Base64是網(wǎng)絡(luò)上最常見的用于傳輸8Bit字節(jié)代碼的編碼方式之一,大家可以查看RFC2045~RFC2049,上面有MIME的詳細(xì)規(guī)范。
Base64編碼可用于在HTTP環(huán)境下傳遞較長的標(biāo)識信息。例如,在Java Persistence系統(tǒng)Hibernate中,就采用了Base64來將一個較長的唯一標(biāo)識符(一般為128-bit的UUID)編碼為一個字符串,用作HTTP表單和HTTP GET URL中的參數(shù)。在其他應(yīng)用程序中,也常常需要把二進制數(shù)據(jù)編碼為適合放在URL(包括隱藏表單域)中的形式。此時,采用Base64編碼不僅比較簡短,同時也具有不可讀性,即所編碼的數(shù)據(jù)不會被人用肉眼所直接看到。
然而,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的Base64并不適合直接放在URL里傳輸,因為URL編碼器會把標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Base64中的“/”和“+”字符變?yōu)樾稳?#8220;%XX”的形式,而這些“%”號在存入數(shù)據(jù)庫時還需要再進行轉(zhuǎn)換,因為ANSI SQL中已將“%”號用作通配符。
為解決此問題,可采用一種用于URL的改進Base64編碼,它不在末尾填充'='號,并將標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Base64中的“+”和“/”分別改成了“*”和“-”,這樣就免去了在URL編解碼和數(shù)據(jù)庫存儲時所要作的轉(zhuǎn)換,避免了編碼信息長度在此過程中的增加,并統(tǒng)一了數(shù)據(jù)庫、表單等處對象標(biāo)識符的格式。
另有一種用于正則表達式的改進Base64變種,它將“+”和“/”改成了“!”和“-”,因為“+”,“*”以及前面在IRCu中用到的“[”和“]”在正則表達式中都可能具有特殊含義。
此外還有一些變種,它們將“+/”改為“_-”或“._”(用作編程語言中的標(biāo)識符名稱)或“.-”(用于XML中的Nmtoken)甚至“_:”(用于XML中的Name)。
Base64要求把每三個8Bit的字節(jié)轉(zhuǎn)換為四個6Bit的字節(jié)(3*8 = 4*6 = 24),然后把6Bit再添兩位高位0,組成四個8Bit的字節(jié),也就是說,轉(zhuǎn)換后的字符串理論上將要比原來的長1/3。
這樣說會不會太抽象了?不怕,我們來看一個例子:
轉(zhuǎn)換前 aaaaaabb ccccdddd eeffffff
轉(zhuǎn)換后 00aaaaaa 00bbcccc 00ddddee 00ffffff
應(yīng)該很清楚了吧?上面的三個字節(jié)是原文,下面的四個字節(jié)是轉(zhuǎn)換后的Base64編碼,其前兩位均為0。
轉(zhuǎn)換后,我們用一個碼表來得到我們想要的字符串(也就是最終的Base64編碼),這個表是這樣的:(摘自RFC2045)
Table 1: The Base64 Alphabet
Value Encoding Value Encoding Value Encoding Value Encoding
0 A 17 R 34 i 51 z
1 B 18 S 35 j 52 0
2 C 19 T 36 k 53 1
3 D 20 U 37 l 54 2
4 E 21 V 38 m 55 3
5 F 22 W 39 n 56 4
6 G 23 X 40 o 57 5
7 H 24 Y 41 p 58 6
8 I 25 Z 42 q 59 7
9 J 26 a 43 r 60 8
10 K 27 b 44 s 61 9
11 L 28 c 45 t 62 +
12 M 29 d 46 u 63 /
13 N 30 e 47 v
14 O 31 f 48 w (pad) =
15 P 32 g 49 x
16 Q 33 h 50 y
索引 | 對應(yīng)字符 | 索引 | 對應(yīng)字符 | 索引 | 對應(yīng)字符 | 索引 | 對應(yīng)字符 |
0 | A | 17 | R | 34 | i | 51 | z |
1 | B | 18 | S | 35 | j | 52 | 0 |
2 | C | 19 | T | 36 | k | 53 | 1 |
3 | D | 20 | U | 37 | l | 54 | 2 |
4 | E | 21 | V | 38 | m | 55 | 3 |
5 | F | 22 | W | 39 | n | 56 | 4 |
6 | G | 23 | X | 40 | o | 57 | 5 |
7 | H | 24 | Y | 41 | p | 58 | 6 |
8 | I | 25 | Z | 42 | q | 59 | 7 |
9 | J | 26 | a | 43 | r | 60 | 8 |
10 | K | 27 | b | 44 | s | 61 | 9 |
11 | L | 28 | c | 45 | t | 62 | + |
12 | M | 29 | d | 46 | u | 63 | / |
13 | N | 30 | e | 47 | v | | |
14 | O | 31 | f | 48 | w | | |
15 | P | 32 | g | 49 | x | | |
16 | Q | 33 | h | 50 | y | | |
讓我們再來看一個實際的例子,加深印象!
轉(zhuǎn)換前 10101101 10111010 01110110
轉(zhuǎn)換后 00101011 00011011 00101001 00110110
十進制 43 27 41 54
對應(yīng)碼表中的值 r b p 2
所以上面的24位編碼,編碼后的Base64值為 rbp2
解碼同理,把 rbq2 的二進制位連接上再重組得到三個8位值,得出原碼。
(解碼只是編碼的逆過程,在此我就不多說了,另外有關(guān)MIME的RFC還是有很多的,如果需要詳細(xì)情況請自行查找。)
用更接近于編程的思維來說,編碼的過程是這樣的:
第一個字符通過右移2位獲得第一個目標(biāo)字符的Base64表位置,根據(jù)這個數(shù)值取到表上相應(yīng)的字符,就是第一個目標(biāo)字符。
然后將第一個字符左移4位加上第二個字符右移4位,即獲得第二個目標(biāo)字符。
再將第二個字符左移2位加上第三個字符右移6位,獲得第三個目標(biāo)字符。
最后取第三個字符的右6位即獲得第四個目標(biāo)字符。
在以上的每一個步驟之后,再把結(jié)果與 0x3F 進行 AND 位操作,就可以得到編碼后的字符了。
可是等等……聰明的你可能會問到,原文的字節(jié)數(shù)量應(yīng)該是3的倍數(shù)啊,如果這個條件不能滿足的話,那該怎么辦呢?
