倒計(jì)時(shí)
距離2020年11 月1日同等學(xué)力申碩考試僅有75天！
工商管理
下列屬于藍(lán)海戰(zhàn)略的是（ ）。
A、已存在的行業(yè) B、未知的市場空間 C、未確立游戲規(guī)則
D、過去的、老化的戰(zhàn)略 E、新時(shí)代、有活力的戰(zhàn)略
參考答案提示：BCE。解析：藍(lán)海戰(zhàn)略的特征一般包括：未出現(xiàn)的行業(yè)；尚未開發(fā)的市場；沒有游戲規(guī)則；沒有競爭；天高海闊憑魚躍；新時(shí)代、有活力的戰(zhàn)略。
具體指引詳見考綱《企業(yè)戰(zhàn)略管理》第4章第3節(jié)P235頁。
法學(xué)
下列關(guān)于特別行政區(qū)制度的表述正確的是（ ）。
A、特別行政區(qū)直轄于中央人民政府
B、中央人民政府負(fù)責(zé)管理特別行政區(qū)的防務(wù)
C、特別行政區(qū)享有依法自行處理有關(guān)外交事務(wù)的權(quán)力
D、特別行政區(qū)行政長官由中央人民政府任命
參考答案：ABD。
具體指引詳見考綱《憲法》第4章3節(jié)373--378頁。
經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)
在法律的保障下改變財(cái)產(chǎn)的經(jīng)濟(jì)用途或狀態(tài)的可能性，是（ ）。
A、占有權(quán) B、使用權(quán)
C、收益權(quán) D、處分權(quán)
參考答案提示：D。解析：所有權(quán)的權(quán)能包括：占有權(quán)能（對(duì)財(cái)產(chǎn)直接加以控制的可能性）；使用權(quán)能（指不改變財(cái)產(chǎn)的所有和占有性質(zhì)，依其用途而對(duì)其加以利用的可能性）；收益權(quán)能（指獲取基于財(cái)產(chǎn)而產(chǎn)生的經(jīng)濟(jì)利益的可能性）；處分權(quán)能（指法律所保障的改變財(cái)產(chǎn)的經(jīng)濟(jì)用途或狀態(tài)的可能性）。
具體指引詳見考綱《社會(huì)主義經(jīng)濟(jì)理論》第4章第1節(jié)P50頁。
心理學(xué)
公共因素方差（名詞解釋）
參考答案：一般用h2表示，又稱為共同性或公共性，是指公共因素所決定的方差在觀測變量總方差中所占的比例。
具體指引詳見考綱《心理學(xué)研究方法》第4章第2節(jié)。
管理科學(xué)與工程
假設(shè)一個(gè)只有家庭和企業(yè) 的二部門經(jīng)濟(jì)中，消費(fèi)C=100+0.8Y，投資I=150-6r,貨幣供給M=150，貨幣需求L=0.2Y-4r。
1）求IS和LM曲線
2）求產(chǎn)品市場和貨幣市場同時(shí)均衡時(shí)的利率和收入
參考答案提示：
( 1 ) 根據(jù)國民收入決定理論，可得：y=C+i=100+0.8y+150-6r 得IS曲線為：y=1250-30r
L=M 得LM曲線為：y=750+20r
（2）當(dāng)產(chǎn)品市場、貨幣市場同時(shí)均衡時(shí)，有IS=LM.即：
1250-30r=750+20r 得：y=950 r=10
具體指引詳見考綱《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)》宏觀第2章第3節(jié)P2237--238頁。
公共管理--行政
有限理性決策模型
參考答案提示：有限理性決策模型是西蒙提出滿意決策準(zhǔn)則。他認(rèn)為決策過程中不存在最優(yōu)決策，而只有滿意決策，又稱滿意決策模型。
具體指引詳見考綱《行政管理》第4章第3節(jié)P182。
英語學(xué)科
To get a chocolate out of a box requires a considerable amount of unpacking: the box has to be taken out of the paper bag in which it arrived, the cellophane wrapper has to be torn off, the lid opened and the paper removed, the chocolate itself then has to be unwrapped from its own piece of paper. But this overuse of wrapping is not confined to luxuries. It is now becoming increasingly difficult to buy anything that is not done up in beautiful wrapping.
