博樂(lè)國(guó)際教育小學(xué)升初中語(yǔ)法大全講義
第一課 基礎(chǔ) 冠詞
一、字母大寫的五種情況：
1.國(guó)家首字母
China American Germany
2.句子的首字
eg.This is my book
3.地名
北京 Beijing 上海 Shanghai
4.人名
Wang Dazui Tom
5.月份 星期 節(jié)日
五月 May 六月 June
星期一Monday 星期二Tuesday
春節(jié) Spring Festivabl
中秋節(jié) Middle-autumn day
元音字母有Aa, E e,O o,I i,U u
二、冠詞
1.冠詞有：a 、an 、the
2.冠詞分為：不定冠詞：a、an
定冠詞：the
3.冠詞的用法：
a/an 都表示一個(gè)
an 用在單詞發(fā)音中元音音標(biāo)開頭的單詞
a 用在單詞發(fā)音中輔音音標(biāo)開頭的單詞
a/an 第一次提到 the 再次提到
eg. an orange /CrIndV/
an apple /’Apl/
4.定冠詞 the 的用法(5種)：
①.特指某些人或物
eg.The book on the desk is mine.
②雙方都知道的人或事物
eg.Open the door, please.
③.指上文提到的人或事物
eg. He lives on a farm, the farm is not big.
④.世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物前
eg. The sun is bigger than the moon.
⑤.形容詞最高級(jí)前
Eg:The island is the biggest of the three.
5．不用冠詞的情況:
①星期、月份、季節(jié)、節(jié)日前不用，
但中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日要用the.
on Monday 在星期一
in June 在六月
in spring 在春天
at Christmas 在圣誕節(jié)
on the Mid-Autumn Day 在中秋節(jié)
②. 國(guó)家城市不用the
in Shenyang 在沈陽(yáng)
③. 稱呼頭銜前不用
Mr.Wang 王先生
例題：
冠詞 （a/an）
1.I have __ book.
2.__ cat can catch insect.
3.Lucy spends ___ hour doing her homework everyday.
4.Bob’s father is __ engineer.
5.John is __ honest boy.
6.__ apple __day keeps the doctor away.
7.Let’s have __ rest for __ while.
8.Mother bought me_uniform yesterday.
9.I have __ pencil. __ (a, the) pencils is red.
10.___(a, the /) sun is shining brightly in __ (a, the, /) sky.
11.__ (a, the) dictionary on __ (a, the) desk is mine.
12.Is __ (the, /) Mary (a, the,/) youngest girl in our class.
13.Can you play (a, an, the, /) violin?
14.We go to school by (a, the, /) bike in (a, an, the) morning every day.
根據(jù)所學(xué)知識(shí)用a, an,the, / 填空
My name is __ Michael.I’m in __ grade three this term. My mother is __doctor and my father is __actor. Today is __ Saturday.Now, my father is talking on __ phone. My mother is __ having breakfast. My grandmother is watering __ flowers in __ garden and I’m watching __ TV. Look! This is my zone. There is __ beautiful umbrella in my bedroom. I like __ umbrella very much because I bought it in __ Paris. These are all my presents.
