本文選自 TE20210626期，Asia版
Unlawfully wed
非法結(jié)婚
Religious courts continue to allow grown men to marry girls.
宗教法院繼續(xù)允許成年男子與女孩結(jié)婚。
印尼司法機(jī)構(gòu)，設(shè)有地方法院、高等法院及最高法院，訴訟案件先經(jīng)地方法院審理，最高法院為終審法院并審查案件。地方行政法院處理針對政府于行政法上的救濟(jì)案件；憲法法院則處理法律合憲性、政黨解散等；宗教法院負(fù)責(zé)伊斯蘭教法的案件整理。
When rasminah was 13 her parents forced her to abandon her education and get married to a man who was then 27. “I was heartbroken,” she says. “I would watch my friends leave for school every morning wishing that was my life.” When the marriage failed she was married again, aged 15, to a 40-year-old man.
拉斯米娜13歲時(shí)，父母強(qiáng)迫她放棄學(xué)業(yè)，嫁給一個(gè)27歲的男人。“我很傷心，”她說，“每天早上，我看到我的朋友們?nèi)ド蠈W(xué)，希望這就是我的生活?！被橐鍪『?，她15歲又嫁給了一個(gè)40歲的男人。
leave for 到…地方去;去某地
One in nine Indonesian women is married before turning 18. The country’s lawmakers want that to change. Two years ago they raised the legal age of marriage for women from 16 to 19, to match that for men. At the start of 2020 the government restated its ambition to cut the rate of child marriage by 40% within a decade.
九分之一的印尼女性已在18歲之前結(jié)婚。該國立法者希望改變這種狀況。兩年前，他們將女性的法定結(jié)婚年齡從16歲提高到19歲，和男性相匹配。2020年初，政府重申了十年內(nèi)將童婚率降低40%的雄心壯志。
restate 重申；重新表述
Raising the age at which women can marry has sent an important signal. But the new rules contain big holes. Religious courts have retained the right to wave through underage marriages for families who ask nicely. Parents make use of this procedure to arrange hasty weddings for girls who have got pregnant, among other reasons. Almost all requests are granted, often without the knowledge or approval of the child involved. Applications for these dispensations rocketed after the marriage-age was raised.
提高女性結(jié)婚年齡發(fā)出了一個(gè)重要信號。但新規(guī)定存在很大漏洞。宗教法院保留了因家庭善意請求而準(zhǔn)許未成年婚姻的權(quán)利。除其它原因外，父母利用這一程序?yàn)閼言械呐才艂}促的婚禮。幾乎所有的請求都被批準(zhǔn)了，往往沒有相關(guān)兒童的知情或贊同。結(jié)婚年齡提高后，申請這些豁免的人數(shù)激增。
wave through 揮手示意…通過
dispensation 豁免
Meanwhile only about 5% of all marriages involving children go through legal channels, according to a government estimate. In lots of cases authorities are deliberately kept in the dark by families who know that the nuptials are unlawful. But marriages also go unregulated because registering them involves cost and hassle, says Nina Nurmila of the National Commission on Violence Against Women. Asking an official to travel to witness a rural marriage can cost around $40—about one-and-a-half times the monthly wage of an Indonesian living on the national poverty line. Many families conclude that it is sufficient to get the blessing of religious leaders, says Nani Zulminarni of pekka, a women’s group.
與此同時(shí)，據(jù)政府估計(jì)，只有約5%涉及兒童的婚姻走的是合法渠道。在很多情況下，當(dāng)局被那些知道婚禮是非法的家庭故意蒙在鼓里。但是，國家暴力侵害婦女委員會的Nina Nurmila說，（這種）婚姻也將不受監(jiān)管，因?yàn)榈怯浕橐錾婕俺杀竞吐闊Ｒ笠幻賳T前往見證一場鄉(xiāng)村婚姻花費(fèi)約40美元，大約是生活在國家貧困線上的印尼人月工資的1.5倍。婦女組織pekka的Nani Zulminarni說，許多家庭認(rèn)為得到宗教領(lǐng)袖的祝福就足夠了。
go through 經(jīng)歷，走（流程）
in the dark 無知，不知
nuptial 婚禮
Changing people’s attitudes to child marriage is the hardest task. In February a matchmaking agency made the news after vowing to help women “perform their duties” by “marrying between the ages of 12 and 21 (and no later!) to please Allah”. The government’s strategy emphasises the need to educate families about the downsides of marrying before adulthood.