我們的解決辦法是這樣的:原文的字節(jié)不夠的地方可以用全0來補足,轉(zhuǎn)換時Base64編碼用=號來代替。這就是為什么有些Base64編碼會以一個或兩個等號結(jié)束的原因,但等號最多只有兩個。因為:
余數(shù) = 原文字節(jié)數(shù) MOD 3
所以余數(shù)任何情況下都只可能是0,1,2這三個數(shù)中的一個。如果余數(shù)是0的話,就表示原文字節(jié)數(shù)正好是3的倍數(shù)(最理想的情況啦)。如果是1的話,為了讓Base64編碼是4的倍數(shù),就要補2個等號;同理,如果是2的話,就要補1個等號。
在URL中的應(yīng)用
Base64編碼可用于在HTTP環(huán)境下傳遞較長的標(biāo)識信息。例如,在Java Persistence系統(tǒng)Hibernate中,就采用了Base64來將一個較長的唯一標(biāo)識符(一般為128-bit的UUID)編碼為一個字符串,用作HTTP表單和HTTP GET URL中的參數(shù)。在其他應(yīng)用程序中,也常常需要把二進制數(shù)據(jù)編碼為適合放在URL(包括隱藏表單域)中的形式。此時,采用Base64編碼不僅比較簡短,同時也具有不可讀性,即所編碼的數(shù)據(jù)不會被人用肉眼所直接看到。
然而,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的Base64并不適合直接放在URL里傳輸,因為URL編碼器會把標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Base64中的“/”和“+”字符變?yōu)樾稳?#8220;%XX”的形式,而這些“%”號在存入數(shù)據(jù)庫時還需要再進行轉(zhuǎn)換,因為ANSI SQL中已將“%”號用作通配符。
為解決此問題,可采用一種用于URL的改進Base64編碼,它不在末尾填充'='號,并將標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Base64中的“+”和“/”分別改成了“*”和“-”,這樣就免去了在URL編解碼和數(shù)據(jù)庫存儲時所要作的轉(zhuǎn)換,避免了編碼信息長度在此過程中的增加,并統(tǒng)一了數(shù)據(jù)庫、表單等處對象標(biāo)識符的格式。
另有一種用于正則表達式的改進Base64變種,它將“+”和“/”改成了“!”和“-”,因為“+”,“*”以及前面在IRCu中用到的“[”和“]”在正則表達式中都可能具有特殊含義。
此外還有一些變種,它們將“+/”改為“_-”或“._”(用作編程語言中的標(biāo)識符名稱)或“.-”(用于XML中的Nmtoken)甚至“_:”(用于XML中的Name)。
在下載軟件中加密下載地址的原理
先以“迅雷下載”為例: 很多下載類網(wǎng)站都提供“迅雷下載”的鏈接,其地址通常是加密的迅雷專用下載地址。
如thunder://QUFodHRwOi8vd3d3LmJhaWR1LmNvbS9pbWcvc3NsbTFfbG9nby5naWZaWg==
其實迅雷的“專用地址”也是用Base64加密的,其加密過程如下:
一、在地址的前后分別添加AA和ZZ
如www.baidu.com/img/sslm1_logo.gif變成
AAwww.baidu.com/img/sslm1_logo.gifZZ
二、對新的字符串進行Base64編碼
如AAwww.baidu.com/img/sslm1_logo.gifZZ用Base64編碼得到
QUFodHRwOi8vd3d3LmJhaWR1LmNvbS9pbWcvc3NsbTFfbG9nby5naWZaWg==
三、在上面得到的字符串前加上“thunder://”就成了
thunder://QUFodHRwOi8vd3d3LmJhaWR1LmNvbS9pbWcvc3NsbTFfbG9nby5naWZaWg==
另:
Flashget的與迅雷類似,只不過在第一步時加的“料”不同罷了,F(xiàn)lashget在地址前后加的“料”是[FLASHGET]
而QQ旋風(fēng)的干脆不加料,直接就對地址進行Base64編碼了
PHP中的解密下載地址的實現(xiàn)
[下列代碼僅在GBK中實現(xiàn),UTF8代碼請把 if($button=="迅雷地址->普通地址") echo substr(base64_decode(str_ireplace("thunder://","",$txt1)),2,-2); 這句改為if($button=="迅雷地址->普通地址") echo substr(mb_convert_encoding(base64_decode(str_ireplace("thunder://","",$txt1))),2,-2); 并把charset=gb2312改為charset=utf-8]
<?php
$txt1=trim($_POST['text1']);
$txt2=trim($_POST['text2']);
$txt3=trim($_POST['text3']);
$button=$_POST['button'];
?>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" >
<html>
<head>
<title>迅雷和FlashGet,QQ旋風(fēng)地址 地址轉(zhuǎn)換工具</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gb2312">
<meta content="迅雷,FlashGet,地址轉(zhuǎn)換," name="keywords">
</head>
<body>
<form name="form1" method="post" action="">
<hr size="1">
<h3>迅雷轉(zhuǎn)換</h3>
<P>轉(zhuǎn)換地址:
<input name="text1" value="<?php echo $txt1;?>" type="text" style="width:516px;" /></P>
<P>轉(zhuǎn)換后的:
<input type="text" value="<?php
if($button=="普通地址->迅雷地址") echo "thunder://".base64_encode("AA".$txt1."ZZ");
if($button=="迅雷地址->普通地址") echo substr(base64_decode(str_ireplace("thunder://","",$txt1)),2,-2);
?>" style="width:516px;" /></P>
<P>
<input type="submit" name="button" value="普通地址->迅雷地址" />
<input type="submit" name="button" value="迅雷地址->普通地址" /></P>
<h3>FlashGet轉(zhuǎn)換</h3>
<P>FlashGet地址:
<input name="text2" value="<?php echo $txt2;?>" type="text" style="width:516px;" /></P>
<P>轉(zhuǎn)換后 地址:
<input type="text" value="<?php
if($button=="普通地址->FlashGet地址") echo "flashget://".base64_encode($txt2);
if($button=="FlashGet地址->普通地址") echo str_ireplace("[FLASHGET]","",base64_decode(str_ireplace("flashget://","",$txt2)));
?>" style="width:516px;" /></P>
<P>
<input type="submit" value="普通地址->FlashGet地址" name="button" />
<input type="submit" value="FlashGet地址->普通地址" name="button" /></P>
<h3>QQ旋風(fēng)轉(zhuǎn)換</h3>
<P>QQ旋風(fēng)地址:
<input name="text3" value="<?php echo $txt3;?>" type="text" style="width:516px;" /></P>
<P>轉(zhuǎn)換后 地址:
<input type="text" value="<?php
if($button=="普通地址->QQ旋風(fēng)") echo "qqdl://".base64_encode($txt3);
if($button=="QQ旋風(fēng)->普通地址") echo base64_decode(str_ireplace("qqdl://","",$txt3));
?>" style="width:516px;" /></P>
<P>
<input type="submit" value="普通地址->QQ旋風(fēng)" name="button" />
<input type="submit" value="QQ旋風(fēng)->普通地址" name="button" /></P>
</form>
</body>
</html>
VB版的Base64編碼函數(shù)定義
注:其中DigestStrToHexStr為可在程序外部調(diào)用加密函數(shù)
Option Explicit
' Base64 Encoding/Decoding Algorithm
' By: David Midkiff (mznull@earthlink.net)
'
' This algorithms encodes and decodes data into Base64
' format. This format is extremely more efficient than
' Hexadecimal encoding.