第二課 名詞
一、概念：表示人,事物,地點(diǎn)或抽象概念的名稱
二、名詞的分類：可數(shù)名詞，不可數(shù)名詞
可數(shù)名詞:指能以數(shù)目來(lái)計(jì)算，可以分成個(gè)體的人或東西
不可數(shù)名詞:不能用數(shù)字計(jì)算的
舉例：學(xué)生、車、房子、北方。。。
三、常用的不可數(shù)名詞：
water fruit ice juice rice ink (與水有關(guān)的）
money food bread coffee sugar milk
(拿錢買的食物有吃的面包喝的咖啡，咖啡有點(diǎn)苦于是又買的糖和牛奶）
meat beef pork mutton clothes soap
（買的肉有牛肉 豬肉 羊肉 吃的時(shí)候把衣服弄了于是買了肥皂）
hair paper ink grass
(上學(xué)時(shí)整理好了頭發(fā),買的紙、草 墨水）
不可數(shù)名詞
四、即可充當(dāng)可數(shù)名詞又可當(dāng)不可數(shù)名詞的有：
chicken雞（可數(shù)) 雞肉(不可數(shù))
duck 鴨子(可數(shù) ) 鴨肉(不可數(shù))
lamb (羔羊) foods 各類食物
fruits 各類水果 fishes 魚類
五、單復(fù)數(shù)同形：即單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)的寫法一樣。
單復(fù)數(shù)同形的詞常有：
sheep (綿羊) deer (鹿) fish (魚)
Chinese(中國(guó)人)Japanese (日本人)
六、可數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)：
規(guī)則1，直接加s：
balloon balloons boy—boys
doll —dolls book—books
規(guī)則2：以s. x ch sh結(jié)尾的加es:
box boxes watch watches
bus buses dish dishes
則3:以o結(jié)尾的有生命的加es,無(wú)生命的加s:
tomato tomatoes hero heroes
potato potatoes
口訣：英雄喜歡吃西紅柿和土豆
注意：photo photos (照片)
規(guī)則4：以f,fe結(jié)尾變f, fe為ves
life變lives knife變knives
leaf變leaves wolf變wolves
wife變wives thief變thives
shelf變shelves wife變wives
記憶小口訣:妻子持刀去宰狼，嚇的小偷發(fā)了荒躲在架后保己命，半片樹葉遮目光
規(guī)則五：以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的變y為i加es
baby變babies factory變factories
country變 countries
記憶小口訣：小孩去了鄉(xiāng)村的工廠
不規(guī)則名詞變復(fù)數(shù)：
tooth變teeth foot變feet
goose變geese
小口訣：雙腳白鵝和牙齒oo都要變ee
判斷下列劃線部分單詞是可數(shù)名詞還是不可數(shù)名詞。Y(可數(shù)) N(不可數(shù))
I would like a glass ( ) of water.( )
2. I bought dad a can ( ) of beer ( ).
3. Do you know Alice’s telephone( ) number( )?
4. Is the ring ( ) made of gold ( )?
5. There is a fish ( ) in the water( ).
6. The Chinese ( ) love tea ( ).
7. The coffee ( ) on the table () is for you.
8. The pen is out of ink.( )
9. Do you take some sugar ( ) with your milk ( )?
10. Bob lost a lot of blood( ) in the war.
11. Mom bought a bag ( ) of rice ( ) yesterday.
二、 寫出下列名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式
1.desk 2. boat 3. map
4.dish 5.class 6.church
7.dress 8.page 9.boy
10.hero 11.potato 12.radio
13.party 14.factory 15.leaf
16.shelf 17man 18.tooth
19.child 20.deer 21.school
22.beach 23.baby
介詞：in at on outside
記憶小口訣：年月前面要用 in ，上午下午要用 in，午夜中午用at ，at用在點(diǎn)鐘前 在家也要用at
在早上 in the morning
在下午 in the afternoon
在傍晚 in the evening
在中午 at noon
在晚上 at night
在8：00 鐘 at 8：00 O’clock
在家 at home
國(guó)家、城市、季節(jié)用in
在中國(guó)in China 在沈陽(yáng)in Shenyang
在春天 in spring
outside 在 …外面
outside the school gate
在學(xué)校大門口外邊
behind在…的后面
Sheep is behind the wolf
懶洋洋在灰太狼的后面
習(xí)題：
The hen is sitting __ its eggs.(坐在雞蛋上)
2.Peter sits __ Susan in the classroom. (Peter坐在Susan后面)
3.A cat is climbing __ the tree.(貓?jiān)谂罉?
4.I have an ache __ my arm.
5.Can you come to teachus __ Sunday.
6.What’s the weather __ today?
7.Sam, can you swim __ the river.
8.How did they come here? Mum __ air.
第三課 代詞
一、概念:代替名詞以及起名詞作用的短語(yǔ)、分句和句子的詞
二、分類：指示代詞和人稱代詞
1.指示代詞：用來(lái)指示或標(biāo)識(shí)人或事物的代詞
(這個(gè))表示單數(shù) that(那個(gè))表示單數(shù)
this box that box this
these這些 表示復(fù)數(shù) those boxes
those(那些)表示復(fù)數(shù) these boxes
總結(jié)：
①this that 作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，名詞用單數(shù)形式
②these those作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)，名詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式
這是一只貓 This is a cat
那是一只貓 That is a cat
這是些貓 These are cats
那是些貓 Those are cats
指示代詞：this(這個(gè))，these(這些), that(那個(gè)) ,those(那些)
eg. 1. ___ is a zebra. 這是一只斑馬
2. ___ is a kangaroo. 那是一只袋鼠
3. ___ are goats. ___ are sheep.
