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Lesson 16

今日聚焦【stress壓力】

--- 學(xué)健康知識,記實用單詞
 
你知道心理壓力過大會引發(fā)身體的哪四大征兆嗎?
 
癥狀一:感冒。很可能是因為壓力削弱了免疫系統(tǒng)功能,使病菌較容易侵入體內(nèi),引起呼吸道疾病。
 
癥狀二:頭痛。緊張偏頭痛的主要根源。預(yù)防偏頭痛,別忘記讓久坐在電腦桌前的自己有換換空氣、伸展四肢的機會,哪怕是5分鐘也好。
 
癥狀三:失眠失眠總是隨著壓力和負擔(dān)的加重而加重。睡前1小時吃少量奶酪或者金槍魚沙拉,喝杯牛奶,不要在睡前吃甜食。
 
癥狀四:口唇皰疹。你如果長期處在超負荷工作狀態(tài),患嘴唇皰疹的可能性會加大。建議抹一些茶樹油。
 
Stress的用法:
1.  Stressed out 壓力太大,焦慮不安
When I’m stressed out , I try to go for a long walk.
每當(dāng)我壓力過大時,我就出去長時間地散步。
 
2.  Excessive stress can have serious health consequences.
過度的壓力會引起嚴(yán)重的健康問題。
 
3.  Economic stress declined month to month in May, aided by lower unemployment.
經(jīng)濟壓力在5月有所緩解,原因是失業(yè)率的降低。

 

===============================================================================================
Today TopicBefore the Exam  考試前
Today Vocabulary: give something away 泄露
Hosts: Drew& Luan (上海韋博五角場中心外教)
 
Bob:Do you know what is going to be in the exam?
         你知道會考些什么嗎?
 
Lee:I have no idea. Let's go and see the teacher.
         我不知道。讓我們?nèi)枂柪蠋煱伞?/div>
 
Bob:Knowing him, he's not likely to give anything awayv.泄露).
         知道他,他什么都不會透露的。
 
Lee:  Oh well, we can try.
         好啊,讓我們?nèi)ピ囈辉嚒?/div>
 
Bob:You are an optimistn.樂觀者). I suppose there is no harm in talking to him though.
         你真是樂觀的人。我想和他談?wù)勔矝]什么壞處。
 
Lee:Maybe we should make an appointmentn.約定). We have to find out when he is free.
         或許我們應(yīng)該先預(yù)約一下。我們要知道他什么時候有空。
 
Bob:You are more charming than I am. Pretend v.假裝) you have some academicadj.學(xué)術(shù)上的) problem and want a discussion.
         你可比我有魅力。假裝你有一些學(xué)術(shù)方面的問題,想和他討論一下。
 
Lee:Ah, you always trick me into doing the hard jobs.
        你總是想方設(shè)法讓我做那些困難的事情。
 ===========================================================================================
【健康生活】職場白領(lǐng)減壓妙方

Whether it's a nightmarish(adj.噩夢般的) cubicle neighbor, an unrelenting(adj.冷漠無情的), workload, or an ornery(adj.愛爭吵的) boss that has your stress meter ready to pop at any second, you can get a grip: It's all about mind over matter. An August study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences found that students taking part in Integrative (adj.綜合的)Body-Mind Training (IBMT) enjoyed changes in white brain matter (within 11 hours of practice) that seemed connected to better regulation(n.常規(guī),調(diào)整) of emotions and behavior.

Although now very common the U.S. yet, IBMT involves the practice of maintaining a state of restful alertness to tap into body-mind awareness while a trained coach guides your breathing and mental imagery. It's somewhat similar to more widely available mindfulness-based stress reduction, which involves focusing on your present-moment thoughts and feelings in a non-judgmental way. MBSR has been shown to help people make clearer decisions in times of crisis, which could help when all health breaks loose at the office.

Here's how to lower your stress levels without turning to meds(n.醫(yī)藥).

