有一客戶需求：
1、要從SQL Server數據庫導出并生成Excel ;
2、用戶下載對應的Excel并填寫上傳再導入到SQL server。
費了將近六個小時，故一定要把過程寫下來，希望看到此文的朋友少走些不必要的彎路。
首先，想到的是直接導出到客戶端，代碼如下：
DataSetToExcel
public static void DataSetToExcel(DataSet oDS, HttpResponse Response, string fileName)
{
if (oDS == null || oDS.Tables[0] == null || oDS.Tables[0].Rows.Count == 0) { return; }
Response.Clear();
//Encoding pageEncode = Encoding.GetEncoding(PageEncode);
HttpContext.Current.Response.Charset = "gb2312";
//Response.ContentType = "application/vnd-excel";//"application/vnd.ms-excel";
//Response.ContentType = "application/x-octet-stream";//"application/vnd.ms-excel";
Response.ContentType = "text/csv";//"application/vnd.ms-excel";
Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + fileName + ".cvs");
System.IO.StringWriter oSW = new System.IO.StringWriter();
HtmlTextWriter oHW = new HtmlTextWriter(oSW);
DataGrid dg = new DataGrid();
dg.DataSource = oDS.Tables[0];
dg.DataBind();
dg.RenderControl(oHW);
Response.Write(oSW.ToString());
Response.Flush();
Response.Close();
}
這樣生成是生成了！ 客戶也可以用Excel直接打開并編輯，問題來了！ 上傳時出錯，仔細看看生成的Excel.xls,
用記事本打開，內容大致如下：
Code
<table cellspacing="0" rules="all" border="1" style="border-collapse:collapse;">
<tr>
<td>品名</td><td>最高價格</td><td>最低價格</td><td>平均價格</td><td>計量單位</td><td>備注</td>
</tr><tr>
<td>青菜</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>元/公斤</td><td> </td>
</tr><tr>
<td>南瓜</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>元/公斤</td><td> </td>
</tr><tr>
<td>瓠子</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>元/公斤</td><td> </td>
</tr><tr>
<td>冬春筍</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>元/公斤</td><td> </td>
</tr><tr>
<td>雪里蕻</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>元/公斤</td><td> </td>
</tr><tr>
<td>櫻桃蘿卜</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>元/公斤</td><td> </td>
</tr><tr>
<td>佛手瓜</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>元/公斤</td><td> </td>
</tr><tr>
<td>白菜鼎</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>元/公斤</td><td> </td>
</tr><tr>
<td>蒜</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>元/公斤</td><td> </td>
</tr><tr>
<td>食用菌</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>元/公斤</td><td> </td>
</tr><tr>
<td>黃瓜</td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>元/公斤</td><td> </td>
</tr>
</table>
原來，就是純粹的html格式，披了件Excel的外衣。這樣用戶傳上來的文件當然不是標準的Excel格式了！
于是， 想到直接生成xml格式的Excel文檔，方法如下 ：
ExportToExcel
/**//// <summary>
/// 執(zhí)行導出
/// </summary>
/// <param name="ds">要導出的DataSet</param>
/// <param name="strExcelFileName">要導出的文件名</param>
public static void ExportToExcel(DataSet source, string fileName)
{
System.IO.StreamWriter excelDoc;
excelDoc = new System.IO.StreamWriter(fileName);
const string startExcelXML = "<xml version>\r\n<Workbook " +
"xmlns=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet\"\r\n" +
" xmlns:o=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office\"\r\n " +
"xmlns:x=\"urn:schemas- microsoft-com:office:" +
"excel\"\r\n xmlns:ss=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:" +
"office:spreadsheet\">\r\n <Styles>\r\n " +
"<Style ss:ID=\"Default\" ss:Name=\"Normal\">\r\n " +
"<Alignment ss:Vertical=\"Bottom\"/>\r\n <Borders/>" +
"\r\n <Font/>\r\n <Interior/>\r\n <NumberFormat/>" +
"\r\n <Protection/>\r\n </Style>\r\n " +
"<Style ss:ID=\"BoldColumn\">\r\n <Font " +
"x:Family=\"Swiss\" ss:Bold=\"1\"/>\r\n </Style>\r\n " +
"<Style ss:ID=\"StringLiteral\">\r\n <NumberFormat" +
" ss:Format=\"@\"/>\r\n </Style>\r\n <Style " +
"ss:ID=\"Decimal\">\r\n <NumberFormat " +
"ss:Format=\"0.0000\"/>\r\n </Style>\r\n " +
