20) 關(guān)于like的用法
like 可以作動(dòng)詞,也可以作介詞。
1、like 作動(dòng)詞,表示一般性的“愛(ài)好、喜歡”,有泛指的含義。如:
like 后可接不定式(like to do sth),也可接動(dòng)詞的-ing分詞(like doing
sth),有時(shí)意思不盡相同。如:
like 與 would 連用,后接不定式,表示愿望或客氣的請(qǐng)求。如:
“喜歡某人做某事”可以用結(jié)構(gòu)“like sb to do sth/doing sth”。如:
他們都喜歡我唱英文歌。
2、like 作介詞,可譯成“像......”。如:
She is friendly to us like a mother.她對(duì)我們友好,就像母親一樣。
It looks like an orange.它看起來(lái)像個(gè)桔子。
3、區(qū)分以下句子:
A. What does he look like? 他長(zhǎng)相如何?(指一個(gè)人的外貌特征)
B. What is he like?
C. The boy like Peter is over there.
D. A boy like Peter can't do it.
21) stop to do sth 與 stop doing sth
1. stop to do sth 意為“停下來(lái)去做某事”。如:
The students stop to listen to their teacher.
學(xué)生們停下來(lái)去聽(tīng)他們老師講話。
2. stop doing sth 意為“停止做某事”。如:
The students stopped talking.
與它們相反的句式是:go on to do sth “繼續(xù)做某事(與剛才一事不同)”
和 go on doing sth “繼續(xù)做某事(與剛才同一件事)”。如:
He finishes his homework and goes on to study English.
他完成了作業(yè),接著繼續(xù)去念英語(yǔ)。
They went on playing games.
22) tell, speak, say 與 talk
1. tell 意為“告訴、講述”,指某人把某一件事、一條信息傳送給別人或講
述一件事。如:
He tells me that he wants to be a teacher.
他告訴我說(shuō)他想成為一位教師。
Father always tells interesting stories to us.
爸爸總是給我們講有趣的故事。
tell sb sth 意為“告知某人某事”。如:
He told me something about his past.
tell sb to do sth 意為“告訴某人去做某事”。如:
David told his son to do the homework.
2. speak 意為“說(shuō)話、講話”,后面主要接語(yǔ)言。如:
He can speak English and a little Chinese.
他能講英語(yǔ)和一點(diǎn)漢語(yǔ)。
speak to 意為“和.....講話、談話”。如:
Can I speak to Mr Zhang? 我能和張先生講話嗎?
speak of 意為“提到、說(shuō)起”。如:
The book speaks of my hometown.
3. talk 意為“談話、講話”,如果只有一方對(duì)另一方說(shuō)話時(shí),一般用 talk to;
如果雙方或多方交談,多用 with。如:
Please talk to him right now.
talk about 意為“談?wù)?.....”。如:
They are talking about the movie.
Can I have a talk with you?
4. say 意為“說(shuō)”。如:
Can you say it in English once more?
say to 意為“對(duì)......說(shuō)”。如:
He said to his students that they would have a test.
他對(duì)他的學(xué)生說(shuō)他們將有一個(gè)測(cè)試。
It is said that... 意為“據(jù)說(shuō)”。如:
It is said that he could stay under the water for a long time.
據(jù)說(shuō)他能呆在水里很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。
23) Excuse me! 與 I'm sorry!
1. Excuse me! 意為“打攪了!對(duì)不起!”,一般是為了與陌生人搭話,或者要打斷對(duì)方所說(shuō)(做)的事。如:
Excuse me, is there a hotel in the neighborhood?
請(qǐng)問(wèn),附近有旅館嗎?
Excuse me, could I say something?
2. I'm sorry! 意為“對(duì)不起!”,表示道歉。如:
I'm sorry, Mr Zhang. I won't do it again.
對(duì)不起,張先生。我不會(huì)這么做了。
24) 表示時(shí)間的 in、on 與 at
in, on 與 at 都可以和表示時(shí)間的詞(組)連用。
1. in 表示時(shí)間的一段或較長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間。如:
in the morning
in a week
It's Sunday, I can finish it in two days.
現(xiàn)在是星期天,我能在兩天后完成。(星期二)
Rome was not built in a day.
2. on 主要指在具體的一天。如:
on Sunday
on a hot afternoon
He arrived in Beijing on April 26,2004.