這些是山羊，那些是綿羊
4. Hello, Lucy! __ is my classmate, Cathy. 你好露西， 這是我的同學(xué)凱茜。
This girl is Mary/This is Mary
這個(gè)女孩是瑪麗/這是瑪麗
That girl is Mary/That is Mary
那女孩是瑪麗/那是瑪麗
Those girls are my friends/
那些女孩是我的朋友/那些是我的朋友
These girls are my friends/
這些女孩是我的朋友/這些是我的朋友
2.人稱代詞
⑴充當(dāng)名詞作主語(yǔ)
第一人稱 我I 我們 we
第二人稱 你you 你們 you
第三人稱 他/她/它he/she/it 他們them
I am a sheep
It is a wolf
They are boys and girls
He is a police
She is a teacher
⑵人稱代詞充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)放在動(dòng)詞后
第一人稱 我me 我們we
第二人稱 你you 你們you
第三人稱 他/她/它him/her/it 他們them
Thank you very much
Give us some drinks
Give me some bananas
I take her to the garden
⑶人稱代詞充當(dāng)形容詞
第一人稱 我的 my 我們的our
第二人稱 你的your 你們的your
第三人稱 他的/她的/它的his/her/its
他們的 their
Her father is a doctor
This is his cartoon book
They are their books
This is my house
This is your bag
⑷人稱代詞充當(dāng)名詞
第一人稱 我的mine 我們的ours
第二人稱 你的yours 你們的yours
第三人稱 他的/她的/它的his/hers/its
他們的theirs
This cartoon book is his.
This house is mine.
This bag is yours.
人稱
第一人稱
第二人稱
第三人稱
代詞及be動(dòng)詞
用法
單數(shù)
復(fù)數(shù)
單數(shù)
復(fù)數(shù)
單數(shù)
復(fù)數(shù)
主格
I
we
you
you
she/he/it
they
賓格
me
us
you
you
her/him/it
them
形容詞性物主代詞
my
our
your
your
her/his/its
their
名詞性
物主代詞
mine
ours
yours
yours
hers/his/
its
theirs
Be動(dòng)詞
現(xiàn)在時(shí)
am
are
are
are
is
are
Be動(dòng)詞
過(guò)去時(shí)
was
were
were
were
was
were
be動(dòng)詞與人稱代詞結(jié)合使用小口訣：
我(I)用am，你(you)用are，is 跟著他(he)，她(she)，它(it).單數(shù)用is，復(fù)數(shù)用are
用正確的人稱代詞填空
1 ____ am Jim Green. You can call _Jim.
2 Miss White is our teacher. ___teachers ____ English.
3Where are my keys? I can’t find ____.
4This is ____ brother. (I)
5.Show me ____book (you).
6.Open _____mouth (you)
7.What can I do for __ , Sir?
8.Dad bought __ a computer.We are very happy.
9.Henry and Dick are friends. __ often play basketball together.
10.__ is ten o’clock __ should go to bed, Sue.
10. I’m a student.This is __ school bag.
11.Look at the dog.__ tail is brown.
12. Boys and girls, open __ books and turn to page 26.
用正確的物主代詞填空
4 Hello, Lucy! ___is my classmate Cathy.
你好露西，這是我的同學(xué)凱茜。
5 John didn’t pass the exam.___made his teacher very angry. 約翰沒(méi)通過(guò)這次考試，這令他的老師很生氣。
6 Taste ____,It’s delicious. 嘗嘗這個(gè)，那是美味的。
第四課 動(dòng)詞
一、 動(dòng)詞分為：
be動(dòng)詞：am,is,are
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can,may,must,do ,does
感官動(dòng)詞feel,smell,taste.sound
實(shí)義動(dòng)詞：剩余為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞。如跑、跳
①助動(dòng)詞+形容詞
②be動(dòng)詞+形容詞/名詞
She is a good girl.她是一個(gè)好女孩
we are good friends我們是好朋友
I am a teacher我是一名老師
③情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形
I can sing. 我能唱歌
She must be a teacher.
He can get a pen.他能得到一只鉛筆
Peter can drive a car peter.能開車
我可以問(wèn)你幾個(gè)問(wèn)題嗎
May I ask you some questions
④實(shí)義動(dòng)詞：即行為動(dòng)詞,表示動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞
My watch stopped.我的表停了。
It happened in June 1932.
