busy _______ on the farm.(work)
C)根據(jù)劃線部分的意思,選出與其意思相同或相近的選項。
11. She is the student called Mary.
A. with a name B. with the name C. has the name D. with name
12. This sweater looks nice. I want to take it.
A. sell B. borrow C. use D. buy
13. They’d like to stay here for a few days.
A. a little B. many C. some D. a lot of
14. What’s wrong with your TV set.
A. the matter B. trouble C. worst D. the bad thing
15. Long long ago, there lived a poor old man in the village.
A. had B. took C. stood D. was
II.單項選擇
16. Does your sister enjoy______ the music?
A. listening B. to listen C. listening to D. to listen to
17. Reading _____ the sun is bad ____ eyes.
A. under, to B. under, for C. in, to D. in, for
18. Please give me_____.
A. two piece of red paper. B. two piece of red papers
C. two pieces of red paper D. two piece of red papers
19. There’s ___ tea in the cup, is there?
A. a few B. a little C. few D. little
20. Why not_____ outside the zoo?
A .meet B. to meet C. meeting D. met
21. Mr. Johnson _____ Tokyo yesterday morning.
A. get B. arrived C. reached D. reached in
22. Do you know the way _____ the post office?
A. of B. to C. for D. with
23. She ____ a new watch.
A. needs to buy B. needs buying C. need buying D. need to buy
24. —Don’t they come by bike? —_____.
A. Yes, they don’t B. No, they do C. Yes, they are. D. No, they don’t.
25.______ delicious food they are!
A. How a B. What a C. How D. What
26. Chongqing is bigger than ____ in China.
A. all the cities B. any cities C. any other city D. any city
27. Her brother is _____ than she.
A. more stronger B. much stronger C. much strong D. very stronger
28. She’s coming back ____ two day.
A. after B. in C. later D. behind
29. —When did you come to Linfen? — ______.
A. For two weeks. B. In two weeks.
C. Two weeks later. D. Two weeks ago.
30. ______ are you going to the zoo, by bike or by bus?
A. How B. Why C. What D. Which way
III.補全對話
選擇正確的答案補全對話
A: Excuse me, sir.
B: Yes? ___31____
A: ___32___ me the way to the railway station?
B: Well, go down to the end of this street and then turn left. ___33___
A: Is it far from here?
B: I think so.
A: Can I take a bus?
B: Yes, ___34___
A: Oh, yes. Thanks a lot.
B: ___35___
31. A. What do you want to do? B. Let me help you.
C. What can I do for you? D. What can you do for me?
32. A. Can you call B. Can you say C. Do you help D. Can you tell
33. A. The railway station is new. B. The railway station is on you right.
C. The railway station is far. D. The railway station is beautiful.
34. A. there’s a bus stop over there.
B. there’s a policeman over there.
C. there’re many people over there.
D. there’s a railway station over there.
35. A. All right. B. Fine, thank you. C. That’s all. D. You’re welcome.
IV.句型轉換,每空一詞。
A)完成句子,使上下兩句意思一致。
36. She went home on foot yesterday.
She _______ ______ yesterday.
37. I like the busy life.
I like to _______ ______.
38. What is your favourite sport?
________ _____ is your favourite?
39. She often helps me with English.
She often helps me _____ ____ English.
40. There was no rain last week.
It ______ _____ last week.
B)按要求進行句式轉換。
41. She had some bread this morning. (一般疑問句)
Did she_____ _____ bread this morning?
42. He put the eggs in the basket. (對劃線部分提問)
______ _____ he put the eggs?
43. Her sister is a careful girl. (改為感嘆句)
______ ______ her sister is!
44. Is that a photo or a knife? (變?yōu)閺蛿?shù)形式)
Are those ____ or ______?
45. He writes a letter to his parents every month. (改為現(xiàn)在進行時)
He ______ ______ a letter to his parents now.
V.完成下列句子,每空一詞。
46. 我剛做完作業(yè)。
I ______ _______ my homework just now.
47. 做眼保健操對眼睛有益。
______ eye _____ is good for eyes.
48. 這個筐比那個筐重得多。
This basket is _______ _______ than that one.
49. 昨天晚上你沒看電視嗎?
_______ you _________TV last night?
50. 我想你吃得太多了。
I think you are eating_______ ______.
VI.完形填空。
通讀下面短文,掌握其大意,然后從51-60各題后A、B、C、D四個選項中選出一個最佳答案。
Small cars may take the place of (代替)big cars in the future (將來).There is 51 for only two people in such a car. If everyone __52_ such a car, there will be less pollution(污染)_53__ the air. There will also be more space for 54 cars in cities, and the streets will be less crowded (擁擠).The little cars will cost_ 55_ less. Driving will be _56_, too, as those little cars can go only 65 kilometres an hour .If big cars are still used along with the small _57 , two kinds of roads will be _58 in the future. Some roads will be used _59 the big , fast cars, and _60 roads will be needed for the slower, smaller ones.
51. A. seat B. place C. a room D. space
52. A. pulls B. rides C. drives D. pushes
53. A. at B. in C. for D. on
54. A. park B. parking C. stop D. stopping
55. A. much B. many C. more D. lots of
56. A. dangerous B. safe C. safer D. worse
57. A. one B. ones C. seat D. seats
58. A. nees B. needs C. needing D. needed
59. A. for B. by C. in D.as
60. A. another B. others C. other D. the other
Ⅶ.閱讀理解(10%)
根據(jù)短文內容,選擇最佳答案。
Women’s fashions (時裝)change more quickly than men’s .In the early 1990’s, all women wore their skirts down to the ankle (腳踝).Today, some skirts are even longer than before, but some are very short .Women’s shoes have also gone through all sorts of changes in the last ninety –five years .For example, boots (靴)for women were very common at the beginning of the century .Then for years, they were not thought fashionable.Today, they’re back again in all colours, lengths (長度)and materials (材料). In fact, today’s women can wear all kinds of clothes on almost any occasion (場合). While all of these changes were taking place in women’s fashions, men’s clothing remained (保持)almost the same as it was a few years ago. And, in fact, most men are still dressed in the kinds of they used to wear.
61. Today women like to wear _____skirts.
A. long B. short C. neither long nor short D. both long and short
62. Boots are thought _____now.
A. uncommon B. fashionable
C. fit for (適合) girls D. unfashionable
63. When today’s women attend (出席) the party, they wear_______.
A. any kinds of clothes they like B. long skirts and short boots
C. red long boots D. skirts down to the ankle
64. Men’s fashions _______.
A. change as women’s fashions do B. have also changed
C. are changing fast these years D. remain unchanged
65. The passage tried to tell us _____.
A. women’s shoes are back again in all colours, lengths, etc
B. today women are dressed in the kinds of clothes they used to wear
C. women’s fashions for clothes, shoes and so on always change
D. boots for women have been thought fashionable since 1900
強化訓練答案:
I. 1. February 2. hospital 3. remember 4. front 5. minutes 6. quickly 7. twelfth 8. playing 9. foot 10. working 11—15 B D C A D
II. 16—20 C D C D A 21—25 C B A D D 26—30 C B B D A
III. 31—35 C D B AD
IV. 36. walked home 37. keep/ be busy 38. What sport 39. to learn 40. didn’t rain 41. have any 42. Where did 43. How careful 44. photos, knives 45. is writing
V. 46. finished doing 47. Doing, exercises 48. much heavier 49. Didn’t, watch 50. too much
VI. 51—55 D C B B A 56—60 C B D A D
VII. 61—65 D B A D C
聯(lián)系客服