Get your daily IBMT.
Previous research out of the University of Oregon(n.俄勒岡州立大學(xué)) and three Chinese institutes has found that you could adopt stress-zapping properties of IBMT before the workweek's out. After practicing it for 20 minutes a day for five days in a row, participants reported reduced stress and increased energy. Prevention suggests this intro IBMT exercise: Sit quietly in a comfortable position. Close your eyes and think of your mind as a full cup; as thoughts come and go, keep returning to an image of the cup becoming empty. Repeat for five minutes.

Regardless of your meditation style, know this: Compared to non-meditators(n.沉思者,冥想者), women who practice meditation enjoy up to a 66 percent drop in stress hormone levels, which can dramatically(adv.戲劇化地) improve heart health.

Pop a piece of gum.
If you're in need of an emergency quick freak-out fix, reach for a piece of gum. (Avoid artificial sweetened gum, though—some are linked to health issues.) One study found that chewing gum boosts blood flow to the brain by up to 40 percent, helping you stay calm and in the present. This prevents you from ruminating over(v.反復(fù)思考) some aggravating(adj.惱人的) office event.

Learn more about meditation(n.冥想).
You don't need to be a monk to enjoy the benefits of meditation. In fact, more and more Western integrative medicine practitioners(n.從業(yè)者) are using it as a nontoxic(adj.無毒的) health improver.
 
【參考翻譯】
職場減壓妙方
       
      如果你不幸遇上一位惡夢般的鄰居,或者面對持續(xù)的高強度工作量,又或者恰逢一位脾氣暴躁的老板,這些足以讓你瞬間想釋放自己的工作壓力,而你又不能這么做,你所能做的就是立馬調(diào)整自己對他們的心態(tài)。
    
     雖然目前在美國,”平衡身心的訓(xùn)練“還不是很普遍,但其所包含的內(nèi)容卻已受到越來越多人的關(guān)注,整個訓(xùn)練過程包括:專業(yè)教練在旁指導(dǎo)你的呼吸節(jié)奏以及如何做自我心理暗示,從而幫助你進入一種安靜的清醒狀態(tài),最后再達到身心平衡的意識狀態(tài)。這聽上去有點像另一種更常見的訓(xùn)練---意念減壓法,它指的是你不要做深思熟慮的判斷,只要集中自己當(dāng)前的意念,忠于自己當(dāng)前的思緒和感覺來做決定就好,在緊急情況下這樣所做出的決定往往會更理智。
     
     以下方法將教你如何不通過服用藥物卻同樣可以有效地減壓。
 
每天堅持身心平衡訓(xùn)練
      
    先前由俄勒岡大學(xué)與中國三個研究所共同參與的實驗研究表明:你可以運用身心平衡訓(xùn)練里對付壓力的訣竅來緩解一周的工作壓力。參與實驗的人每天用這方法訓(xùn)練20分鐘,堅持了5天后,都感到壓力有所緩解,精力充沛。他們究竟是怎么做的呢?
 
    找一個舒適的地方坐下,閉上眼睛,想象自己的大腦仿佛是一個裝滿水的杯子,讓思緒跌宕起伏,猶如杯里的水一般上下翻騰,直到水全部溢出,你的大腦也就清空了雜念,就這樣重復(fù)想象5分鐘。
 
    不管你用何種方式去冥想,比起從不靜心冥想的人,你體內(nèi)的壓力荷爾蒙會下降66%,這將大大地提高心臟健康水平。
 
嚼口香糖
     如果你處于緊急狀況,顯得尤為慌亂與緊張,那就先嚼一支口香糖吧。但不要嚼含人工香料的口香糖,因為它可能引起其他健康問題。有一項研究告訴我們:嚼口香糖能提高40%的大腦供血,幫助你保持鎮(zhèn)靜,好好思考一些正在惡化的工作事件。
  
走近打坐冥想
      你未必要出家做和尚才能感受到打坐冥想的好處。事實上,越來越多善于中西醫(yī)結(jié)合的醫(yī)生都會運用它來作為改善病人健康的非藥物處方。
 
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