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$ docker run -d -p 443:443 -p 80:80 -p 222:22 --name gitlab --restart always -v /home/gitlab/config:/etc/gitlab -v /home/gitlab/logs:/var/log/gitlab -v /home/gitlab/data:/var/opt/gitlab gitlab/gitlab-ce

# -d：后臺(tái)運(yùn)行

# -p：將容器內(nèi)部端口向外映射

# --name：命名容器名稱

# -v：將容器內(nèi)數(shù)據(jù)文件夾或者日志、配置等文件夾掛載到宿主機(jī)指定目錄

按上面的方式，gitlab容器運(yùn)行沒問題，但在gitlab上創(chuàng)建項(xiàng)目的時(shí)候，生成項(xiàng)目的URL訪問地址是按容器的hostname來生成的，也就是容器的id。

作為gitlab服務(wù)器，我們需要一個(gè)固定的URL訪問地址，于是需要配置gitlab.rb（宿主機(jī)路徑：/home/gitlab/config/gitlab.rb）。

# gitlab.rb文件內(nèi)容默認(rèn)全是注釋

$ vim /home/gitlab/config/gitlab.rb

# 配置http協(xié)議所使用的訪問地址,不加端口號(hào)默認(rèn)為80

external_url 'http://192.168.199.231'

# 配置ssh協(xié)議所使用的訪問地址和端口

gitlab_rails['gitlab_ssh_host'] = '192.168.199.231'

gitlab_rails['gitlab_shell_ssh_port'] = 222 # 此端口是run時(shí)22端口映射的222端口

:wq #保存配置文件并退出

# 重啟gitlab容器

$ docker restart gitlab

此時(shí)項(xiàng)目的倉(cāng)庫(kù)地址就變了。如果ssh端口地址不是默認(rèn)的22，就會(huì)加上ssh:// 協(xié)議頭

打開瀏覽器輸入ip地址(因?yàn)槲业膅itlab端口為80，所以瀏覽器url不用輸入端口號(hào)，如果端口號(hào)不是80，則打開為：ip:端口號(hào))

4.3設(shè)置root用戶名和密碼

進(jìn)入目錄 /home/gitlab/config/initial_root_password，查看密碼

xwCsS7lMYx+8x3o6KIBw+Ia6Lg3VqvtHLzxzYfPNtxk=

或者進(jìn)入gitlab容器后修改密碼。

root@ba96cb6a1f47:/# gitlab-rails console

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Ruby: ruby 2.7.4p191 (2021-07-07 revision a21a3b7d23) [x86_64-linux]

GitLab: 14.3.2 (92acfb1b8a9) FOSS

GitLab Shell: 13.21.1

PostgreSQL: 12.7

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

irb(main):005:0> user = User.where(id: 1).first

=> #<User id:1 @root>

irb(main):006:0> user.password=12345678

=> 12345678

irb(main):007:0> user.password_confirmation=12345678

=> 12345678

irb(main):008:0> user.save!

Enqueued ActionMailer::MailDeliveryJob (Job ID: 4fc2d685-2fd6-41d9-893e-2dabc7c3b366) to Sidekiq(mailers) with arguments: "DeviseMailer", "password_change", "deliver_now", {:args=>[#<GlobalID:0x00007fc6c59b5b48 @uri=#<URI::GIDgid://gitlab/User/1>>]}

=> true

irb(main):009:0> quit

運(yùn)行后的效果圖

4.4保存鏡像并推送dockerhub

# 保存已經(jīng)修的鏡像

docker commit -a "naumy" -m "初始化gitlab" ba96cb6a1f47 gitlab:v1.0

docker commit -a "naumy" -m "sonarqube:7.6-community " e70c6cbe2e0b sonarqube-7.6-community:v1.0

docker tag sonarqube-7.6-community:v1.0 naumy/sonarqube-7.6-community:v1.0

docker push naumy/sonarqube-7.6-community:v1.0

# 把舊鏡像的名字，改成倉(cāng)庫(kù)要求的新版名字

docker tag gitlab:v1.0 naumy/gitlab:v1.0

# 登錄到docker hub

docker login

# 推送

docker push naumy/gitlab:v1.0

5.碰到的問題

5.1虛擬內(nèi)存不夠

啟動(dòng)容器后過了十幾秒。容器自動(dòng)退出。

Error: max virtual memory areas vm.max_map_count [65530] is too low, increase to at least [262144]

運(yùn)行容器后，容器馬上退出。

# 使用命令查看運(yùn)行日志

docker logs 容器名稱/容器ID

在/etc/sysctl.conf文件最后添加一行

vm.max_map_count=262144

執(zhí)行/sbin/sysctl -p立即生效

6.整合Sonar和gitlab

6.1安裝Gitlab-runner

6.1.1獲取gitlab-Token

進(jìn)入gitlab后，選擇runner，進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的Token獲取。

6.1.2安裝gitlab-runner

# 拉取鏡像

docker pull gitlab/gitlab-runner:v13.2.4

# 創(chuàng)建容器映射目錄

mkdir -p /dwz/docker-volume/gitlab-runner/config

# 創(chuàng)建容器并運(yùn)行

docker run -d --name gitlab-runner \

--restart always \

-v /dwz/docker-volume/gitlab-runner/config:/etc/gitlab-runner \

-v /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock \

gitlab/gitlab-runner:v13.2.4

進(jìn)入gitlab-runner容器后，配置相應(yīng)的參數(shù)設(shè)置：

docker exec -it gitlab-runner gitlab-runner register -n \

--url http://139.198.166.208 \

--registration-token 9zEbBYXSyqJqpNb9QSNh \

--executor docker \

--description "Docker Runner" \

--docker-image "sonarsource/sonar-scanner-cli:latest" \

--docker-volumes /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock

再次加載gitlab頁(yè)面，出現(xiàn)runner配置項(xiàng)。

6.2設(shè)置sonarqube的用戶名和密碼

設(shè)置當(dāng)前的sonarqube的用戶面和密碼為admin和123456

6.3進(jìn)行項(xiàng)目分析(手動(dòng)添加項(xiàng)目)

