科學(xué)家們通常把兒童生命中的頭十年稱作“機(jī)會(huì)之窗”。在這段時(shí)期內(nèi)，任何事情都對(duì)大腦的發(fā)育極其重要。這段時(shí)期也是大腦大部分神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)發(fā)育完成的時(shí)期。毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，閱讀有益于提高兒童的智商，但是令人驚訝的是，電子游戲和體育運(yùn)動(dòng)也能讓孩子們變得更聰明。
當(dāng)然，大部分活動(dòng)對(duì)于成年人來(lái)說(shuō)也有益處。大人們可以和孩子一起學(xué)習(xí)外語(yǔ)，吃一頓豐盛的早餐，那樣他們也會(huì)變得更聰明。
Engage in music-making
Studies show that learning music makes kids smarter.
On average, music students perform better onstandardized tests and have higher overall GPAs.
In one experiment, it was found that taking pianolessons even helped raised IQ significantly.
1. 音樂熏陶
研究證明，學(xué)習(xí)音樂能夠讓孩子變得更聰明。在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化考試中，學(xué)習(xí)音樂的學(xué)生比其他學(xué)生表現(xiàn)的更好，平均分也更高。一項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)甚至指出，上鋼琴課能夠顯著提高智商。
Eat a good breakfast
A child's brain needs a proper balance of nutrientssuch as glucose, iron, vitamin A, vitamin B, zinc, and folic acid.
Kids who eat breakfast have better memory and longerattention spans.
Whole grain cereals and oatmeal have been found to bea better start to the day than sugary cereals like Cap'n Crunch.
With toddlers, breastfeeding has been shown to improvehealth and intelligence.
2. 早餐要吃好
小孩的腦部發(fā)育需要許多營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)，比如葡萄糖、鐵、維他命A、B、鋅、葉酸（維生素B）。吃早餐的孩子記憶力好，注意力集中程度也較高。早餐最好是全谷類食品和燕麥片，而不是像Cap'n Crunch這樣含糖的谷類食品。有證據(jù)證明，母乳喂養(yǎng)有助于提高孩子的抵抗力和智商。
Play Video Games
Studies show that video games can improve many skills.According to the UC Berkeley study, video games can improve:
hand-eyecoordination,problemsolving ability,reasoning,patternrecognition,accuracy ofestimations,hypothesistesting,resourcemanagement,quickthinking and reacting,memory,spatialperception,judgmentcalls.
3. 適當(dāng)打打電子游戲
電子游戲有助于改善多種技能。根據(jù)根據(jù)加州大學(xué)伯克利分校的一份研究顯示，電子游戲能夠改善手眼協(xié)調(diào)能力、解決問(wèn)題的能力、推理能力、圖像識(shí)別能力、判斷能力、假設(shè)檢驗(yàn)?zāi)芰?、資源管理能力、快速思考和反應(yīng)的能力、記憶力、空間感知能力和決策能力。
Limit television time
Of course, too much of anything can still be badthing. Kids still need time away from the TV to develop social skills and dohomework. For toddlers and infants, it has been found that TVhas no educational benefits for kids under 2.
4. 限制孩子看電視的時(shí)間
當(dāng)然，太多的干某件事情會(huì)適得其反。孩子們?nèi)匀恍枰鳒p一些看電視的時(shí)間來(lái)發(fā)展他們的社交能力或者做作業(yè)。
Unstructured play time should be mandatary
Unstructured playtime has always been an importantpart of "being a kid," but it is also crucial to a child'sdevelopment. Hovering and over-parenting is linked with psychological problems. "Free play" not only helps kids developcognitive and social skills, it also helps them develop into happy, healthyadults in the future.
