(一)[基礎(chǔ)講解]
在句子中充當(dāng)除謂語(yǔ)以外的句子成分的動(dòng)詞形式叫做非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。
非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞分為三種形式:不定式,動(dòng)名詞,和分詞(分詞包括現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞)。
動(dòng)名詞
否定形式:not + 動(dòng)名詞
用法:
(1)作主語(yǔ)
Playing football is my favorite. 踢足球是我的最愛。
(2)作賓語(yǔ)
常見的有mind, enjoy, finish, consider, practice, imagine, keep, suggest, advise, allow, permit, require, delay, miss, can’t help等。
I enjoy reading books.我喜歡讀書。
(3)作表語(yǔ)
The only thing that she is interested in is dancing. 她唯一感興趣的是跳舞。
2、分詞
否定形式:not + 現(xiàn)在分詞
用法:
(1)作表語(yǔ);
The news is exciting. 這條新聞令人激動(dòng)。
We were excited to hear the news. 聽到這條新聞我們很激動(dòng)。
(2)作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ);
She could hear the birds singing in the trees. 她能聽見鳥兒們?cè)跇渖细璩?br>
I’m going to have my bike repaired.我要去修我的自行車。
(3)作定語(yǔ);
He is an interesting man. 他是一個(gè)很有趣的男人。
I like drinking boiled water. 我喜歡喝煮沸的水。
(4)作狀語(yǔ)。
I got home, feeling very tired.我回到家,感覺很累。
Seen from the hill, the town looks very beautiful. 從山上看,這個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)看上去很美。
(二)[基礎(chǔ)過(guò)關(guān)]
1、The next morning she found the man ___ in bed,dead.
A. lying B. lie C. lay D. laying
解析:find的賓語(yǔ)后面,用分詞或分詞短語(yǔ),起賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)作用?,F(xiàn)在分詞表達(dá)主動(dòng),也表達(dá)正在進(jìn)行。
答案:A
2、___ a reply, he decided to write again.
A. Not receiving B. Receiving not
C. Not having received D. Having not received
解析:本題考查分詞的時(shí)態(tài)與分詞的否定式。分詞的否定式的構(gòu)成為not +分詞,故選C。
答案:C
3、________ and happy, Tony stood up and accepted and prize.
A. Surprising B. Surprised C. Being surprised D. To be surprising
解析:形容人所處的狀態(tài)。用過(guò)去分詞surprised。
答案:B
4、Please remain _________ until the plane has come to a complete stop.
A.to seal B.to be seated C.seating D.seated
解析:seated表示狀態(tài)。
答案:D
(三)[能力提高]
1、_____ some officials, Napoleon inspected his army.
A. Followed B. Followed by C. Being followed D. Having been followed
解析:Napoleon 與follow 之間有被動(dòng)的含義所以用過(guò)去分詞表被動(dòng),且是followed by sb。
答案:B
2、I can’t stand ________ with Jane in the same office. She just refuses ________ talking while she works.
A. working; stopping B. to work; stopping
C. working; to stop D. to work; to stop
解析:固定搭配can’t stand doing sth.; refuse to do sth.。
答案:C
3、______in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.
A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed
解析:句意:他穿著白制服看上去與其說(shuō)像醫(yī)生到不如說(shuō)像廚師。dress是及物動(dòng)詞,dress
與句子的主語(yǔ)he是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,故用過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ),表被動(dòng)。
答案:A
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