Private m_bytIndex(0 To 63) As Byte
Private m_bytReverseIndex(0 To 255) As Byte
Private Const k_bytEqualSign As Byte = 61
Private Const k_bytMask1 As Byte = 3
Private Const k_bytMask2 As Byte = 15
Private Const k_bytMask3 As Byte = 63
Private Const k_bytMask4 As Byte = 192
Private Const k_bytMask5 As Byte = 240
Private Const k_bytMask6 As Byte = 252
Private Const k_bytShift2 As Byte = 4
Private Const k_bytShift4 As Byte = 16
Private Const k_bytShift6 As Byte = 64
Private Const k_lMaxBytesPerLine As Long = 152
Private Declare Sub CopyMemory Lib "kernel32" Alias "RtlMoveMemory" (ByVal Destination As Long, ByVal Source As Long, ByVal Length As Long)
Public Function Decode64(sInput As String) As String
If sInput = "" Then Exit Function
Decode64 = StrConv(DecodeArray64(sInput), vbUnicode)
End Function
Private Function DecodeArray64(sInput As String) As Byte()
Dim bytInput() As Byte
Dim bytWorkspace() As Byte
Dim bytResult() As Byte
Dim lInputCounter As Long
Dim lWorkspaceCounter As Long
bytInput = Replace(Replace(sInput, vbCrLf, ""), "=", "")
ReDim bytWorkspace(LBound(bytInput) To (UBound(bytInput) * 2)) As Byte
lWorkspaceCounter = LBound(bytWorkspace)
For lInputCounter = LBound(bytInput) To UBound(bytInput)
bytInput(lInputCounter) = m_bytReverseIndex(bytInput(lInputCounter))
Next lInputCounter
For lInputCounter = LBound(bytInput) To (UBound(bytInput) - ((UBound(bytInput) Mod 8) + 8)) Step 8
bytWorkspace(lWorkspaceCounter) = (bytInput(lInputCounter) * k_bytShift2) + (bytInput(lInputCounter + 2) \ k_bytShift4)
bytWorkspace(lWorkspaceCounter + 1) = ((bytInput(lInputCounter + 2) And k_bytMask2) * k_bytShift4) + (bytInput(lInputCounter + 4) \ k_bytShift2)
bytWorkspace(lWorkspaceCounter + 2) = ((bytInput(lInputCounter + 4) And k_bytMask1) * k_bytShift6) + bytInput(lInputCounter + 6)
lWorkspaceCounter = lWorkspaceCounter + 3
Next lInputCounter
Select Case (UBound(bytInput) Mod 8):
Case 3:
bytWorkspace(lWorkspaceCounter) = (bytInput(lInputCounter) * k_bytShift2) + (bytInput(lInputCounter + 2) \ k_bytShift4)
Case 5:
bytWorkspace(lWorkspaceCounter) = (bytInput(lInputCounter) * k_bytShift2) + (bytInput(lInputCounter + 2) \ k_bytShift4)
bytWorkspace(lWorkspaceCounter + 1) = ((bytInput(lInputCounter + 2) And k_bytMask2) * k_bytShift4) + (bytInput(lInputCounter + 4) \ k_bytShift2)
lWorkspaceCounter = lWorkspaceCounter + 1
Case 7:
bytWorkspace(lWorkspaceCounter) = (bytInput(lInputCounter) * k_bytShift2) + (bytInput(lInputCounter + 2) \ k_bytShift4)
bytWorkspace(lWorkspaceCounter + 1) = ((bytInput(lInputCounter + 2) And k_bytMask2) * k_bytShift4) + (bytInput(lInputCounter + 4) \ k_bytShift2)
bytWorkspace(lWorkspaceCounter + 2) = ((bytInput(lInputCounter + 4) And k_bytMask1) * k_bytShift6) + bytInput(lInputCounter + 6)
lWorkspaceCounter = lWorkspaceCounter + 2
End Select
ReDim bytResult(LBound(bytWorkspace) To lWorkspaceCounter) As Byte
If LBound(bytWorkspace) = 0 Then lWorkspaceCounter = lWorkspaceCounter + 1
CopyMemory VarPtr(bytResult(LBound(bytResult))), VarPtr(bytWorkspace(LBound(bytWorkspace))), lWorkspaceCounter
DecodeArray64 = bytResult
End Function
Public Function Encode64(ByRef sInput As String) As String
If sInput = "" Then Exit Function
Dim bytTemp() As Byte
bytTemp = StrConv(sInput, vbFromUnicode)
Encode64 = EncodeArray64(bytTemp)
End Function
Private Function EncodeArray64(ByRef bytInput() As Byte) As String
On Error GoTo ErrorHandler
Dim bytWorkspace() As Byte, bytResult() As Byte
Dim bytCrLf(0 To 3) As Byte, lCounter As Long
Dim lWorkspaceCounter As Long, lLineCounter As Long
Dim lCompleteLines As Long, lBytesRemaining As Long
Dim lpWorkSpace As Long, lpResult As Long
Dim lpCrLf As Long
If UBound(bytInput) < 1024 Then
ReDim bytWorkspace(LBound(bytInput) To (LBound(bytInput) + 4096)) As Byte
Else
ReDim bytWorkspace(LBound(bytInput) To (UBound(bytInput) * 4)) As Byte
End If
lWorkspaceCounter = LBound(bytWorkspace)
For lCounter = LBound(bytInput) To (UBound(bytInput) - ((UBound(bytInput) Mod 3) + 3)) Step 3
bytWorkspace(lWorkspaceCounter) = m_bytIndex((bytInput(lCounter) \ k_bytShift2))
bytWorkspace(lWorkspaceCounter + 2) = m_bytIndex(((bytInput(lCounter) And k_bytMask1) * k_bytShift4) + ((bytInput(lCounter + 1)) \ k_bytShift4))
bytWorkspace(lWorkspaceCounter + 4) = m_bytIndex(((bytInput(lCounter + 1) And k_bytMask2) * k_bytShift2) + (bytInput(lCounter + 2) \ k_bytShift6))
bytWorkspace(lWorkspaceCounter + 6) = m_bytIndex(bytInput(lCounter + 2) And k_bytMask3)
lWorkspaceCounter = lWorkspaceCounter + 8
Next lCounter
Select Case (UBound(bytInput) Mod 3):
Case 0:
bytWorkspace(lWorkspaceCounter) = m_bytIndex((bytInput(lCounter) \ k_bytShift2))
bytWorkspace(lWorkspaceCounter + 2) = m_bytIndex((bytInput(lCounter) And k_bytMask1) * k_bytShift4)
bytWorkspace(lWorkspaceCounter + 4) = k_bytEqualSign