他于2004年4月26日到達(dá)北京。
3. at 表示時(shí)間的一點(diǎn)或比較短的時(shí)間。如:
at 8:00
I always get up at 6:00 every morning.
It's always warm at this time of year.
25) Other及其用法
Other 及其相近的詞(組),如 others, the other, the others, another,
any other 等,一直是中學(xué)生朋友們比較困擾的問(wèn)題,平常的考試、作業(yè)中經(jīng)
常出錯(cuò)。下面是它們的一些用法:
1、other 指其余的人或物,所有格是 other's,復(fù)數(shù)形式是 others;the other
指“兩個(gè)人或物中的另一個(gè)”,其復(fù)數(shù)形式是 the others;others相當(dāng)于“other + 名詞”,所以不能充當(dāng)定語(yǔ),修飾名詞。others指整體中去掉一部分后剩余的部分,但不是全部的,即 some...others (一些...其余的人...);the others 強(qiáng)調(diào)整體中除去一部分后剩余的全部,即some...the others.
2、another泛指三個(gè)以上的不定數(shù)目中的“另外一個(gè)”。由 an 和 other 合
并構(gòu)成,所以不能和冠詞連用。another 修飾單數(shù)名詞,比如:another pencil.
3、any other 指除去本身以外的“任何其他的人或物”,后面要用名詞的單
數(shù)形式。
26) look 短語(yǔ)
常見(jiàn)的look短語(yǔ)有以下這些:
1.look at 朝......看
Please look at the map of China.請(qǐng)看中國(guó)地圖。
2.look for 尋找
The old man is looking for his dog. 老人在尋找他的狗。
3.look like 看起來(lái)像
Nancy looks like her mother. 南希看起來(lái)像她母親。
4.look the same 看上去一樣
Li Ping and Li Jing look the same. 李萍和李晶看上去一樣。
5.look up 查找
Please look up the word in the dictionary.請(qǐng)?jiān)谠~典中查找這個(gè)單詞。
6.look over 仔細(xì)檢查
The doctor looked over Mary carefully. 醫(yī)生仔細(xì)檢查了瑪麗。
7.look after 照顧,照看
You must look after your old father. 你必須照顧你的老父親。
8.look around 到處尋找、查看
We looked around, but we found nothing strange.
我們四處查看,但是我們沒(méi)有發(fā)現(xiàn)奇怪的東西。
27) too,also與either
1.too用于肯定句和疑問(wèn)句,一般放在句尾,其前常加逗號(hào)。如:
We are in the same school, too. 我們也在相同的學(xué)校。
Do you play soccer every day, too? 你也每天踢足球嗎?
2.also用于肯定句和疑問(wèn)句,一般位于實(shí)義動(dòng)詞前、be動(dòng)詞后。如:
Sandra is also a Korean student. Sandra 也是一個(gè)韓國(guó)學(xué)生。
3.either用于否定句,一般放在句末。如:
They don't know the answer, either. 她們也不知道答案。
4.as well as也有“也”的意思。如:
We have great mushroom pizza as well as soda.
He is a happy boy as well.
28) hard與hardly
1.hard既可作形容詞,也可作副詞。如:
It's a hard (adj.) question. (=difficult) 這是一個(gè)難的問(wèn)題。
The boy studies very hard (adv.).
句子結(jié)構(gòu):It's hard for sb to do sth 做某事對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)是難的。如:
It's hard for him to finish the work. 完成那項(xiàng)工作對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)很難。
注意區(qū)分:hard work 困難的工作
work hard 努力工作
3.
副詞和動(dòng)詞之前。如:
I can hardly see it. 我?guī)缀蹩床坏剿?br>29) sometime,sometimes,some time與some times
記憶:sometimes(有時(shí))some times(好幾次)sometime(某一次)some time(一段)
口訣:有s是有時(shí),有時(shí)分開(kāi)好幾次,無(wú)s是某時(shí),某時(shí)分開(kāi)是一段。
1.sometime是時(shí)間副詞,指不確定的將來(lái)或過(guò)去某一點(diǎn)時(shí)間(某時(shí)候或任何
時(shí)候),不指一段時(shí)間。如:
We'll go to Beijing sometime next month.
我們下個(gè)月某一時(shí)候會(huì)去北京。
2.sometimes是頻度副詞,指“有時(shí)”、“不時(shí)”的意思(=at times)。如:
Sometimes I get up very late on Sunday morning.