改變?nèi)藗儗ν榈膽B(tài)度是最艱巨的任務(wù)。今年2月份，一家婚介機(jī)構(gòu)發(fā)布了這條新聞，此前該機(jī)構(gòu)誓言要幫助女性“履行職責(zé)”，即“在12歲到21歲之間（而不能更晚?。┙Y(jié)婚以取悅真主”。政府的戰(zhàn)略強(qiáng)調(diào)有必要對家庭進(jìn)行教育，讓他們了解未成年結(jié)婚的弊端。
Experience from past disasters suggests that the pandemic will make things much worse. In 2018 an earthquake and tsunami struck Palu, a city on the island of Sulawesi; the next year cases of child marriage rose from 14 to 48 in just one village, according to libu Perempuan (lp), a women’s-rights group. Dewi Rana of lp says some children there were herded into marriage after being orphaned, because locals thought that was a good way to make sure they received support. Some girls who had been sexually abused by men in the aftermath of the disaster were forced to marry their attackers.
過去災(zāi)難的經(jīng)驗(yàn)表明，這場疫情使情況變得更糟。2018年，一場地震和海嘯襲擊了蘇拉威西島的帕盧市；據(jù)婦女權(quán)利組織libu Perempuan（lp）稱，第二年，僅在一個(gè)村莊的童婚案件就從14例增加到48例。lp的Dewi Rana說，那里的一些兒童成為孤兒后，被迫結(jié)婚，因?yàn)楫?dāng)?shù)厝苏J(rèn)為這是確保她們得到支持的好方法。一些在災(zāi)難發(fā)生后受到男性性虐待的女孩被迫與施暴者結(jié)婚。
In the aftermath of …… 在……結(jié)束后的一段時(shí)間里
Lia Anggie of the Indonesian Women’s Coalition, which represents several charities, says that school closures during the pandemic have made it more likely that girls will have sexual relationships that lead to them being pushed into marriage. Closed classrooms have also interrupted the delivery of new curriculums which, it was hoped, would help youngsters resist pressure to marry. The government estimates that an additional 2.8m Indonesians fell into poverty last year; financial distress makes families more keen to seek husbands for their daughters. It will be hard for officials to untangle this knot.
印尼婦女聯(lián)盟的Lia Anngia，代表了多家慈善機(jī)構(gòu)，她說，疫情期間學(xué)校關(guān)閉使得女孩更可能發(fā)生性關(guān)系，導(dǎo)致她們被迫結(jié)婚。封閉的教室也中斷了新課程的提供。人們希望新課程能幫助年輕人抵御結(jié)婚的壓力。政府估計(jì)，去年還有280萬人陷入貧困；經(jīng)濟(jì)困難使家庭更熱衷于為女兒尋找丈夫。官員們很難解開這個(gè)結(jié)。
“王不留說”
前段時(shí)間刷爆大家微博微信的云南女校長張桂梅，在講自己辦女子高中初衷的時(shí)候講到一個(gè)故事：
曾經(jīng)她在縣城一所中學(xué)任教期間，一次家訪的路上遇到一個(gè)坐在上坡上的女孩。
聊天后得知女孩已經(jīng)定親，不久就要結(jié)婚了，但回學(xué)校繼續(xù)讀書才是她的愿望。
在那座大山里，女孩十幾歲就結(jié)婚是一件很正常的事。
張桂梅聽了很難過，從那時(shí)起，她就決定專門為貧困女孩們創(chuàng)辦一所學(xué)校，幫助她們擺脫早早嫁人的命運(yùn)。
在女子高中，如果有學(xué)生會從課堂上消失，張桂梅會到女孩家中家訪，盡自己最大努力把學(xué)生帶回課堂。
因?yàn)樗X得，一個(gè)讀過書，受過教育的媽媽不會讓自己的孩子早早輟學(xué)，早早嫁人。
拯救一個(gè)女孩可以改變?nèi)说拿\(yùn)。
在我們的生活里，依然有許多需要被幫助的女孩。
她們可能因?yàn)榧依锏呢毟F很早離開校園走進(jìn)社會，或者走進(jìn)婚姻。
我知道幫助一個(gè)女孩子可能不會改變社會大的現(xiàn)狀，但是卻至少可以改變這個(gè)女孩子的一生，提高她對自己性別的認(rèn)同。
我們能做的，就是助力更多需要幫助的女孩，讓這個(gè)世界因此變得更好一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)。
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