這件事發(fā)生于一九三二年六月。
二、動(dòng)詞變化規(guī)則
當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)時(shí)動(dòng)詞的第三人稱變化
規(guī)則1：直接加s例如like/look
規(guī)則2：以s,x,sh,ch結(jié)尾+es ；例如teach
規(guī)則3：以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的變y為i加es
例如：fly study
規(guī)則4：以o結(jié)尾加es 例如：go do
注意：have的單數(shù)是has
他有一個(gè)兒子 He has a son.
她想要一本書She wants a book.
李明每周買一本書
Li Ming buys a bike every week.
我媽媽有兩個(gè)兒子
My mother has two sons.
三、判斷謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)
ⅰ當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是he/she/it及一個(gè)人或物還有不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。
ⅱ當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是we you they 及復(fù)數(shù)名詞時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)
Sheep and wolf are in the same class
喜洋洋和灰太狼是在同一個(gè)教室
They have many interesting books
他們有很多有趣的書
Our mother is a good teacher
我們的媽媽是一名好老師
Chicken is very delicious food
雞肉是非常可口的食物
判斷下列劃線詞的詞性，選出正確答案
A 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞 B 助動(dòng)詞 C 系動(dòng)詞
1.He can swim.( )
2. Her face turned red.( )
3. Miss Li was sitting on the sofa watching TV. ( ) ( )
4.Susan did her hair in front of the mirror. ( )
5. The children were playing on the ground. ( )
二．寫出下列動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)現(xiàn)在時(shí)
1.buy___2.catch___3.cry___4.go_5.try____6.finish__7.hurry__8.cross_9.mix__10.punish__11.fix_12.watch_13.dress__14.write__15.wash_16teach___
三．寫出下列詞的分詞形式
1.do 2.like 3.plan
4.drop 5.dance 6.go
7.begin 8.build 9.like
10.eat 11.make 12.move
13.feel 14.sell 15.pay
16.sing 17.say 18.give
19.win 20.run
第五課 復(fù)習(xí)
1.a、an的用法
__pear __ apple __book
一小時(shí) 一個(gè)女孩 一把傘
2.可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)變化規(guī)則
以o結(jié)尾的
以f、fe結(jié)尾的
一般情況的變化
以x，s，sh，ch結(jié)尾的
以e結(jié)尾的
goose tooth foot 的復(fù)數(shù)
3.寫出單復(fù)數(shù)同形的詞
4.即可充當(dāng)可數(shù)名詞又可充當(dāng)不可數(shù)名詞
5.man woman child的復(fù)數(shù)
6.在早上 在下午
在傍晚 在中午
在晚上 在8：00 鐘
7.寫出下列單詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式
orange class text piano
shelf family Japanese
foot bed fox photo
tomato woman knife
radio child sheep
toy country
1 .There _____ on the wall. They are very beautiful.
A are photoes B are photos C is a photo D is photos
2 .That is _____ art book.
A an B a C the D are
3 .The boys have got ____
A two bread B two breads
C two pieces of bread
D two piece of bread
4. The old man wants____
A.six boxes of apples B.six boxes of apple C.six box of apples D.six boxs of apples
5. There __ some ___in the river
A.is fish B.are fishs C.is fishs D.are fishs
6 .There _____two___in the box
A.is watch B.are watches
C.are watch D.is watches
代詞
（ ）1.There is a dog.
_____ is running after a cat.
A. He B. It C. It’s D. They
（ ）2.A:Excuse __.Where is Lucy.
B:__ is here
A. I Her B. me Her C. I She D. me She
（ ）3.___is a driver, __work is driving.
A. She Her B .His He
C. He Him D.Her Hers
（ ）4 What is that in English?
A It’s egg B That’s egg C It’s egg DIt’s an egg
（ ）5 __is Peter.__ book is new
A She Her B His He C He His D Her she
（ ）6 Miss Wang teaches ____English.