是否需要集成自己喜歡的CI，使用gitlab進(jìn)行持續(xù)集成和持續(xù)部署。

第一步選擇需要檢測(cè)項(xiàng)目代碼類型：

新建配置文件sonar-project.properties：

sonar.projectKey=gitlab-sonorqube

sonar.qualitygate.wait=true

sonar.language=py

第二步：添加環(huán)境變量

令牌密鑰：b23fe46d142fcfb052b05d5b3fd6fc823df0b682

按照要求添加相應(yīng)的環(huán)境變量：

6.4進(jìn)行CI/CD（sonar與gitlab）

6.4.1版本為sonarqube-7.6-community

創(chuàng)建一個(gè)gitlab項(xiàng)目，實(shí)驗(yàn)使用的項(xiàng)目為python項(xiàng)目。

.gitlab-ci.yml文件內(nèi)容為

# This file is a template, and might need editing before it works on your project.

# To contribute improvements to CI/CD templates, please follow the Development guide at:

#https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/development/cicd/templates.html

# This specific template is located at:

#https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/blob/master/lib/gitlab/ci/templates/Getting-Started.gitlab-ci.yml

# This is a sample GitLab CI/CD configuration file that should run without any modifications.

# It demonstrates a basic 3 stage CI/CD pipeline. Instead of real tests or scripts,

# it uses echo commands to simulate the pipeline execution.

# A pipeline is composed of independent jobs that run scripts, grouped into stages.

# Stages run in sequential order, but jobs within stages run in parallel.

# For more information, see:https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/yaml/index.html#stages

stages: # List of stages for jobs, and their order of execution

- build

- test

- deploy

build-job: # This job runs in the build stage, which runs first.

stage: build

script:

- echo "Compiling the code..."

- echo "Compile complete."

unit-test-job: # This job runs in the test stage.

stage: test # It only starts when the job in the build stage completes successfully.

script:

- echo "Running unit tests... This will take about 60 seconds."

- sleep 60

- echo "Code coverage is 90%"

lint-test-job: # This job also runs in the test stage.

stage: test # It can run at the same time as unit-test-job (in parallel).

script:

- echo "Linting code... This will take about 10 seconds."

- sleep 10

- echo "No lint issues found."

deploy-job: # This job runs in the deploy stage.

stage: deploy # It only runs when *both* jobs in the test stage complete successfully.

script:

- echo "Deploying application..."

- echo "Application successfully deployed."

image:

name: sonarsource/sonar-scanner-cli:latest

entrypoint: [""]

sonarqube-check:

script:

- sonar-scanner -X -Dsonar.projectKey=gitlab-sonorqube -Dsonar.host.url=http://139.198.176.140:9000 -Dsonar.login=cbd26f998beeb61d7a991e0282efc430b020d9f1 -Dsonar.login=admin -Dsonar.password=admin -Dsonar.language=py -Dsonar.java.binaries=build/ -Dsonar.projectVersion=1.0 -Dsonar.sources=.

allow_failure: true

only:

- main # or the name of your main branch

提交代碼后，可以獲取到相應(yīng)的測(cè)試信息。

https://sm.ms/image/ykYPlDgZVvuhzsq

6.4.2版本為sonarqube-9.1-community

.gitlab-ci.yml文件內(nèi)容為

sonarqube-check:

image:

name: sonarsource/sonar-scanner-cli:latest

entrypoint: [""]

variables:

SONAR_USER_HOME: "${CI_PROJECT_DIR}/.sonar" # Defines the location of the analysis task cache

GIT_DEPTH: "0" # Tells git to fetch all the branches of the project, required by the analysis task

cache:

key: "${CI_JOB_NAME}"

paths:

- .sonar/cache

script:

- sonar-scanner -X -Dsonar.projectKey=gitlab-sonorqube -Dsonar.host.url=http://139.198.176.140:9000 -Dsonar.login=7f9e3408ac11e0699e2f8afdb21a662cc8ab2698 -Dsonar.login=admin -Dsonar.password=123456 -Dsonar.language=py -Dsonar.java.binaries=build/ -Dsonar.projectVersion=1.0 -Dsonar.sources=.

allow_failure: true

only:

- main # or the name of your main branch

提交代碼后gitlab會(huì)自動(dòng)進(jìn)行CI/CD：

點(diǎn)入進(jìn)去后查看相應(yīng)的狀態(tài)和內(nèi)容是否符合需求：

運(yùn)行完成后，將看到對(duì)應(yīng)的測(cè)試分析結(jié)果：

6.5在整合過程中碰到的問題

配置文件寫錯(cuò)：

使用的python代碼，所以后續(xù)將使用py作為語(yǔ)言選擇。

7.總結(jié)

當(dāng)前使用的工具有:

sonarqube:9.1.0-community 、gitlab/gitlab-runner:v13.2.4 、postgres:9.6.23 、gitlab/gitlab-ce、sonarsource/sonar-scanner-cli:latest

開發(fā)人員提交代碼到gitlab倉(cāng)庫(kù)后，觸發(fā)master分支自動(dòng)合并任務(wù)，并進(jìn)行代碼掃描（可改成其他測(cè)試分支），掃面結(jié)果返回到sonarqube平臺(tái)。

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