5. 必須讓孩子自由玩耍
對(duì)于小孩來(lái)說(shuō)，自由玩耍是非常重要的一部分，同時(shí)也對(duì)他們的成長(zhǎng)至關(guān)重要。如果父母老是在一旁或者管的太多，容易使孩子產(chǎn)生心理問(wèn)題。
自由玩耍不僅能幫助孩子發(fā)展認(rèn)知能力和社交能力，還能讓他們成長(zhǎng)為快樂健康的成年人。
20 minutes of exercise helps kids too
A Swedish study of over a million 18-year-olds showedthat fitness does relate to a person's IQ. The specifics of how exercise affects brain growth anddevelopment is unclear, but studies show that for 9 and 10-year-olds, 20minutes of exercise before a test significantly improves test scores.
6. 20分鐘的體育鍛煉
瑞典一項(xiàng)基于100萬(wàn)18周歲人群的研究顯示，健康和一個(gè)人的智商息息相關(guān)。人們現(xiàn)在還不清楚體育鍛煉是怎樣影響大腦發(fā)育的，但是研究顯示，如果9至10歲在接受測(cè)驗(yàn)前進(jìn)行過(guò)20分鐘的體育鍛煉，測(cè)驗(yàn)分?jǐn)?shù)有顯著提高。
Reading with your kids
Reading has long been known as away to improve children's intelligence. Kids who are read to frequently developearlier writing and number skills as well. For parents who don't have as muchtime, just surrounding your kids with books goes a long way too.
7. 和孩子一起閱讀
人們很早就知道閱讀有助于提高兒童的智商。經(jīng)常閱讀的孩子的寫作和算術(shù)能力比其他孩子發(fā)展的要早。如果父母沒有那么多的時(shí)間，那么拿著書和孩子們呆在一起也會(huì)大有幫助。
Put kids to bed early
Studies from a California-based group called SRIInternational show that kids with regular bedtimes are better at languages,math, and reading.
Preschool children should get at least eleven hours of sleep, and kids upto age 12 should try to get at least ten hours of sleep.
8. 讓孩子早點(diǎn)睡覺
總部設(shè)在加州的斯坦福研究院的研究顯示，作息時(shí)間規(guī)律的小孩在語(yǔ)言、數(shù)學(xué)和閱讀等方面表現(xiàn)的比其他孩子要好。學(xué)齡前的兒童至少應(yīng)該保證11個(gè)小時(shí)的睡眠，12歲的小孩也應(yīng)該至少保證10個(gè)小時(shí)的睡眠。
Praise good effort, not intelligence
Your kids may be smart, but you should focus yourpraise on the effort they put into succeeding at tasks. Kids who are praised onintelligence often feel it is a fixed trait, and mistakes or failures severelyhurt their self-confidence. Kids who are praised on effort often focus more onlearning, and are not afraid of a challenge, or to fail and try again.
9. 鼓勵(lì)孩子多嘗試，不要只注重結(jié)果
孩子們可能很聰明，但是父母更應(yīng)該注重對(duì)孩子們完成任務(wù)時(shí)所作出的努力給與鼓勵(lì)。如果父母總是在孩子們獲得成功時(shí)才給與鼓勵(lì)的話，孩子們會(huì)認(rèn)為這是一種固定的模式，任何錯(cuò)誤或者失敗都會(huì)打擊到他們的自信心。被父母鼓勵(lì)多嘗試的孩子更多地注重學(xué)習(xí)，也不怕挑戰(zhàn)和失敗，他們會(huì)一次次的嘗試。
Learn a second languageEarly studies in this field have preliminarily shownthat bilingual kids can focus better under pressure and focus better onrelevant information.Research is being done still, but many argue that thepeak of language learning ability ends before puberty.
It has been shown that young children canlearn new languages with nearly perfect fluency and pronunciation.
10. 學(xué)習(xí)一門外語(yǔ)
這一領(lǐng)域先前的研究表明，會(huì)說(shuō)兩門語(yǔ)言的孩子在壓力環(huán)境下更能集中精神，對(duì)于相關(guān)信息的專注度也更高。相關(guān)方面的研究還在繼續(xù)，但是許多人認(rèn)為，語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)能力在青春期前達(dá)到頂峰，而后就保持在固定的水平。還有證據(jù)表明，孩子學(xué)習(xí)起新語(yǔ)言來(lái)會(huì)非常流暢，發(fā)音也更為準(zhǔn)確。
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