The package itself is of no interest to the shopper, who usually throws it away immediately. Useless wrapping accounts for much of the refuse put out by the average London household each week. So why is it done? Some of it, like the cellophane on meat, is necessary, but most of the rest is simply competitive selling. This is absurd. Packaging is using up scarce energy and resources and messing up the environment.
Recycling is already happening with milk bottles which are returned to the dairies, washed out, and refilled. But both glass and paper are being threatened by the growing use of plastic. More dairies are experimenting with plastic bottles.
The trouble with plastic is that it does not rot. Some environmentalists argue that the only solution to the problem of ever increasing plastic containers is to do away with plastic altogether in the shops, a suggestion unacceptable to many manufacturers who say there is no alternative to their handy plastic packs.
It is evident that more research is needed into the recovery and re-use of various materials and into the cost of collecting and recycling containers as opposed to producing new ones. Unnecessary packaging, intended to be used just once, and make things look better so more people will buy them, is clearly becoming increasingly absurd. But it is not so much a question of doing away with packaging as using it sensibly. What is needed now is a more advanced approach to using scarce resources for what is, after all, a relatively unimportant function.
1、"This overuse of wrapping is not confined to luxuries." means（ ）。
A. more wrapping is needed for ordinary products
B. more wrapping is used for luxuries than for ordinary products
C. too much wrapping is used for both luxury and ordinary products
D. the wrapping used for luxury products is unnecessary
2、Packaging is important to manufacturers because（ ）。
A. it is easy to use it again
B. shoppers are interested in beautiful packaging
C. they want to attract more shoppers
D. packaged things will not go rotten
3、According to the passage, dairies are （ ）。
A. experimenting with the use of paper bottles
B. giving up the use of glass bottles
C. increasing the use of plastic bottles
D. re-using their paper containers
4、Some environmentalists think that（ ）。
A. plastic packaging should be made more convenient
B. no alternative can be found to plastic packaging
C. too much plastic is wasted
D. shops should stop using plastic containers
5、The author thinks that（ ）。
A. packing is actually useless and could be ignored
B. people will soon stop using packaging altogether
C. enough research has been done into recycling
D. it is better to produce new materials than to re-use old ones
參考答案提示：
1、C推理題。從該句的后一句“It is now becoming increasingly difficult to buy anything that is not clone up in beautiful wrapping．”可知沒有精美包裝的物品越來越少。言外之意是不僅僅奢侈品。即使普通物品都使用很多包裝。故選C。
2、C推理題。從文章第二段對(duì)So why is it done?的回答 “…most of the rest is simply competitive selling…”可知大多數(shù)包裝只是為了促銷，即吸引顧客。故選C。
3、C細(xì)節(jié)題。由文章第三段最后兩旬活可知塑料瓶的使用日漸增多．使玻璃紙和紙都受到了威脅，更多的乳品公司在嘗試使使用塑料瓶。故選C。
4、D推理題。文章第四段第二句話說“一些環(huán)境學(xué)家說解決塑料容器使用增多這個(gè)問題的唯一途徑就是不使用商店里的塑料制品”，說明環(huán)境學(xué)家認(rèn)為商店不應(yīng)該使用塑料制品。故選D。
5、A主旨題。由文章可知，只有少數(shù)包裝是有用的，絕大多數(shù)包裝只是為了吸引消費(fèi)者，而這一想法其實(shí)是荒謬的，消費(fèi)者對(duì)包裝行不感興趣；且專家認(rèn)為解決污染問題的唯一途徑是商店內(nèi)不再塑料包裝物，可總結(jié)得出：包裝行無多大用處，我們可以忽略它，故選A。
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