"<Style ss:ID=\"Integer\">\r\n <NumberFormat " +
"ss:Format=\"0\"/>\r\n </Style>\r\n <Style " +
"ss:ID=\"DateLiteral\">\r\n <NumberFormat " +
"ss:Format=\"mm/dd/yyyy;@\"/>\r\n </Style>\r\n " +
"</Styles>\r\n ";
const string endExcelXML = "</Workbook>";
int rowCount = 0;
int sheetCount = 1;
/**//*
<xml version>
<Workbook xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet"
xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office"
xmlns:x="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel"
xmlns:ss="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet">
<Styles>
<Style ss:ID="Default" ss:Name="Normal">
<Alignment ss:Vertical="Bottom"/>
<Borders/>
<Font/>
<Interior/>
<NumberFormat/>
<Protection/>
</Style>
<Style ss:ID="BoldColumn">
<Font x:Family="Swiss" ss:Bold="1"/>
</Style>
<Style ss:ID="StringLiteral">
<NumberFormat ss:Format="@"/>
</Style>
<Style ss:ID="Decimal">
<NumberFormat ss:Format="0.0000"/>
</Style>
<Style ss:ID="Integer">
<NumberFormat ss:Format="0"/>
</Style>
<Style ss:ID="DateLiteral">
<NumberFormat ss:Format="mm/dd/yyyy;@"/>
</Style>
</Styles>
<Worksheet ss:Name="Sheet1">
</Worksheet>
</Workbook>
*/
excelDoc.Write(startExcelXML);
excelDoc.Write("<Worksheet ss:Name=\"Sheet" + sheetCount + "\">");
excelDoc.Write("<Table>");
excelDoc.Write("<Row>");
for (int x = 0; x < source.Tables[0].Columns.Count; x++)
{
excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID=\"BoldColumn\"><Data ss:Type=\"String\">");
excelDoc.Write(source.Tables[0].Columns[x].ColumnName);
excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>");
}
excelDoc.Write("</Row>");
foreach (DataRow x in source.Tables[0].Rows)
{
rowCount++;
//if the number of rows is > 64000 create a new page to continue output
if (rowCount == 64000)
{
rowCount = 0;
sheetCount++;
excelDoc.Write("</Table>");
excelDoc.Write(" </Worksheet>");
excelDoc.Write("<Worksheet ss:Name=\"Sheet" + sheetCount + "\">");
excelDoc.Write("<Table>");
}
excelDoc.Write("<Row>"); //ID=" + rowCount + "
for (int y = 0; y < source.Tables[0].Columns.Count; y++)
{
System.Type rowType;
rowType = x[y].GetType();
switch (rowType.ToString())
{
case "System.String":
string XMLstring = x[y].ToString();
XMLstring = XMLstring.Trim();
XMLstring = XMLstring.Replace("&", "&");
XMLstring = XMLstring.Replace(">", ">");
XMLstring = XMLstring.Replace("<", "<");
excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID=\"StringLiteral\">" +
"<Data ss:Type=\"String\">");
excelDoc.Write(XMLstring);
excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>");
break;
case "System.DateTime":
//Excel has a specific Date Format of YYYY-MM-DD followed by
//the letter 'T' then hh:mm:sss.lll Example 2005-01-31T24:01:21.000
//The Following Code puts the date stored in XMLDate
//to the format above
DateTime XMLDate = (DateTime)x[y];
string XMLDatetoString = ""; //Excel Converted Date
XMLDatetoString = XMLDate.Year.ToString() +
"-" +
(XMLDate.Month < 10 ? "0" +
XMLDate.Month.ToString() : XMLDate.Month.ToString()) +
"-" +
(XMLDate.Day < 10 ? "0" +
XMLDate.Day.ToString() : XMLDate.Day.ToString()) +
"T" +
(XMLDate.Hour < 10 ? "0" +
XMLDate.Hour.ToString() : XMLDate.Hour.ToString()) +
":" +
(XMLDate.Minute < 10 ? "0" +
XMLDate.Minute.ToString() : XMLDate.Minute.ToString()) +
":" +
(XMLDate.Second < 10 ? "0" +
XMLDate.Second.ToString() : XMLDate.Second.ToString()) +
".000";
excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID=\"DateLiteral\">" +
"<Data ss:Type=\"DateTime\">");
excelDoc.Write(XMLDatetoString);
excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>");
break;
case "System.Boolean":
excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID=\"StringLiteral\">" +
"<Data ss:Type=\"String\">");
excelDoc.Write(x[y].ToString());
excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>");
break;
case "System.Int16":
case "System.Int32":
case "System.Int64":
case "System.Byte":
excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID=\"Integer\">" +
"<Data ss:Type=\"Number\">");
excelDoc.Write(x[y].ToString());
excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>");
break;
case "System.Decimal":
case "System.Double":
excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID=\"Decimal\">" +
"<Data ss:Type=\"Number\">");
excelDoc.Write(x[y].ToString());
excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>");
break;
case "System.DBNull":
excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID=\"StringLiteral\">" +
"<Data ss:Type=\"String\">");
excelDoc.Write("");
excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>");
break;
default:
throw (new Exception(rowType.ToString() + " not handled."));
}
}
excelDoc.Write("</Row>");
}
excelDoc.Write("</Table>");
excelDoc.Write(" </Worksheet>");
excelDoc.Write(endExcelXML);
excelDoc.Close();
}
可惜， 生成的倒是XML格式了，但還是上傳格式不正確，考慮到客戶端可能是Excel2007/2003-97等等，決定放棄保存Excel到客戶端的方式。
第三種嘗試方案：用cvs保存，將第一種方法改為：
ExportToCVS
Response.ContentType = "text/csv";//"application/vnd.ms-excel";
Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + fileName + ".cvs");
生成格式大致如下：
CVS格式
"品名","最高價格","最低價格","平均價格","計量單位","備注"
"青菜","","","","元/公斤",""
"南瓜","","","","元/公斤",""
"瓠子","","","","元/公斤",""
"冬春筍","","","","元/公斤",""
"雪里蕻","","","","元/公斤",""
"櫻桃蘿卜","","","","元/公斤",""
"佛手瓜","","","","元/公斤",""
"白菜鼎","","","","元/公斤",""
"蒜","","","","元/公斤",""
"食用菌","","","","元/公斤",""
"黃瓜","","","","元/公斤",""
導入到SQL Server時有多種方法：
給出簡要代碼：
GetDataFromCSV
public static DataTable GetDataFromCSV(string filePath,int beginColumn)
{
int intColCount = 0;
bool blnFlag = true;
DataTable mydt = new DataTable("myTableName");
DataColumn mydc;
DataRow mydr;
string strline;
string[] aryline;
System.IO.StreamReader mysr = new System.IO.StreamReader(filePath,System.Text.Encoding.UTF8);
int FlagFirst =1;
while ((strline = mysr.ReadLine()) != null)
{
//if (beginColumn == FlagFirst) { FlagFirst++; continue; }
strline = strline.Replace("\n", "");
strline = strline.Replace("\r", "");
strline = strline.Replace("\t", "");
//aryline = strline.Split(new char[] { '|' });
aryline = strline.Split(new char[] { ',' });
if (blnFlag)
{
blnFlag = false;
intColCount = aryline.Length;
for (int i = 0; i < aryline.Length; i++)
{
mydc = new DataColumn(aryline[i]);
mydt.Columns.Add(mydc);
}
}
mydr = mydt.NewRow();
for (int i = 0; i < intColCount; i++)
{
mydr[i] = aryline[i];
}
mydt.Rows.Add(mydr);
FlagFirst++;
}
mysr.Close();
mysr.Dispose();
return mydt;
}
也有人給出方案，直接從cvs中讀取
GetDataSetFromCSV
public static string PreFilePath=@"c:\Excel\";
public static string strconn = @"Driver={Microsoft Text Driver (*.txt; *.csv)};Dbq="+PreFilePath+";Extensions=asc,csv,tab,txt;";
public static DataSet GetDataSetFromCSV( string filename)
{
OdbcConnection objconn = new OdbcConnection(strconn);
DataSet dscsv = new DataSet();
try
{
string strsql = "select * from " + filename; //filename, for example: 1.csv
OdbcDataAdapter odbccsvdataadapter = new OdbcDataAdapter(strsql, objconn);
odbccsvdataadapter.Fill(dscsv);
return dscsv;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
throw ex;
}
}
嘗試失敗??！
Code Project 上有篇文章，
也可以試試。
雖然也可以湊合用， 但總覺得CVS出錯的可能性更大。
到此，決定放棄客戶端生成的方式,請看下篇
DataSet導出到Excel比較完整的解決方案(二)--服務器端生成文件(downmoon)
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