bytWorkspace(lWorkspaceCounter + 6) = k_bytEqualSign
Case 1:
bytWorkspace(lWorkspaceCounter) = m_bytIndex((bytInput(lCounter) \ k_bytShift2))
bytWorkspace(lWorkspaceCounter + 2) = m_bytIndex(((bytInput(lCounter) And k_bytMask1) * k_bytShift4) + ((bytInput(lCounter + 1)) \ k_bytShift4))
bytWorkspace(lWorkspaceCounter + 4) = m_bytIndex((bytInput(lCounter + 1) And k_bytMask2) * k_bytShift2)
bytWorkspace(lWorkspaceCounter + 6) = k_bytEqualSign
Case 2:
bytWorkspace(lWorkspaceCounter) = m_bytIndex((bytInput(lCounter) \ k_bytShift2))
bytWorkspace(lWorkspaceCounter + 2) = m_bytIndex(((bytInput(lCounter) And k_bytMask1) * k_bytShift4) + ((bytInput(lCounter + 1)) \ k_bytShift4))
bytWorkspace(lWorkspaceCounter + 4) = m_bytIndex(((bytInput(lCounter + 1) And k_bytMask2) * k_bytShift2) + ((bytInput(lCounter + 2)) \ k_bytShift6))
bytWorkspace(lWorkspaceCounter + 6) = m_bytIndex(bytInput(lCounter + 2) And k_bytMask3)
End Select
lWorkspaceCounter = lWorkspaceCounter + 8
If lWorkspaceCounter <= k_lMaxBytesPerLine Then
EncodeArray64 = Left$(bytWorkspace, InStr(1, bytWorkspace, Chr$(0)) - 1)
Else
bytCrLf(0) = 13
bytCrLf(1) = 0
bytCrLf(2) = 10
bytCrLf(3) = 0
ReDim bytResult(LBound(bytWorkspace) To UBound(bytWorkspace))
lpWorkSpace = VarPtr(bytWorkspace(LBound(bytWorkspace)))
lpResult = VarPtr(bytResult(LBound(bytResult)))
lpCrLf = VarPtr(bytCrLf(LBound(bytCrLf)))
lCompleteLines = Fix(lWorkspaceCounter / k_lMaxBytesPerLine)
For lLineCounter = 0 To lCompleteLines
CopyMemory lpResult, lpWorkSpace, k_lMaxBytesPerLine
lpWorkSpace = lpWorkSpace + k_lMaxBytesPerLine
lpResult = lpResult + k_lMaxBytesPerLine
CopyMemory lpResult, lpCrLf, 4&
lpResult = lpResult + 4&
Next lLineCounter
lBytesRemaining = lWorkspaceCounter - (lCompleteLines * k_lMaxBytesPerLine)
If lBytesRemaining > 0 Then CopyMemory lpResult, lpWorkSpace, lBytesRemaining
EncodeArray64 = Left$(bytResult, InStr(1, bytResult, Chr$(0)) - 1)
End If
Exit Function
ErrorHandler:
Erase bytResult
EncodeArray64 = bytResult
End Function
Private Sub Class_Initialize()
m_bytIndex(0) = 65 'Asc("A")
m_bytIndex(1) = 66 'Asc("B")
m_bytIndex(2) = 67 'Asc("C")
m_bytIndex(3) = 68 'Asc("D")
m_bytIndex(4) = 69 'Asc("E")
m_bytIndex(5) = 70 'Asc("F")
m_bytIndex(6) = 71 'Asc("G")
m_bytIndex(7) = 72 'Asc("H")
m_bytIndex(8) = 73 'Asc("I")
m_bytIndex(9) = 74 'Asc("J")
m_bytIndex(10) = 75 'Asc("K")
m_bytIndex(11) = 76 'Asc("L")
m_bytIndex(12) = 77 'Asc("M")
m_bytIndex(13) = 78 'Asc("N")
m_bytIndex(14) = 79 'Asc("O")
m_bytIndex(15) = 80 'Asc("P")
m_bytIndex(16) = 81 'Asc("Q")
m_bytIndex(17) = 82 'Asc("R")
m_bytIndex(18) = 83 'Asc("S")
m_bytIndex(19) = 84 'Asc("T")
m_bytIndex(20) = 85 'Asc("U")
m_bytIndex(21) = 86 'Asc("V")
m_bytIndex(22) = 87 'Asc("W")
m_bytIndex(23) = 88 'Asc("X")
m_bytIndex(24) = 89 'Asc("Y")
m_bytIndex(25) = 90 'Asc("Z")
m_bytIndex(26) = 97 'Asc("a")
m_bytIndex(27) = 98 'Asc("b")
m_bytIndex(28) = 99 'Asc("c")
m_bytIndex(29) = 100 'Asc("d")
m_bytIndex(30) = 101 'Asc("e")
m_bytIndex(31) = 102 'Asc("f")
m_bytIndex(32) = 103 'Asc("g")
m_bytIndex(33) = 104 'Asc("h")
m_bytIndex(34) = 105 'Asc("i")
m_bytIndex(35) = 106 'Asc("j")
m_bytIndex(36) = 107 'Asc("k")
m_bytIndex(37) = 108 'Asc("l")
m_bytIndex(38) = 109 'Asc("m")
m_bytIndex(39) = 110 'Asc("n")
m_bytIndex(40) = 111 'Asc("o")
m_bytIndex(41) = 112 'Asc("p")
m_bytIndex(42) = 113 'Asc("q")
m_bytIndex(43) = 114 'Asc("r")
m_bytIndex(44) = 115 'Asc("s")
m_bytIndex(45) = 116 'Asc("t")
m_bytIndex(46) = 117 'Asc("u")
m_bytIndex(47) = 118 'Asc("v")
m_bytIndex(48) = 119 'Asc("w")
m_bytIndex(49) = 120 'Asc("x")
m_bytIndex(50) = 121 'Asc("y")
m_bytIndex(51) = 122 'Asc("z")
m_bytIndex(52) = 48 'Asc("0")
m_bytIndex(53) = 49 'Asc("1")
m_bytIndex(54) = 50 'Asc("2")
m_bytIndex(55) = 51 'Asc("3")
m_bytIndex(56) = 52 'Asc("4")
m_bytIndex(57) = 53 'Asc("5")
m_bytIndex(58) = 54 'Asc("6")
m_bytIndex(59) = 55 'Asc("7")
m_bytIndex(60) = 56 'Asc("8")
m_bytIndex(61) = 57 'Asc("9")
m_bytIndex(62) = 43 'Asc("+")
m_bytIndex(63) = 47 'Asc("/")
m_bytReverseIndex(65) = 0 'Asc("A")
m_bytReverseIndex(66) = 1 'Asc("B")
m_bytReverseIndex(67) = 2 'Asc("C")
m_bytReverseIndex(68) = 3 'Asc("D")
m_bytReverseIndex(69) = 4 'Asc("E")
m_bytReverseIndex(70) = 5 'Asc("F")
m_bytReverseIndex(71) = 6 'Asc("G")
m_bytReverseIndex(72) = 7 'Asc("H")
m_bytReverseIndex(73) = 8 'Asc("I")
m_bytReverseIndex(74) = 9 'Asc("J")
m_bytReverseIndex(75) = 10 'Asc("K")
m_bytReverseIndex(76) = 11 'Asc("L")
m_bytReverseIndex(77) = 12 'Asc("M")
m_bytReverseIndex(78) = 13 'Asc("N")
m_bytReverseIndex(79) = 14 'Asc("O")
m_bytReverseIndex(80) = 15 'Asc("P")
m_bytReverseIndex(81) = 16 'Asc("Q")
m_bytReverseIndex(82) = 17 'Asc("R")
m_bytReverseIndex(83) = 18 'Asc("S")
m_bytReverseIndex(84) = 19 'Asc("T")
m_bytReverseIndex(85) = 20 'Asc("U")
m_bytReverseIndex(86) = 21 'Asc("V")
m_bytReverseIndex(87) = 22 'Asc("W")
