疑問(wèn)句是按照句子的語(yǔ)氣分出來(lái)的一個(gè)類(lèi),它與陳述句、感嘆句、祈使句的最大區(qū)別就是它的疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)氣。疑問(wèn)句是問(wèn)一些事情的,一般疑問(wèn)句是疑問(wèn)句的一種。它是指用yes(是)或no(否)來(lái)回答的句子。其結(jié)構(gòu)是:系動(dòng)詞be/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)+其他成分。另外,在改成否定句的時(shí)候注意把too改成either,both改成neither,all改成none等.在改成一般疑問(wèn)句的時(shí)候,常常把第一人稱(chēng)I、we改成第二人稱(chēng)you。3.陳述句中只有一個(gè)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞作謂語(yǔ)且其時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),變?yōu)橐话阋蓡?wèn)句時(shí)要在句首加do或does 主語(yǔ)后的實(shí)義動(dòng)詞用原形。
一般疑問(wèn)句是疑問(wèn)句的一種。它是只用yes(是)或no(否)來(lái)回答的句子。其結(jié)構(gòu)是:
系動(dòng)詞be/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)+其他成分
通?;卮馂椋?
肯定:Yes,主語(yǔ)+提問(wèn)的系動(dòng)詞be/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞.
否定:No,主語(yǔ)+提問(wèn)的系動(dòng)詞be/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的否定形式.
英語(yǔ)教練專(zhuān)家明確指出,在不同情況下,疑問(wèn)句根據(jù)句子意思分為一般疑問(wèn)句和特殊疑問(wèn)句。
這里著重分析的是一般疑問(wèn)句的用法,及在實(shí)際運(yùn)用中遇到的一些狀況。
A:一般疑問(wèn)句:以be動(dòng)詞, have /has/do等助動(dòng)詞、can/may等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞開(kāi)頭,以yes或no來(lái)回答的問(wèn)句。 它的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是:Be/Have /Has/Did等助動(dòng)詞(包括情態(tài)動(dòng)詞)+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)(包括表語(yǔ))+┄?回答常用簡(jiǎn)略回答。
1、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是be動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí),只要直接把這些詞置于句首,句末改成問(wèn)號(hào)。
2、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是行為動(dòng)詞時(shí),必須在句首加上助動(dòng)詞Do、Does(三單)、Did(過(guò)去式)加上這些助動(dòng)詞后,句子中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須用原形。
注意:在把肯定句改成否定句或一般疑問(wèn)句的時(shí)候,要注意句中是否有already、some、something、somebody等詞,如果有也必須進(jìn)行改變,already要改成yet,some、something、somebody等分別改成any、anything、anybody等。另外,在改成否定句的時(shí)候注意把too改成either,both改成neither,all改成none等.在改成一般疑問(wèn)句的時(shí)候,常常把第一人稱(chēng)I、we改成第二人稱(chēng)you。
如:
Are you from Japan﹖
Yes, I am. / No, I'm not.
Is her sister doing her homework now﹖
Yes, she is. / No, she isn't.
Does he work in a bank﹖
Yes, he does. / No, he doesn't.
Do you live near your school﹖
Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
Can you speak French﹖
Yes, I can. / No, I can't.
May I go home now﹖
Yes, you may. / No, you mustn't.
1.將陳述句變?yōu)橐话阋蓡?wèn)句時(shí),如句中有be 動(dòng)詞(am/ is/ are)時(shí),可直接將它們提至主語(yǔ)前。如主語(yǔ)為第一人稱(chēng),應(yīng)將其改為第二人稱(chēng)。如:
I'm in Class 2Grade 1. →
Are you in Class 2Grade 1﹖
We're watching TV. →
Are you watching TV﹖
2.陳述句中有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(can、may、must …)時(shí),也可直接將它們提至主語(yǔ)前,即可成為一般疑問(wèn)句。如:
He can swim now. →
Can he swim now﹖
The children may come with us. → May the children come with us﹖
3.陳述句中只有一個(gè)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞作謂語(yǔ)且其時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),變?yōu)橐话阋蓡?wèn)句時(shí)要在句首加do或does 主語(yǔ)后的實(shí)義動(dòng)詞用原形。如:
I like these animals. →
Do you like these animals﹖
She wants to go to the movies. → Does she want to go to the movies﹖
4.一般疑問(wèn)句一般讀升調(diào)(↑)
5.一般疑問(wèn)句有時(shí)不用yes或 no 回答。如:
Are they in town now﹖
I think so.
May I sit here﹖
Certainly.
Does he like soccer﹖
Sorry I don't know.
6. 一般疑問(wèn)句的第一單詞總是虛詞,讀的時(shí)候要讀輕聲。
特殊疑問(wèn)句以疑問(wèn)詞開(kāi)頭,對(duì)句中某一成分提問(wèn)的句子叫特殊疑問(wèn)句。常用的疑問(wèn)詞有:what(什么), who(誰(shuí)), whose(誰(shuí)的), which(哪個(gè)), when(何時(shí)), where(哪里), how(怎樣), why(為何)how many(有多少),how much(多少錢(qián))等。
特殊疑問(wèn)句有兩種語(yǔ)序:
1.如疑問(wèn)詞作主語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ),即對(duì)主語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)提問(wèn),其語(yǔ)序是陳述句的語(yǔ)序:疑問(wèn)詞(+主語(yǔ))+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+其他成分?
tips可理解為如疑問(wèn)詞作主語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)(Whose),即對(duì)主語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)提問(wèn),其語(yǔ)序是陳述句的語(yǔ)序:疑問(wèn)詞(+主語(yǔ))+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+其他成分如:
who is singing in the room﹖
whose bike is broken﹖
2.如疑問(wèn)詞作其他成分,即對(duì)其他成分提問(wèn),其語(yǔ)序是:疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序?如:
what class are you in﹖
What does she look like﹖
Where are you from﹖
What time does he get up every morning﹖
How do you know﹖
其他事項(xiàng)1.回答特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí),不能用yes / no,即問(wèn)什么答什么,尤其是簡(jiǎn)略回答。括號(hào)內(nèi)是完整回答所需部分。如:
Who is from Canada﹖
Helen (is from Canada).
Where's the restaurant﹖
(It is)Near the station.
Why do you like koalas﹖
(I like koalas)Because they are cute.
2.特殊疑問(wèn)句一般讀降調(diào)(↓)。
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