有時(shí)候我在星期天早晨起得很晚。
3.some time是名詞詞組,指一段時(shí)間(一些時(shí)間或若干時(shí)間)。如:
It took him some time to finish the book.她花了一些時(shí)間去完成作業(yè)。
4.some times指“幾次”。如:
He met the woman some times last month. 上個(gè)月他見(jiàn)過(guò)那婦女幾次。
30) exercise的一些用法
1.作不及物動(dòng)詞,譯為“運(yùn)動(dòng),鍛煉”。如:
David exercises every morning. 大衛(wèi)每天早晨進(jìn)行鍛煉。
2.作及物動(dòng)詞,譯為“訓(xùn)練”。如:
Swimming exercises the whole body. 游泳能使身體得到全面的鍛煉。
3.作名詞,譯為“體育鍛煉、運(yùn)動(dòng)、體操、練習(xí)題”等。如:
It's good to do eye exercises every day.
每天做眼保鍵操對(duì)眼睛有好處。
Please do more exercise from now on. 從今以后請(qǐng)多做運(yùn)動(dòng)吧。
I have lots of homework to do tonight. 今晚我有很多的作業(yè)要做。
4.注意:exercise指具體運(yùn)動(dòng)或體操時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞,復(fù)數(shù)形式為exercises;
泛指運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)是不可數(shù)名詞。
31) maybe與may be
1.maybe是副詞,譯為“也許、可能”,相當(dāng)于“perhaps”。如:
Maybe he can answer the question. 也許他能回答那個(gè)問(wèn)題。
He maybe is from the USA, too.
2.may be中的may為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,譯為“可能是......”。如:
He may be from the USA, too.
She may be our English teacher. 她可能是我們的英語(yǔ)老師。
32) same與different
1.same指“相同的”,前面通常要有一個(gè)定冠詞the,但是如果same前面已
經(jīng)有this,those等詞,就不能再與the連用了。如:
結(jié)構(gòu):the same as 與......一樣 如:
2.different譯為“不同的”,其后的可數(shù)名詞應(yīng)為復(fù)數(shù)形式。如:
結(jié)構(gòu):be different from 與......不同 如:
different的名詞形式為difference, 復(fù)數(shù)形式為differences。
33) 動(dòng)詞want的用法
1. want sth. 想要某物
They want some help. 他們需要一些幫助。
2. want sb. to do sth. 想要某人去做某事
My father wants me to help him on the farm.我父親要我在農(nóng)場(chǎng)上幫他。
3. want to do sth. 想要做某事
I want to study English in England. 我想要在英國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。
4.want doing 需要...
Your sweater wants washing. 你的運(yùn)動(dòng)衣該洗了。
34) be good(bad) for、be good at的相關(guān)用法
1.be good for 對(duì)......有益
Doing morning exercises is good for your health.
做早操對(duì)你們的建康有益。
2.be good at 擅長(zhǎng)于......
Li Ping is good at basketball. 李平擅長(zhǎng)于籃球。
= Li Ping is good at playing basketball. 李平擅長(zhǎng)于打籃球。
be good at = do well in 如:
I'm good at math. = I do well in math. 我擅長(zhǎng)于數(shù)學(xué)。
3.be good to 對(duì)......好
Parents are always good to their children.
父母親總是對(duì)他們的孩子好。
35) how many與how much
1.how many表示“多少”,對(duì)數(shù)量提問(wèn),后面接可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。如:
There are four people in my family.
---How many people are in your family?
We have seven classes every day.
---How many classes do you have every day?
2.how much也是表示“多少”,但它對(duì)不可數(shù)名詞進(jìn)行提問(wèn)。如:
There is some milk in the bottle.
---How much milk is there in the bottle?
3.how much還可以對(duì)價(jià)格提問(wèn),表示“多少錢(qián)”的意思。如:
The yellow T-shirt is only 35 yuan.
---How much is the yellow T-shirt?
36) with的幾個(gè)用法
1.with表“和、同、與”。如:
Can you go to the park with me? 你能和我一起去公園嗎?
2.with表“用、以、被”。如:
Don't write with the red pen.