m_bytReverseIndex(88) = 23 'Asc("X")
m_bytReverseIndex(89) = 24 'Asc("Y")
m_bytReverseIndex(90) = 25 'Asc("Z")
m_bytReverseIndex(97) = 26 'Asc("a")
m_bytReverseIndex(98) = 27 'Asc("b")
m_bytReverseIndex(99) = 28 'Asc("c")
m_bytReverseIndex(100) = 29 'Asc("d")
m_bytReverseIndex(101) = 30 'Asc("e")
m_bytReverseIndex(102) = 31 'Asc("f")
m_bytReverseIndex(103) = 32 'Asc("g")
m_bytReverseIndex(104) = 33 'Asc("h")
m_bytReverseIndex(105) = 34 'Asc("i")
m_bytReverseIndex(106) = 35 'Asc("j")
m_bytReverseIndex(107) = 36 'Asc("k")
m_bytReverseIndex(108) = 37 'Asc("l")
m_bytReverseIndex(109) = 38 'Asc("m")
m_bytReverseIndex(110) = 39 'Asc("n")
m_bytReverseIndex(111) = 40 'Asc("o")
m_bytReverseIndex(112) = 41 'Asc("p")
m_bytReverseIndex(113) = 42 'Asc("q")
m_bytReverseIndex(114) = 43 'Asc("r")
m_bytReverseIndex(115) = 44 'Asc("s")
m_bytReverseIndex(116) = 45 'Asc("t")
m_bytReverseIndex(117) = 46 'Asc("u")
m_bytReverseIndex(118) = 47 'Asc("v")
m_bytReverseIndex(119) = 48 'Asc("w")
m_bytReverseIndex(120) = 49 'Asc("x")
m_bytReverseIndex(121) = 50 'Asc("y")
m_bytReverseIndex(122) = 51 'Asc("z")
m_bytReverseIndex(48) = 52 'Asc("0")
m_bytReverseIndex(49) = 53 'Asc("1")
m_bytReverseIndex(50) = 54 'Asc("2")
m_bytReverseIndex(51) = 55 'Asc("3")
m_bytReverseIndex(52) = 56 'Asc("4")
m_bytReverseIndex(53) = 57 'Asc("5")
m_bytReverseIndex(54) = 58 'Asc("6")
m_bytReverseIndex(55) = 59 'Asc("7")
m_bytReverseIndex(56) = 60 'Asc("8")
m_bytReverseIndex(57) = 61 'Asc("9")
m_bytReverseIndex(43) = 62 'Asc("+")
m_bytReverseIndex(47) = 63 'Asc("/")
End Sub
JS版的Base64編碼函數(shù)定義
var base64EncodeChars = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/";
var base64DecodeChars = new Array(
-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 62, -1, -1, -1, 63,
52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14,
15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-1, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40,
41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1);
function base64encode(str)
{
var returnVal, i, len;
var c1, c2, c3;
len = str.length;
i = 0;
returnVal = "";
while(i < len)
{
c1 = str.charCodeAt(i++) & 0xff;
if(i == len)
{
returnVal += base64EncodeChars.charAt(c1 >> 2);
returnVal += base64EncodeChars.charAt((c1 & 0x3) << 4);
returnVal += "==";
break;
}
c2 = str.charCodeAt(i++);
if(i == len)
{
returnVal += base64EncodeChars.charAt(c1 >> 2);
returnVal += base64EncodeChars.charAt(((c1 & 0x3)<< 4) | ((c2 & 0xF0) >> 4));
returnVal += base64EncodeChars.charAt((c2 & 0xF) << 2);
returnVal += "=";
break;
}
c3 = str.charCodeAt(i++);
returnVal += base64EncodeChars.charAt(c1 >> 2);
returnVal += base64EncodeChars.charAt(((c1 & 0x3)<< 4) | ((c2 & 0xF0) >> 4));
returnVal += base64EncodeChars.charAt(((c2 & 0xF) << 2) | ((c3 & 0xC0) >>6));
returnVal += base64EncodeChars.charAt(c3 & 0x3F);
}
return returnVal;
}
function base64decode(str)
{
var c1, c2, c3, c4;
var i, len, returnVal;
len = str.length;
i = 0;
returnVal = "";
while(i < len)
{
/* c1 */
do
{
c1 = base64DecodeChars[str.charCodeAt(i++) & 0xff];
} while(i < len && c1 == -1);
if(c1 == -1)
break;
/* c2 */
do
{
c2 = base64DecodeChars[str.charCodeAt(i++) & 0xff];
} while(i < len && c2 == -1);
if(c2 == -1)
break;
returnVal += String.fromCharCode((c1 << 2) | ((c2 & 0x30) >> 4));
/* c3 */
do
{
c3 = str.charCodeAt(i++) & 0xff;
if(c3 == 61)
return returnVal;
c3 = base64DecodeChars[c3];
} while(i < len && c3 == -1);
if(c3 == -1)
break;
returnVal += String.fromCharCode(((c2 & 0XF) << 4) | ((c3 & 0x3C) >> 2));
/* c4 */
do
{
c4 = str.charCodeAt(i++) & 0xff;
if(c4 == 61)
return returnVal;
c4 = base64DecodeChars[c4];
} while(i < len && c4 == -1);
if(c4 == -1)
break;
returnVal += String.fromCharCode(((c3 & 0x03) << 6) | c4);
}
return returnVal;
}
AS3版的Base64 package crypto{
import flash.utils.ByteArray;
public class Base64 {
private static const BASE64_CHARS:String = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/=";
public static function encode(data:String):String {
// Convert string to ByteArray
var bytes:ByteArray = new ByteArray();
bytes.writeUTFBytes(data);
// Return encoded ByteArray
return encodeByteArray(bytes);
}
public static function encodeByteArray(data:ByteArray):String {
// Initialise output
var output:String = "";
// Create data and output buffers
var dataBuffer:Array;
var outputBuffer:Array = new Array(4);
// Rewind ByteArray
data.position = 0;
// while there are still bytes to be processed
while (data.bytesAvailable > 0) {
// Create new data buffer and populate next 3 bytes from data
dataBuffer = new Array();
for (var i:uint = 0; i < 3 && data.bytesAvailable > 0; i++) {
dataBuffer
= data.readUnsignedByte();
}
// Convert to data buffer Base64 character positions and
// store in output buffer
outputBuffer[0] = (dataBuffer[0] & 0xfc) >> 2;
