一、賓語從句定義:在句子中期賓語作用的從句,換句話說,整個賓語從句相當(dāng)于一個賓語成分。
從屬代詞:that,if,whether
連接代詞:who,whom,whose,what
連接副詞:when,where,why,how
例子:He told me(that)he would go to college the next year.
(一)從屬連詞:that, if , whether。單純起連接作用,在句子中不充當(dāng)任何成分。
that 可以不翻譯成任何意思,if/whether翻譯成“是否”。
1.He said that he was there yesterday.
2.He doesn't know if / whether he was there.
(二)連接代詞:who(誰),whom(誰),whose(誰的),what(什么)
1.Do you know who has won the game?
2.Do you know whom he likes ?
3.Do you know whose book it is ?
4.Do you know what he is looking at ?
溫馨提示:句子中賓語從句的語序是 主——謂——賓。當(dāng)疑問詞是主語的時候語序還是主謂賓(如例1),當(dāng)疑問詞不是主語,有自己的主語,也是按照主謂賓排列,但是這個賓語正是我們要疑問的部分,疑問詞一定要提前,且句子的其他順序不變(如例2)
(三)連接副詞:when,where,why,how
1.He wants to know when the party is.
譯文大意:他想知道聚會是什么時候的。
賓語從句“the party is”,缺時間狀語,用when,正常語序?yàn)椤皌he party is when(什么時候)”,賓語從句疑問詞提前為“when the party is”
2.He wants to know where the party is.
譯文大意:他想知道聚會是在什么地方舉行。
賓語從句“the party is”,缺地點(diǎn)狀語,用where,正常語序?yàn)椤皌he party is where(什么地方)”,賓語從句疑問詞提前為“where the party is”
3.He wants to know why they have a party.
譯文大意:他想知道為什么會舉行聚會。
賓語從句“they have a party”,缺原因狀語,用why。
4.He wants to know how they come.
譯文大意:他想知道他們是怎么來的。
賓語從句“how they come”,缺方式狀語,用how。
二、練習(xí)(答案在文末)
1.He doesn't know ______ she is at school.
2.He wants to know _______ she is .
3.He wants to know ________ she comes.
________
________
________
4.He wants to know ________ she is reading.
5.He wants to know ________ book it is .