初三英語如何用that、if和whether連接的賓語從句!在句子中起賓語作用的從句叫做賓語從句。賓語從句分為三類:動(dòng)詞的賓語從句,介詞的賓語從句和形容詞的賓語從句。下文小編整理了。希望對大家有所幫助。
一、if或whether引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí),作“是否”講,常放在動(dòng)詞ask 、see 、say 、know和find out等后面。一般情況下,兩者??蓳Q用,在口語中多用if。如:
例1 Nobody knows whether (if) it will rain tomorrow. 沒有人知道明天是否下雨。
例2 Lucy asked whether (if) they had a cotton sweater .露西問他們是否有棉制的羊毛衣。
二、if或whether引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí),要注意三個(gè)方面,即連詞、語序和時(shí)態(tài)。
1 if或whether不能和that 或其它連詞(副詞)同時(shí)使用,也不能省去。如:
例3 我不知道他今天是否會(huì)來。
[誤] I don’t know that if(whether) he will come here today .
[正] I don’t know if(whether) he will come here today .
例4他走過來看看貓是否出了毛病。
[誤] He came to see that if (whether) there was wrong with his cat .
[正] He came to see if (whether) there was wrong with his cat .
2 if或whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句時(shí),雖具有疑問意義,但從句語序應(yīng)用陳述句語序。如:
例5 Did you know the way to the hospital ? The old woman asked me .
The old woman asked me .if (whether) I knew the way to the hospital .老婦人問我是否知道去醫(yī)院的路。
3 if或whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句應(yīng)和主句的時(shí)態(tài)保持一致。即主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),從句用任一種時(shí)態(tài);主句為一般過去時(shí),從句則用過去時(shí)中的任一種時(shí)態(tài)。如:
例6 I don’t know if (whether) he has come here . 我不知道他是否來過這兒。
例7 Tom asked if (whether) I had read the book . 湯姆問我是否看過這本書 。
三、if和whether的區(qū)別:
1 在動(dòng)詞不定式之前只能用whether 。如:
例8 I can’t decide whether to stay. 我不能決定是否留下。
2 在whether …… or not 的固定搭配中。如:
例9 I want to know whether it’s good news or not . 我想知道是否是好消息。
3 在介詞后,只能用whether。如:
例10 His father is worried about whether he lose his work . 他的父親擔(dān)心是否會(huì)失去工作。
4賓語從句放在句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí),只能用whether 。如:
例11 Whether they can finish the work on time is still a problem . 他們是否能準(zhǔn)時(shí)完成這項(xiàng)工作還是個(gè)問題。
5用if會(huì)引起歧義時(shí),只用whether。如:
例12 Could you tell me if you know the answer ?
這句話有兩種意思:“你能告訴我是否知道答案嗎?”或“如果你知道答案,請告訴我,好嗎?”。如用whether可避免歧義。
6 如果逐句已有一個(gè)if引導(dǎo)的條件句,為了避免產(chǎn)生混淆,應(yīng)使用whether.eg:
He asked me whether,if there was enough time,I wanted to go to his office.
7 whether 可引導(dǎo)表語從句,if則不能。Eg:
The question is whether this material can be used in our factory.
鞏固練習(xí)
1 他走過了看他的貓是否出了問題。
2 湯姆問我是否看過這本書。
3 媽媽問爸爸如果來了許多客人,我們是否去飯店吃晚飯。
4 他妹妹是否能參加這個(gè)聚會(huì)是個(gè)秘密。
1 He came to see if(whether) there was something wrong with his cat.
2 Tom asked me if (whether)I had read the book.
Mom asked dad whether we would have dinner in a restaurant if there were too many guests.
4 whether his sister will come to the party is still a secret.
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