outputBuffer[1] = ((dataBuffer[0] & 0x03) << 4) | ((dataBuffer[1]) >> 4);
outputBuffer[2] = ((dataBuffer[1] & 0x0f) << 2) | ((dataBuffer[2]) >> 6);
outputBuffer[3] = dataBuffer[2] & 0x3f;
// If data buffer was short (i.e not 3 characters) then set
// end character indexes in data buffer to index of '=' symbol.
// This is necessary because Base64 data is always a multiple of
// 4 bytes and is basses with '=' symbols.
for (var j:uint = dataBuffer.length; j < 3; j++) {
outputBuffer[j + 1] = 64;
}
// Loop through output buffer and add Base64 characters to
// encoded data string for each character.
for (var k:uint = 0; k < outputBuffer.length; k++) {
output += BASE64_CHARS.charAt(outputBuffer[k]);
}
}
// Return encoded data
return output;
}
public static function decode(data:String):String {
// Decode data to ByteArray
var bytes:ByteArray = decodeToByteArray(data);
// Convert to string and return
return bytes.readUTFBytes(bytes.length);
}
public static function decodeToByteArray(data:String):ByteArray {
// Initialise output ByteArray for decoded data
var output:ByteArray = new ByteArray();
// Create data and output buffers
var dataBuffer:Array = new Array(4);
var outputBuffer:Array = new Array(3);
// While there are data bytes left to be processed
for (var i:uint = 0; i < data.length; i += 4) {
// Populate data buffer with position of Base64 characters for
// next 4 bytes from encoded data
for (var j:uint = 0; j < 4 && i + j < data.length; j++) {
dataBuffer[j] = BASE64_CHARS.indexOf(data.charAt(i + j));
}
// Decode data buffer back into bytes
outputBuffer[0] = (dataBuffer[0] << 2) + ((dataBuffer[1] & 0x30) >> 4);
outputBuffer[1] = ((dataBuffer[1] & 0x0f) << 4) + ((dataBuffer[2] & 0x3c) >> 2);
outputBuffer[2] = ((dataBuffer[2] & 0x03) << 6) + dataBuffer[3];
// Add all non-padded bytes in output buffer to decoded data
for (var k:uint = 0; k < outputBuffer.length; k++) {
if (dataBuffer[k+1] == 64) break;
output.writeByte(outputBuffer[k]);
}
}
// Rewind decoded data ByteArray
output.position = 0;
// Return decoded data
return output;
}
public function Base64() {
throw new Error("Base64 class is static container only");
}
}
} JS實現(xiàn)BASE64加密、解密算法
此算法只適用于加密ASCII映射表中的字符組成的字符串,不能處理中文字符串等:
腳本如下:
<script language=javascript>
var base64EncodeChars = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/";
var base64DecodeChars = new Array(
-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 62, -1, -1, -1, 63,
52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14,
15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-1, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40,
41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1);
function base64encode(str) {
var out, i, len;
var c1, c2, c3;
len = str.length;
i = 0;
out = "";
while(i < len) {
c1 = str.charCodeAt(i++) & 0xff;
if(i == len)
{
out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(c1 >> 2);
out += base64EncodeChars.charAt((c1 & 0x3) << 4);
out += "==";
break;
}
c2 = str.charCodeAt(i++);
if(i == len)
{
out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(c1 >> 2);
out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(((c1 & 0x3)<< 4) | ((c2 & 0xF0) >> 4));
out += base64EncodeChars.charAt((c2 & 0xF) << 2);
out += "=";
break;
}
c3 = str.charCodeAt(i++);
out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(c1 >> 2);
out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(((c1 & 0x3)<< 4) | ((c2 & 0xF0) >> 4));
out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(((c2 & 0xF) << 2) | ((c3 & 0xC0) >>6));
out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(c3 & 0x3F);
}
return out;
}
function base64decode(str) {
var c1, c2, c3, c4;
var i, len, out;
len = str.length;
i = 0;
out = "";
while(i < len) {
/* c1 */
do {
c1 = base64DecodeChars[str.charCodeAt(i++) & 0xff];
} while(i < len && c1 == -1);
if(c1 == -1)
break;
/* c2 */
do {
c2 = base64DecodeChars[str.charCodeAt(i++) & 0xff];
} while(i < len && c2 == -1);
if(c2 == -1)
break;
out += String.fromCharCode((c1 << 2) | ((c2 & 0x30) >> 4));
/* c3 */
do {
c3 = str.charCodeAt(i++) & 0xff;
if(c3 == 61)
return out;
c3 = base64DecodeChars[c3];
} while(i < len && c3 == -1);
if(c3 == -1)
break;
out += String.fromCharCode(((c2 & 0XF) << 4) | ((c3 & 0x3C) >> 2));
/* c4 */
do {
c4 = str.charCodeAt(i++) & 0xff;
if(c4 == 61)
return out;
c4 = base64DecodeChars[c4];
} while(i < len && c4 == -1);
if(c4 == -1)
break;
out += String.fromCharCode(((c3 & 0x03) << 6) | c4);
}
return out;
}
</script>
================================================================================
================================================================================
================================================================================
以下代碼可以加密或處理UTF字符串:
以及實例:
<table width="773" border="0" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td>