3.with表“隨著”。如:
Climate varies with the time of the year.氣候隨著時(shí)令的不同而不同。
4.with表“帶有、有......的”。如:
The girl with long hair is my classmate. 長(zhǎng)頭發(fā)的女孩是我的同學(xué)。
5.with表“因?yàn)?、由?#8221;。如:
They were angry with hard work. 他們因?yàn)槠D難的工作而生氣。
6.一些with結(jié)構(gòu):
play with
talk with 與......交談
get on well with與......相處融洽
37) a lot of(lots of)與many,much
1.a lot of意為“許多、大量”,相當(dāng)于lots of.它既可以修飾可數(shù)名詞,又
可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞。如:
I have a lot of friends in China. 我在中國(guó)有很多朋友。
The old man has lots of money.
2.many意為“許多”.它用來(lái)修飾可數(shù)名詞。如:
Do you have many beautiful skirts? 你有很多漂亮的裙子嗎?
3.much意為“大量”.它用來(lái)修飾不可數(shù)名詞。如:
There is much water in the lake. 湖里有大量的水。
4.a lot of(=lots of)用在肯定句中,而many,much不受限制。如果將一
個(gè)含有a lot of(=lots of)的肯定句改為否定句或疑問(wèn)句,要將它們
改為many或much。如:
We can see a lot of birds in the tree.
---We can't see many birds in the tree.
He wants lots of soda.
---Does he want much soda?
38) help用法舉例
help既可以作名詞,也可以作動(dòng)詞。
1.help作名詞,意為“幫助”。如:
He needs some help. 他需要一些幫助。
2.help作動(dòng)詞,也是“幫助”的意思。如:
Can you help me?
3.help的結(jié)構(gòu):
help sb (to) do sth 幫助某人做某事
=help sb with sth 幫助某人做某事
如:They want to help the boy carry the heavy box.
=They want to help the boy with the heavy box.
39) well的用法
well可以作副詞,也可以作形容詞。
1.well作副詞,意為“(某事干得)好”。如:
The boy draws very well. 男孩畫(huà)得很好。
2.well作形容詞,意為“健康、安好”。如:
I'm not feeling well. 我覺(jué)得不舒服。
40) ago與before
ago與before都表示“......以前”,但用法有所區(qū)別。
1.ago意為“以前”,表示從此刻算起的若干時(shí)間之前,常用于過(guò)去時(shí)的句子
中。如:He took a photo a week ago. 他一周前照了一張相片。
2.before作為副詞時(shí)表示:
a.從過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻算起的若干時(shí)間以前,用于過(guò)去完成時(shí)的句子中。如:
The boy had already seen the comedy before.
那男孩以前已經(jīng)看過(guò)那部喜劇片了。
b.籠統(tǒng)的“以前”,用于一般過(guò)去時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句子中,一般單獨(dú)使
用,而ago不可以單獨(dú)使用。如:
He's read this novel before. 他以前讀過(guò)這部小說(shuō)。
41) need的用法
1.need作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,意為“需要”。如:
Do you need to stay at home? 你要呆在家里嗎?
2.need作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,一般用于對(duì)must的否定回答。如:
---Must he leave now? 他必須離開(kāi)嗎?
---No, he needn't. 不,他不必。
3.區(qū)分:
a.need作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞。
He needs to go.
He doesn't need to go.
Does he need to go?
Yes, he does./No, he doesn't.
b.need作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,一般不用于肯定句。
He needn't go.
Need he go?
Yes, he need./No, he needn't.
42) decide的幾種句式
1.decide to do sth
They decide to fly kite on weekend. 他們決定在周末去放風(fēng)箏。
2.decide on doing sth 決定做某事
They decide on flying kites.
3.decide on sth
Betty decided on the red skirt.
4.
結(jié)構(gòu):make a decision,意為“做決定”。如:
He has made a decision. 他已經(jīng)做一個(gè)決定了。
43) too many,too much與much too
1.too many意為“太多”,用于修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。如:
There are too many students in our class. 我們班上有太多的學(xué)生。
2.too much意為“太多”,用于修飾不可數(shù)名詞。如:
We have too much work to do.
3.much too表示“太”,用來(lái)修飾形容詞或副詞。如:
The box is much too heavy, so I can't carry it.
箱子太重了,所以我搬不動(dòng)它。
44) can的用法
1.表示能力。如:
We can carry the heavy box.
Who can sing an English song? 誰(shuí)會(huì)唱英文歌?
2.表示驚訝、不相信等態(tài)度,主要用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中。如:
Can it be true?
You can't be serious?
3.表示允許,意思與may相近,主要用于口語(yǔ)中。如:
Can I smoke here?
Can I go with him?
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