1.make譯為使的時(shí)候,結(jié)構(gòu)為:make sb .do\done sth .主要看是主動(dòng)還是被動(dòng)。
比如:He makes his son read every night.
The boy shouted to make himself heard.
但是,如果make是被動(dòng)的話,結(jié)構(gòu)為sb. be made to do
比如:His son was made to read by him very night.
沒(méi)有make sth done這種形式,一般用make sth do這種表達(dá)法,表示使某物怎樣
make sth +過(guò)去分詞,表示使....處于某中狀態(tài).
例如:What make him so frightened?什么使他如此害怕?
make常見(jiàn)用法如下:
make作為及物動(dòng)詞,有一種特殊用法,即“使役用法”,在表示“使(要)某人(事物)做什么(怎么樣)”時(shí),它除了要有一個(gè)“賓語(yǔ)”之外,還要求賓語(yǔ)后面帶上一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),整個(gè)句子才能完整,即“賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”
可作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的詞或詞組有:
1、動(dòng)詞原形,即不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式,這是考試中??嫉降?/span>,如: He made me stay with him。他讓我和他在一起。
2、形容詞(詞組)如: He tried to make them happy. 他設(shè)法使他們高興。
3、名詞(詞組)如: All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.只有工作沒(méi)有娛樂(lè)使杰克腦子極為遲純。(只工作不學(xué)習(xí),聰明的孩子也變傻)。
4、有時(shí)可用介詞短語(yǔ)。如: He asked us to make ourselves at home. 他要我們不要拘束。
5、過(guò)去分詞如: What make him so frightened?是什么原因令他如此害怕?
make sth do/make sb do 使...做... make it fly 使它飛起來(lái) make me cry 把我弄哭了
make sth +adj.+prep. phrase+n. 略
be made to do ...被要求去做... He was made to clean the room.他被要求去打掃房間.
make oneself p.p 讓自己被(別的人)理解/聽(tīng)到... make myself understood (使別人能)明白我
make himself heard (使別人能)聽(tīng)到他
p.s 這個(gè)詞組里的oneself不能被替換為sth或sb的
我好象還沒(méi)看到過(guò)make sth/sb to do 和make sth/sb doing的用法,查了朗文字典,也沒(méi)有看到.倒是有be made to do 哦,記得高中學(xué)英語(yǔ)的時(shí)候老師好象說(shuō)過(guò)make沒(méi)這樣的用法吧.所以經(jīng)常會(huì)考make.在網(wǎng)上查了也沒(méi)看到你所列的這兩種用法.
2.let譯為讓,通常的結(jié)構(gòu)為let sb. do,很少用在被動(dòng)中。
3.have譯為讓,有如下結(jié)構(gòu)
have sb do,讓某人做
have sb doing,讓某人一直做
have sth done,可以指讓某做被做,也可以指遇到不幸。
比如:i had my hair cut yesterday.
i had my bike stolen yesterday.
注意:have 還可譯為有,這種結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)常一起考。
比如:I have some news to tell you.
Is that the laundry?I have some clothes to be washed.
4.get算是使役動(dòng)詞,但使役動(dòng)詞有很多(如let, make, help, allow, have, require, motivate, get, convince, hire, assist, encourage, permit, employ, force等),其中只有have, make, let在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的不定式時(shí)才確定不加to。
由于沒(méi)有定論是否要加to,這就使問(wèn)題有點(diǎn)復(fù)雜。但有個(gè)小竅門(mén),如果get在句子中可以用have替換而句意不變,那么不定式的to就可以省略。如:The teacher gets every child in her class feel special. 這里就可以用have替換,因此省去了to.
再有,在出現(xiàn)使役動(dòng)詞get的句子中,疑問(wèn)句和否定句最好不要省略to。
Can you get us to do the experiment?
get的用法很靈活,特別是在口語(yǔ)中,而口語(yǔ)對(duì)語(yǔ)法不是很講究的,比較模糊些。
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