<script language=javascript>
var base64EncodeChars = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/";
var base64DecodeChars = new Array(
-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 62, -1, -1, -1, 63,
52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14,
15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
-1, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40,
41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1);
function base64encode(str) {
var out, i, len;
var c1, c2, c3;
len = str.length;
i = 0;
out = "";
while(i < len) {
c1 = str.charCodeAt(i++) & 0xff;
if(i == len)
{
out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(c1 >> 2);
out += base64EncodeChars.charAt((c1 & 0x3) << 4);
out += "==";
break;
}
c2 = str.charCodeAt(i++);
if(i == len)
{
out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(c1 >> 2);
out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(((c1 & 0x3)<< 4) | ((c2 & 0xF0) >> 4));
out += base64EncodeChars.charAt((c2 & 0xF) << 2);
out += "=";
break;
}
c3 = str.charCodeAt(i++);
out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(c1 >> 2);
out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(((c1 & 0x3)<< 4) | ((c2 & 0xF0) >> 4));
out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(((c2 & 0xF) << 2) | ((c3 & 0xC0) >>6));
out += base64EncodeChars.charAt(c3 & 0x3F);
}
return out;
}
function base64decode(str) {
var c1, c2, c3, c4;
var i, len, out;
len = str.length;
i = 0;
out = "";
while(i < len) {
/* c1 */
do {
c1 = base64DecodeChars[str.charCodeAt(i++) & 0xff];
} while(i < len && c1 == -1);
if(c1 == -1)
break;
/* c2 */
do {
c2 = base64DecodeChars[str.charCodeAt(i++) & 0xff];
} while(i < len && c2 == -1);
if(c2 == -1)
break;
out += String.fromCharCode((c1 << 2) | ((c2 & 0x30) >> 4));
/* c3 */
do {
c3 = str.charCodeAt(i++) & 0xff;
if(c3 == 61)
return out;
c3 = base64DecodeChars[c3];
} while(i < len && c3 == -1);
if(c3 == -1)
break;
out += String.fromCharCode(((c2 & 0XF) << 4) | ((c3 & 0x3C) >> 2));
/* c4 */
do {
c4 = str.charCodeAt(i++) & 0xff;
if(c4 == 61)
return out;
c4 = base64DecodeChars[c4];
} while(i < len && c4 == -1);
if(c4 == -1)
break;
out += String.fromCharCode(((c3 & 0x03) << 6) | c4);
}
return out;
}
function utf16to8(str) {
var out, i, len, c;
out = "";
len = str.length;
for(i = 0; i < len; i++) {
c = str.charCodeAt(i);
if ((c >= 0x0001) && (c <= 0x007F)) {
out += str.charAt(i);
} else if (c > 0x07FF) {
out += String.fromCharCode(0xE0 | ((c >> 12) & 0x0F));
out += String.fromCharCode(0x80 | ((c >> 6) & 0x3F));
out += String.fromCharCode(0x80 | ((c >> 0) & 0x3F));
} else {
out += String.fromCharCode(0xC0 | ((c >> 6) & 0x1F));
out += String.fromCharCode(0x80 | ((c >> 0) & 0x3F));
}
}
return out;
}
function utf8to16(str) {
var out, i, len, c;
var char2, char3;
out = "";
len = str.length;
i = 0;
while(i < len) {
c = str.charCodeAt(i++);
switch(c >> 4)
{
case 0: case 1: case 2: case 3: case 4: case 5: case 6: case 7:
// 0xxxxxxx
out += str.charAt(i-1);
break;
case 12: case 13:
// 110x xxxx 10xx xxxx
char2 = str.charCodeAt(i++);
out += String.fromCharCode(((c & 0x1F) << 6) | (char2 & 0x3F));
break;
case 14:
// 1110 xxxx 10xx xxxx 10xx xxxx
char2 = str.charCodeAt(i++);
char3 = str.charCodeAt(i++);
out += String.fromCharCode(((c & 0x0F) << 12) |
((char2 & 0x3F) << 6) |
((char3 & 0x3F) << 0));
break;
}
}
return out;
}
function doit() {
var f = document.f
f.output.value = base64encode(f.source.value)
f.decode.value = base64decode(f.output.value)
}
</script>
<H1 align="center">Base64編碼加密
</H1>
<FORM NAME="f">
原碼<BR>
<TEXTAREA NAME="source" ROWS=4 COLS=60 WRAP="soft"></TEXTAREA><BR><BR>
Base64 encode<BR>
<TEXTAREA NAME="output" ROWS=4 COLS=60 WRAP="soft"></TEXTAREA><BR><BR>
Base64 decode<BR>
<TEXTAREA NAME="decode" ROWS=4 COLS=60 WRAP="soft"></TEXTAREA><BR><BR>
<INPUT TYPE=BUTTON VALUE="轉(zhuǎn)換" ONCLICK="doit()">
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C#實現(xiàn)BASE64加密、解密算法
方法一:自己完成算法實現(xiàn)
/// <summary>
/// Base64加密
/// </summary>
/// <param name="Message"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public string Base64Code(string Message)
{
char[] Base64Code = new char[]{'A','B','C','D','E','F','G','H','I','J','K','L','M','N','O','P','Q','R','S','T',
'U','V','W','X','Y','Z','a','b','c','d','e','f','g','h','i','j','k','l','m','n',
'o','p','q','r','s','t','u','v','w','x','y','z','0','1','2','3','4','5','6','7',
'8','9','+','/','='};
byte empty = (byte)0;
System.Collections.ArrayList byteMessage = new System.Collections.ArrayList(System.Text.Encoding.Default.GetBytes(Message));
System.Text.StringBuilder outmessage;
int messageLen = byteMessage.Count;
//將字符分成3個字節(jié)一組,如果不足,則以0補齊
int page = messageLen / 3;
int use = 0;
if ((use = messageLen % 3) > 0)
{
for (int i = 0; i < 3 - use; i++)