A you B I C us D we
寫下列詞的第三人稱單數(shù)、過(guò)去式、現(xiàn)在分詞
a. do ______ ______ ___
b. go ______ _____ ___
c. swim ______ _____ ____
d. like ____ _____ ______
e. fly ______ ______ ___
f. write ______ ______ ____
g. see ______ ______ ___
h. run ______ _____ ____
i.get ______ _____ ____
根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)所給形式填空。
1.Can I help __ ? (she)
2. What can I do for __ (you)?
3. Thank __ (you) very much.
4. You don’t need to thank __. (we)
5. It is __ job to welcome visitors. (she)
6. __ dictionaries are very useful.(this)
7. This is not __ (I). My shirt is blue.
8. Look at the dog. __ (it) tail is brown.
9. Boys and girls, open __ (you) books and turn to page 18.
10. Where are my keys?I can’t find __ (they).
第六課 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)
一、定義：表示現(xiàn)在或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的事情
二、構(gòu)成：主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+其他成分（謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用原形第三人稱用單數(shù)形式）
他是一名學(xué)生He is a student
她喜歡唱歌She likes sing
我是一名老師I am a teacher.
They usually go to school on foot.他們經(jīng)常步行去學(xué)校
總結(jié)：當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)及表示單數(shù)的名詞時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)
He goes to school by bike every day
三、標(biāo)志詞：often ，usually ，always， every+時(shí)間
Lucy and Lily usually go swimming.
Lucy 和 Lily通常去游泳
He goes to school by bike every day.
他每天乘自行車去學(xué)校
I get up at six o’clock every day.
我每天六點(diǎn)起床
1）I always tell her about school.
我總是告訴她學(xué)校的事情。
2）I usually show her my homework
我經(jīng)常給她看我的家庭作業(yè)。
3）I sometimes wash the dishes with her.
① 含有be動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的句子
He is a student. 他是一名學(xué)生
I am a teacher. 我是一名老師
The girl is beautiful這女孩很漂亮
Tim and Jack are students湯姆和杰克是學(xué)生
1.變一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí)找到be（am/is/are）放在句子前，問(wèn)號(hào)加末尾（句子首字母大寫）
但當(dāng)人稱是第一人稱時(shí)，把第一人稱轉(zhuǎn)化為第二人稱。
I 變you we變you am變are
eg. He is a student
變Is he a student?
The girl is beautiful
變Is the girl beautiful?
Tom and Jack are students
變Are Tim and Jack students?
I am a teacher.
變 Are you a teacher?
2.變否定句: 直接在am ,is ,are后加not
當(dāng)出現(xiàn)人名時(shí)，單數(shù)男的用he，女的用she，動(dòng)物用it，多個(gè)用they.
He is a student He is not a student.
I am a teacher. I am not a teacher.
Tim and Jack are students
Tim and Jack are not students.
3.肯定回答及否定回答
Is he a student？ Yes, he is .No, he isn’t.
I am a teacher Yes, I am. No, I’m not.
Tim and Jack are students
Yes,they are./No, they aren’t
②沒(méi)有be動(dòng)詞的:
1.變一般疑問(wèn)句：do先生和does小姐來(lái)幫忙
a：?jiǎn)螖?shù)的句前加does，動(dòng)詞變?cè)?，句末加?wèn)號(hào)
b：復(fù)數(shù)的句前加do，動(dòng)詞仍還原，句末加問(wèn)號(hào)。
1)She usually goes to school on foot
—Does she usually go to school on foot?
2)They usually go to school by bike
---Do they usually go to school by bike？
3)I usually show her homework
---Do you usually show her homework?
4)Jim and Tom go to school by bus
--- Do Jim and Tom go to school by bus?
2肯定回答和否定回答
—Does she usually go to school on foot?
Yes, she does. No,he doesn’t
---Do they usually go to school by bike？
Yes, they do. No, they don’t.
---Do you usually show her homework?
Yes,I do . No,I don’t
--- Do Jim and Tom go to school by bus?
Yes, they do . No, they don’t
3變否定句
a：?jiǎn)螖?shù)的在主語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞之前加doesn’ t，動(dòng)詞變?yōu)樵?
b:復(fù)數(shù)的在主語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞之前加don’t
She usually goes to school on foot.
---She usually doesn’t go to school on foot.
They go to school on foot
---They don’t go to school on foot.
四、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can may must
1.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后加動(dòng)詞原形
I can sing 我能唱歌
She must be a teacher.
You may stay here.你可以呆在這里
She can sing.
He can give us some food.
它能給我們些食物
2.否定句在can 后面直接加not
I can sing/She can sing .
I can’t sing/She can’t sing.
She must be a teacher.
She mustn’t be a teacher.
He can give us some food.
He can’t give us some food .
I can sing/She can sing.
Can you sing?/Can she sing?
You may stay here .
May I stay here？
He can give us some food .
