插入語是長難句中常見的“干擾成分”，它的出現(xiàn)往往“不按常理出牌”，打亂原有的句子結(jié)構(gòu)，帶來閱讀障礙。插入語對句子理解造成的困難在于，大段插入語出現(xiàn)在句子中間，容易打斷讀者的思路，常常剛讀完插入部分，就完全忘了前面的句子，后面的句子成分更不知所云了：或者，將插入語和句子前后部分內(nèi)容混淆，對句意的理解出現(xiàn)偏差，給理解文章帶來很大不便。所以插入語的難點就在于對它的精準識別。
一、插入語的判定
顧名思義，插入語就是在一個完整的句子中插入一個“本不該有”的成分。它存在的意義是使句子結(jié)構(gòu)靈活化，不那么單調(diào)。插入語的判定方法很簡單：找出句子主干(主謂賓)，發(fā)現(xiàn)在語法上不從屬于任何一部分的、“多余的”成分，就是插入語。
插入語間隔的位置有如下幾類：
1) 主謂分隔：
This view, however, seems to be wrong.
Rose, a young American poet, is brilliant.
Susan, I suppose, finds the right way to go.
2) 復合謂語分隔：
You might at least offer to help.
Mr. McWhorter’s academic specialty is language history and change, he sees the gradual disappear of “whom”, for example, to be natural.
3) 動賓分隔：
They estimated in the newspaper the costs of health care.
4) 固定搭配分隔：
They thought in a systematic way about the problems.
5) 連詞與后續(xù)部分分隔(最為復雜)
What is hard to establish is whether the productivity revolution that the business assume they are presiding over is for real.
二、插入語的處理
為方便起見，按識別標志把插入語分兩類：
(1)標點分隔型插入語:直接跳讀，節(jié)省閱讀時間
All in all, I think we can say that we’ve done well.
總而言之，我認為我們可以說我們做得很好。
The 70th anniversary of the D-Day landings (6June 1944) was attended by many world leaders.
諾曼底登陸70周年紀念日(1944年6月6日)有許多世界領導人出席。
The cheetah---- the world’s fastest land animal---- is native to Africa.
獵豹----世界上跑得最快的陸地動物----原產(chǎn)于非洲。
Jim, it seems, prefers peanuts in soy sauce.
吉姆似乎更喜歡花生蘸醬油。
Tourism, frankly, may promote the mutual understanding among nations.
坦率地說，旅游可以促進國家之間的相互了解。
Every cat with an owner, for instance, is running a small-scale study in ope-rant conditioning.
比如說 ，每只有主人的貓都在進行一個小型的操作性條件反射研究。
Environment, what is important, has a far-reaching influence on one’s personality.
更重要的是，環(huán)境對人的性格養(yǎng)成有著深遠影響。
When we look at a realistic painting ---- a portrait of a historical figure ---- we accept by convention that the portrait represents a real person or actual objects.
當我們看一幅寫實畫作時，如一個歷史人物的肖像畫，我們習慣性地認為這幅肖像畫代表了一個真實的人或?qū)嵨铩?/span>
That is, they are not written compositions, as had long been supposed, but rather transcriptions of orally chanted poems.
也就是說，它們并非像人們長期以來猜想的那樣，是書面創(chuàng)作，而是對于口頭吟誦詩歌的文字記錄。
Many landscapes were ----- meadows in spring, soft valleys, oak trees, banks of flowers (daisies especially) ---- but they were not sublime.
許多風景是美麗的一一春天的草坪、綿延的山谷、橡樹林、花海（特別是錐菊花）一但是它們并不會讓人產(chǎn)生敬畏之情。
According to Tim Washer, a former improvise performer who is now a communications executive at a large corporation, humor helps foster team building and, of course, thinking outside the box.
Tim Washer 之前是一位即興表演者，現(xiàn)任一家大公司的傳播執(zhí)行官，據(jù)他所說，幽默有助于發(fā)展團隊建設，當然，也有助于“拓展思維”。
The hints of the computer's potential, like our glimpses of string theory's explanatory power, would have provided strong motivation for containing complete facility.
句子電腦具有潛力的跡象，就像我們看到的弦理論的解釋能力一樣，將為（人們）獲取它完整的能力提供強烈動力。
注：rather than作為特殊的萬能插入語，表示“肯前否后”，可以放在句子中的任何一個成分后面。
It abolishes the presumption of innocence and places the citizen at the service of the state rather than the other way round.
新法廢除了公民的無罪假定并且將公民置于為政府服務的地位，而非政府為公民服務。
(2)句子鑲嵌型插入語：剝離插入句式，拆解長難句
How long do you suppose it is since he arrived here ?
你認為他來到這里有多長時間了？
That’ s the best way he thought of to get enough money .
那是他所想到的弄到足夠錢的唯一辦法。
The teacher as well as his kids has visited the Great Wall many times since last summer .
自去年夏天以來，這位老師和他的孩子們已經(jīng)多次參觀長城了。
He is what we call it a walking dictionary.
他就是我們所說的活字典。
That seems correct, though the graph he has accompanying it seems to just show federal expenditures.
這似乎是正確的，盡管他附帶的圖表似乎只顯示了聯(lián)邦支出。
I have saved what I believe is the most exciting and encouraging report for last.
我把我認為最令人興奮和鼓舞人心的報告留到最后。
Viewers are impressed at what they assume are nifty special effects.
觀眾多對漂亮的“電影特技”印象深刻。
There were also a few private citizens among them producers, processors, dispensers and medical users who wanted to understand how to keep on doing what I assume they are doing while abiding by the state laws.
還有一些普通公民，包括生產(chǎn)者、加工者、配藥者和醫(yī)療用戶，他們想了解如何在遵守州法律的同時繼續(xù)做我認為他們正在做的事情。
Visualize what you hope will happen.
想象你希望發(fā)生的事情。
People need to know about pathology as you call it.
就像你說的，人們需要了解病理學。
Whom do you think I should see first?
你覺得我應該先見誰?
He made another wonderful discovery, which I think is of great importance to science.
他又有了一個奇妙的發(fā)現(xiàn)，我認為這對科學很重要。
Who do you suggest be sent to work there?
你建議派誰去那里工作?
Where do you suppose he has gone?
你認為他去什么地方了？
【實戰(zhàn)練習】18303 -OG21新題
As opposed to adults, pound for pound, children breathe twice as much air, drink two and a half times as much water, eat three to four times as much food, and have more skin surface area.
A. As opposed to adults, pound for pound, children
B. Compared pound for pound with adults, children
C. Unlike an adult, pound for pound, children
D. Pound for pound, a child, unlike an adult, will
E. Pound for pound, children compared to adults will
【分析】正確答案B
A選項，pound for pound，修飾歧義，可以修飾adults，也可以修飾children；成年人不是不喝水，所以不能用相反的比較，排除CD；E選項，compared做后置定語修飾children，被與成人相比的孩子要呼吸兩倍的空氣……,邏輯不通順；D/E選項問題是一樣的，題目陳述的是客觀事實，即成人與兒童呼吸、飲水等行為，應該用一般現(xiàn)在時，而不是將來時；B表達更準確。
句意：與成年人相比，同樣體重的孩子呼吸的空氣是成年人的兩倍，喝的水是成年人的2.5倍，吃的食物是成年人的三到四倍，皮膚表面積也更大。
這些都是在日常學習中較為常見的，對于插入語不僅"知其然"，而且"知其所以然"，一定可以讓我們對它的理解更為深刻，在運用的過程中更加"游刃有余"!
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