byteMessage.Add(empty);
page++;
}
//將3個字節(jié)的每組字符轉(zhuǎn)換成4個字節(jié)一組的。3個一組,一組一組變成4個字節(jié)一組
//方法是:轉(zhuǎn)換成ASCII碼,按順序排列24 位數(shù)據(jù),再把這24位數(shù)據(jù)分成4組,即每組6位。再在每組的的最高位前補兩個0湊足一個字節(jié)。
outmessage = new System.Text.StringBuilder(page * 4);
for (int i = 0; i < page; i++)
{
//取一組3個字節(jié)的組
byte[] instr = new byte[3];
instr[0] = (byte)byteMessage[i * 3];
instr[1] = (byte)byteMessage[i * 3 + 1];
instr[2] = (byte)byteMessage[i * 3 + 2];
//六個位為一組,補0變成4個字節(jié)
int[] outstr = new int[4];
//第一個輸出字節(jié):取第一輸入字節(jié)的前6位,并且在高位補0,使其變成8位(一個字節(jié))
outstr[0] = instr[0] >> 2;
//第二個輸出字節(jié):取第一輸入字節(jié)的后2位和第二個輸入字節(jié)的前4位(共6位),并且在高位補0,使其變成8位(一個字節(jié))
outstr[1] = ((instr[0] & 0x03) << 4) ^ (instr[1] >> 4);
//第三個輸出字節(jié):取第二輸入字節(jié)的后4位和第三個輸入字節(jié)的前2位(共6位),并且在高位補0,使其變成8位(一個字節(jié))
if (!instr[1].Equals(empty))
outstr[2] = ((instr[1] & 0x0f) << 2) ^ (instr[2] >> 6);
else
outstr[2] = 64;
//第四個輸出字節(jié):取第三輸入字節(jié)的后6位,并且在高位補0,使其變成8位(一個字節(jié))
if (!instr[2].Equals(empty))
outstr[3] = (instr[2] & 0x3f);
else
outstr[3] = 64;
outmessage.Append(Base64Code[outstr[0]]);
outmessage.Append(Base64Code[outstr[1]]);
outmessage.Append(Base64Code[outstr[2]]);
outmessage.Append(Base64Code[outstr[3]]);
}
return outmessage.ToString();
}
/// <summary>
/// Base64解密
/// </summary>
/// <param name="Message"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public string Base64Decode(string Message)
{
if ((Message.Length % 4) != 0)
{
throw new ArgumentException("不是正確的BASE64編碼,請檢查。", "Message");
}
if (!System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex.IsMatch(Message, "^[A-Z0-9/+=]*$", System.Text.RegularExpressions.RegexOptions.IgnoreCase))
{
throw new ArgumentException("包含不正確的BASE64編碼,請檢查。", "Message");
}
string Base64Code = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/=";
int page = Message.Length / 4;
System.Collections.ArrayList outMessage = new System.Collections.ArrayList(page * 3);
char[] message = Message.ToCharArray();
for (int i = 0; i < page; i++)
{
byte[] instr = new byte[4];
instr[0] = (byte)Base64Code.IndexOf(message[i * 4]);
instr[1] = (byte)Base64Code.IndexOf(message[i * 4 + 1]);
instr[2] = (byte)Base64Code.IndexOf(message[i * 4 + 2]);
instr[3] = (byte)Base64Code.IndexOf(message[i * 4 + 3]);
byte[] outstr = new byte[3];
outstr[0] = (byte)((instr[0] << 2) ^ ((instr[1] & 0x30) >> 4));
if (instr[2] != 64)
{
outstr[1] = (byte)((instr[1] << 4) ^ ((instr[2] & 0x3c) >> 2));
}
else
{
outstr[2] = 0;
}
if (instr[3] != 64)
{
outstr[2] = (byte)((instr[2] << 6) ^ instr[3]);
}
else
{
outstr[2] = 0;
}
outMessage.Add(outstr[0]);
if (outstr[1] != 0)
outMessage.Add(outstr[1]);
if (outstr[2] != 0)
outMessage.Add(outstr[2]);
}
byte[] outbyte = (byte[])outMessage.ToArray(Type.GetType("System.Byte"));
return System.Text.Encoding.Default.GetString(outbyte);
}
方法二:直接使用.NET中的的庫類函數(shù)
/// <summary>
/// Base64加密
/// </summary>
/// <param name="Message"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public string Base64Code(string Message)
{
byte[] bytes = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(Message);
return Convert.ToBase64String(bytes);
}
/// <summary>
/// Base64解密
/// </summary>
/// <param name="Message"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public string Base64Decode(string Message)
{
byte[] bytes = Convert.FromBase64String(Message);
return Encoding.Default.GetString(bytes);
}
Base64-MIME
在MIME格式的電子郵件中,base64可以用來將binary的字節(jié)序列數(shù)據(jù)編碼成ASCII字符序列構(gòu)成的文本。使用時,在傳輸編碼方式中指定base64。使用的字符包括大小寫字母各26個,加上10個數(shù)字,和加號“+”,斜杠“/”,一共64個字符,等號“=”用來作為后綴用途。
完整的base64定義可見 RFC1421和 RFC2045。編碼后的數(shù)據(jù)比原始數(shù)據(jù)略長,為原來的4/3。在電子郵件中,根據(jù)RFC822規(guī)定,每76個字符,還需要加上一個回車換行??梢怨浪憔幋a后數(shù)據(jù)長度大約為原長的135.1%。
轉(zhuǎn)換的時候,將三個byte的數(shù)據(jù),先后放入一個24bit的緩沖區(qū)中,先來的byte占高位。數(shù)據(jù)不足3byte的話,于緩沖區(qū)中剩下的Bit用0補足。然后,每次取出6個bit,按照其值選擇ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/中的字符作為編碼后的輸出。不斷進行,直到全部輸入數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換完成。
如果最后剩下兩個輸入數(shù)據(jù),在編碼結(jié)果后加1個“=”;如果最后剩下一個輸入數(shù)據(jù),編碼結(jié)果后加2個“=”;如果沒有剩下任何數(shù)據(jù),就什么都不要加,這樣才可以保證資料還原的正確性。
舉例來說,一段引用自Thomas Hobbes's Leviathan的文句:
Man is distinguished, not only by his reason, but by this singular passion from other animals, which is a lust of the mind, that by a perseverance of delight in the continued and indefatigable generation of knowledge, exceeds the short vehemence of any carnal pleasure.
經(jīng)過base64編碼之后變成:
TWFuIGlzIGRpc3Rpbmd1aXNoZWQsIG5vdCBvbmx5IGJ5IGhpcyByZWFzb24sIGJ1dCBieSB0aGlz
IHNpbmd1bGFyIHBhc3Npb24gZnJvbSBvdGhlciBhbmltYWxzLCB3aGljaCBpcyBhIGx1c3Qgb2Yg
dGhlIG1pbmQsIHRoYXQgYnkgYSBwZXJzZXZlcmFuY2Ugb2YgZGVsaWdodCBpbiB0aGUgY29udGlu
dWVkIGFuZCBpbmRlZmF0aWdhYmxlIGdlbmVyYXRpb24gb2Yga25vd2xlZGdlLCBleGNlZWRzIHRo
ZSBzaG9ydCB2ZWhlbWVuY2Ugb2YgYW55IGNhcm5hbCBwbGVhc3VyZS4=