Can he give us some food？
3.一般疑問(wèn)句將can提前其他照著寫
4.肯定否定回答
l 肯定回答：yes，人稱+can
l 否定回答：No，人稱+can’t
eg. Can he give us some food？
Yes,he can /No,he can’t
Can she sing?
Yes ,she can /No,she can’t
注意：當(dāng)句中出現(xiàn)人名時(shí)要用相應(yīng)的人稱代詞
1.I want to play table tennis with Ganshan.(將主語(yǔ)改為第二人稱單數(shù))
2.Tom usually plays basketball with my friends.( 改為第二人稱復(fù)數(shù))
3.What do you usually do on Sunday?(把主語(yǔ)改為Helen)
4．She reads books after school.(改為否定句)
5.They have the same hobby.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句并作否定回答)
6.My mother usually goes shopping on Sundays.(同上)
7.I usually make clothes in the evening.(劃線部分提問(wèn))
8.He likes watching TV.(同上)
根據(jù)所給形式填空。
1.I___Peter,I____ten year sold.(be)
2.Excuse me,__you Mr.Baker?(be)
3.Tom and Dick ____good friends, They ____in the same class.(be)
4.There___some clouds in the sky.(be)
5.Christmas_(come) before the new year.
6.I (sleep)eight hours every day.
7.Dolar bears___(live)in the North Pole.
8..Miss White_(teach) us English.
9..Dad ____(wash) his car every morning.
10.Susan____(go) skating with her father every winter.
11.Uncle Joe____(try)his best to learn English.
12.It seldom(幾乎不)__(snow)here in winter.
13.Mr.Le doesn’t____(like) butter and cheese.
14.My shoes____(be)dirty. They__(need) polishing
15.I like collecting Chinese stamps, I
usually (collect) stamps.
16.We (go)to school from Monday to Friday.
17.My parents___(like)__(read) since magazines.
18.Tom usually____(watch) Tv after school,he____(like)___(watch)Tv.
19.She___(want)to___(go)to the park.
第七次課 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)
一、定義：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在或當(dāng)前一般時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。
二、構(gòu)成 :
主語(yǔ)+be+動(dòng)詞ing〔現(xiàn)在分詞〕形式
u 第一人稱+ am + doing + sth
u 第二人稱+ are + doing + sth
u 第三人稱+is + doing + sth
I am doing my homework now.
我正在做作業(yè)
Look! The mouse is eating food.
看!這只老鼠正在吃東西
We are playing basketball.我們?cè)诖蚧@球.
三、標(biāo)志詞：now、 look、 listen
四、現(xiàn)在分詞變化規(guī)則
1.直接+ ing jump 變?yōu)?jumping
2.去e+ing
make 變making write 變 writing
3.以輔元賦輔結(jié)尾的單詞雙寫最后的輔音字母加ing
get 變getting run變r(jià)unning
swim變swimming
4.特殊變化：die-dying, lie-lying，tie-tying
五、變一般疑問(wèn)句
①將am is are 提前，但am 要變成are，I 變成 you
I am doing my homework now.
變 Are you doing your homework now?
Look! The mouse is eating food.
變 Look! Is the mouse eating food?
② 變否定句 在am is are 后直接加not
I am doing my homework now.
變 I am not doing my homework
Look! The mouse is eating food.
變 The mouse is not eating food.
三．肯定/否定回答
Yes，人稱+is/are/am/
No,人稱+isn’t /aren’t
Are you doing your homework now? Yes, I am. No, I am not.
Look! Is the mouse eating food?
Yes, it is . No , it isn’t.
Are they playing the piano
Yes, they are. No, they aren’t.
四．特殊疑問(wèn)句
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特殊疑問(wèn)句：what+一般疑問(wèn)句
What are you doing?
I am doing my homework now.
What is the mouse doing ？
The mouse is eating food.
一寫出下列詞的現(xiàn)在分詞
play run swim make go like write read have sing dance put see buy love live tak come get stop sit begin
二、用詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1.The boy____(draw)a picture now.
2.Listen, some girls____(sing) in the classroom.
3.My mother __(cook) some food now.
4.What____(you)____(do) now.
5.Look!They _(have) an English lesson.
6.They____(not water)the flower now.
7.Look! The girls_____(dance) in the classroom.
8A:What is our granddaughter doing
B: She____(listen) to music.
9.It’s 5 o’clock now. We _____(have) supper now.
10.A:_____Helen_____(wash)clothes?
B:Yes, she is.
用詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1.Be quiet. Mom______(sleep)
2. It _____(rain) outside. Just stay in and do some reading.
3.Look! Peter and Susan ____(play) on the seesaw(蹺蹺板).
4.Bob and Jack ____(swim)now. What fun they have!
5.Mark____(write) a paper these days.
把下列句子變一般疑問(wèn)句及否定句
1.They are doinghousework.
2.The students are cleaning the room.(一般疑問(wèn)句并肯否定回答)
3.I’m playing the football in the playground.(劃線部分提問(wèn))
4.Tom is reading books in his study. (劃線部分提問(wèn))
第八次課 一般將來(lái)時(shí)
一、定義：表示將來(lái)要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作
二、構(gòu)成：
1.主+ am/ is /are going to do +動(dòng)詞原形
2.主語(yǔ)+will + do sth.
標(biāo)志詞 : tomorrow，in+ 將來(lái)的時(shí)間點(diǎn)
In the future
1.She is going to go to America.
她將去美國(guó)
2.Janet and Simon are going to climb the top of the mountain. 杰尼特和西蒙將爬到山頂
3.He will buy a new house
他將買一座新房子
三、變否定句
1.在am is are 后直接加not.
2.在will 后直接加not
Janet and Simon are going to climb the top of the mountain.
變：Janet and Simon are not going to the top of the mountain.
2.He will buy a new house
變：He will not buy a new house
3.She is going to go America.
變：She is not going to America.
四、變一般疑問(wèn)句
1.將 am is are 提前,am 變成are
I 變成you
She is going to go America.
變：Is she going to go to America?
2.將 will 提前
He will buy a new house
變：Will he buy a new house？
3.肯定、否定回答
1.Yes, 人稱+ is. No,人稱+isn’t.
Is she going to go to America?
Yes, she is. No, she isn’t
Will he buy a new house？
Yes，he will. No,he won’t
2.Yes, 人稱+ will/No, 人稱+ won’t
Are Janet and Simon going to the top of the mountain?
Yes, they are. No, they aren’t.
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行特殊疑問(wèn)句
Janet and Simon are going to climb the top of the mountain.
變：What are Janet and Simon going to do?
He will buy a new house.
變：What will he do?
She is going to go to America.
變：What is she going to do?
練習(xí)：
1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。
I__ __ __ have a picnic with my friends.
I __ have a picnic with my friends.
2. 下個(gè)星期一你打算干嗎？ 我想去打籃球！
What __ __ __ __ __ next Monday？I __ __ __ play basketball.
What__ you do next Monday? I__ play basketball.
3. 你媽媽這個(gè)周末去購(gòu)物嗎？是，她要去買一些水果。
___ your mother __ __ go shopping this __?
Yes, she __. She __ __ __ buy some fruit.
4. 你打算什么時(shí)候見面。
What time __ you __ __ meet?
ⅡNana is going to go camping(變否定句)
2. I’ll go and join them.(否定)
3. I’m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.(一般疑問(wèn)句)
4.We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30 .
5. She is going to listen to music after school.
6. My father and mother are going to
see a play the day after tomorrow.
Ⅲ、1. Today is a sunny day. We___ (have) a picnic this afternoon.
2. My brother __(go) to Shanghai next week.
3. Tan often __(go) to school on foot. But today is rainy. He__ (go) to school by bike.
4. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually__(watch) TV and __ (catch) insects.
5. It’s Friday today. What __ she__(do) this weekend?
She __ (watch) TV and __(catch) insects.
6. What ___ (do) you do last Sunday?
I__ (pick) apples on a farm.
What __ (do) you next Sunday?
I __(milk) cows
7.Mary__(visit) her grandparents
tomorrow.
8. Liu Tao __ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.
9. David __ (give) a puppet show next Monday.
10. I __ (plan) for my study now.
第九次課一般過(guò)去時(shí)
含義：表示過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。
構(gòu)成：主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式 be (was/were)
標(biāo)志詞：yesterday ago in+過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn) （in1999） last +時(shí)間
例：He was here at half past seven
他7：30的時(shí)候在這里
I was in Jinan 3 months ago.
3個(gè)月前我在濟(jì)南
They went to Shanghai last year.
去年他們?nèi)チ松虾?div style="height:15px;">
we 、I 變成you.
例：He was here at half past seven.
